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	The Internet Classics Archive \| The History of Herodotus by Herodotus
		For the Paeonians from about the Strymon were once bidden by an oracle to make war upon the Perinthians, and if these latter, when the camps faced one another, challenged them by name to fight, then to venture on a battle, but if otherwise, not to make the hazard.
		Now when the Paeonians heard that the Persians were marching against them, they gathered themselves together, and marched down to the sea-coast, since they thought the Persians would endeavour to enter their country on that side.
		And so these tribes of the Paeonians, to wit, the Siropaeonians, the Paeoplians and all the others as far as Lake Prasias, were torn from their seats and led away into Asia.
	classics.mit.edu /Herodotus/history.5.v.html (0 words)

	Paeonia - LoveToKnow 1911
		The Paeonians are regarded as descendants of the Phrygians of Asia Minor, large numbers of whom in early times crossed over to Europe.
		Having been informed that she was a Paeonian, he sent instructions to Megabyzus, commander in Thrace, to deport two tribes of the nation without delay to Asia.
		An inscription, discovered in 1877 at Olympia on the base of a statue, states that it was set up by the community of the Paeonians in honour of their king and founder Dropion.
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /Paeonia (661 words)

	NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Paeonians (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Paionia (Romanized as Paeonia) was, in ancient geography, the land of the Paionians (or Paiones, Paeonians), the exact boundaries of which, like the early history of its inhabitants, are very obscure.
		For the Paeonians from about the Strymon were once bidden by an oracle to make war upon the Perinthians, and if these latter, when the camps faced one another, challenged them by name to fight, then to venture on a battle, but if otherwise, not to make the hazard.
		Now when the Paeonians heard that the Persians were marching against them, they gathered themselves together, and marched down to the sea-coast, since they thought the Persians would endeavour to enter their country on that side.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Paeonians (2038 words)

	Illyrians.org - Troy Connected to Illyrians
		Strabo: Some say that the Paeonians [Pannonians, Illyrian tribe] are colonizers that came from Phrygia [in this case a geographic term, not ethnic, for the Troad], where others say that these [the Paeonians] gave rise to the Phrygians.
		IDEA: in fact Phrygians and Paeonians have in common that they dwelt before in the Strymon country, and moreover, the Troad was known as Phrygia, so pointing out that it was also occupied by them (before or after the Thracian Mysians).
		Proto-Armenians did not enter Urartian areas until the Urartian state was collapsing after -635; and Phrygians in their side were beaten by Cimmerian and Scythian plunderings...
	www.illyrians.org /troyillyrians.html (682 words)

	Herodotus V
		Aristagoras sailed away in advance, and when he reached Miletus, devised a plan, from which no manner of advantage could possibly accrue to the Ionians;- indeed, in forming it, he did not aim at their benefit, but his sole wish was to annoy King Darius.
		He sent a messenger into Phrygia to those Paeonians who had been led away captive by Megabazus from the river Strymon, and who now dwelt by themselves in Phrygia, having a tract of land and a hamlet of their own.
		When the Paeonians heard this, they were exceedingly rejoiced, and, taking with them their wives and children, they made all speed to the coast; a few only remaining in Phrygia through fear.
	www.utexas.edu /courses/classicalarch/readings/herodotus_v.html (0 words)

	PAEONIA - Online Information article about PAEONIA
		Ahasuerus (q.v.)—with wrong vocalization and substitution of y for v, instead of Akhshavarsh; in Aramaic inscriptions and papyri from Egypt the name is written Khs
		district between the Haliacmon (Bistritza) and Axius, was once called Paeonia; and Pieria and Pelagonia were inhabited by Paeonians.
		Having been informed that she was a Paeonian, he sent instructions to Megabyzus, See also:
	encyclopedia.jrank.org /ORC_PAI/PAEONIA.html (1030 words)

	Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology, page 273 (v. 3) (Site not responding. Last check: )
		— the Paeonians were ravaging it on the north,— while pausanias and argaeus took advantage of the crisis to put forward their pretensions to the throne.
		Being thus delivered from his most powerful enemy, Philip turned his arms against the Paeonians, taking advantage of the death of their king, Agis, just at this juncture, and reduced them to subjection.
		He then attacked the Illyrians with a large army, and having defeated them in a decisive battle, he granted them peace on condition of their accepting the lake of Lychnus as their eastern boundary towards Macedonia.
	www.ancientlibrary.com /smith-bio/2607.html (996 words)

	Barakat Gallery Store (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The Paeonians, who were probably of mixed Thraco-Illyrian origin, were weakened by the Persian invasion (490 B.C.), and those tribes living along the Strymon River (in western Bulgaria) fell under Thracian control.
		The growth of Macedonia forced the remaining Paeonians northward, and in 358 BC they were defeated by Philip II of Macedonia.
		By AD 400, however, the Paeonians had lost their identity, and Paeonia was merely a geographic term.
	www.barakatgallery.com /store/index.cfm/FuseAction/ItemDetails/UserID/0/CFID/12771050/CFTOKEN/80265054/CategoryID/49/SubCategoryID/134/ItemID/10884.htm (297 words)

	TheHistoryForum.com - View topic - Macedonia and the Trojan War
		The country was rich in gold and a bituminous kind of wood (or stone, which burst into a blaze when in contact with water) called t-nrivoc (or ts,rivos).
		I 2) tells the story that Darius, having seen at Sardis a beautiful Paeonian woman carrying a pitcher on her head, leading a horse to drink, and spinning flax, all at the same time, inquired who she was.
		An inscription, discovered in 1877 at Olympia on the base of a statue, states that it was set up by the community of the Paeonians in honor of their king and founder Dropion.
	www.thehistoryforum.com /forum/viewtopic.php?t=28537 (885 words)

	Early Antiquity
		One of the early Paeonian soveriegns was Teutaos.
		Pean is the god of medicine; Kanadalos the god of war; Dyalos was similar to Dionysus; Bendida to Artemis; Apollo was known as Etheudanos.
		The Paeonians did not have sanctuaries- they had cave temples.
	www.soros.org.mk /konkurs/058/antiquity.htm (2006 words)

	Major Battles of Alexander's Asian Campaign
		He said, moreover, that the Greeks who were coming into conflict with Greeks would not be fighting for the same objects; for those with Darius were braving danger for pay, and that pay not high; whereas, those on their side were voluntarily defending the interests of Greece.
		Again, of foreigners, the Thracians, Paeonians, Illyrians, and Agrianians, who were the most robust and warlike of men in Europe, were about to be arrayed against the most sluggish and effeminate races of Asia.
		In front of the Agrianians and archers were posted the light cavalry used for skirmishing, and the Paeonians, under the command of Aretes and Aristo.
	www.shsu.edu /~his_ncp/ArriCamp.html (13039 words)

	:: View topic - "Paionia"
		However, she does not mention Macedonians because she considers them the same as the paeonians...
		Paeonians and Thracians used the Greek language at least in some way.
		In the time of king Philip II of Macedon, Paionia was located immediately north of ancient Macedon and south of Dardania (Dardania is modern-day Kosovo).
	www.maknews.com /forum/viewtopic.php?t=624&postdays=0&postorder=asc&start=20 (1512 words)

	Aristotle - The History of Animals 9-45
		The bison is found in Paeonia on Mount Messapium, which separates Paeonia from Maedica; and the Paeonians call it the monapos.
		It is the size of a bull, but stouter in build, and not long in the body; its skin, stretched tight on a frame, would give sitting room for seven people.
		Before dropping their young they scatter their dung in all directions, making a kind of circular rampart around them; for the animal has the faculty of ejecting excrement in most extraordinary quantities.
	www.book-portal.net /aristotle/history/book9-45.html (441 words)

	Herodotus' Inquiries, Book 5: installment 27
		Indeed what was done previously by the Paeonians this way was done and then, although the Perinthians were proving good concerning their freedom, the Persians and Megabazus prevailed over them by multitude.
		Thereupon Darius wrote a letter to Megabazus, whom he had left in Thrace as a general, and was giving the injunction that he should cause the Paeonians to stand up from customary abodes and bring to him both themselves and their offspring and wives.
		Indeed that opinion prevailed not, but it was decided notwithstanding to revolt and for one of them to sail to Myus to the camp that had gone from Naxos and was there and try to arrest the generals who sailed on the ships.
	www.losttrails.com /pages/Tales/Inquiries/Herodotus_27.html (3186 words)

	PAEONIA - Article en ligne de l'information environ PAEONIA
		848) parle de Paeonians de l'Axius combattant du côté de leur Trojan kinsmen.
		alliance n'est aucun doute identique au Lycceius ou au Lycpeius des pièces de monnaie de Paeonian (voir le B.
		Brennus ravaged la terre du Paeonians, qui, encore étant dur serré par le Dardani, n'a eu aucune alternative mais pour joindre les Macédoniens, dont la chute ils ont partagée.
	encyclopedia.jrank.org /fr/ORC_PAI/PAEONIA.html (1494 words)

	[No title]
		While he consolidated his own hold on the Macedonian throne, Philip II of Macedon temporarily checked them with bribes and promises.
		This alliance worked for the Paeonians as well; Audoleon acquired a powerful ally.
		That Audoleon continued to build such connections with his neighbors is clear through the marriage of his daughter to Pyrrhos, King of Epiros and cousin to the Macedonian royal house through Olympias, the mother of Alexander III.
	www.cngcoins.com /Coin.aspx?CoinID=42958 (260 words)

	Macedonian Gift Shop - Alexander The Great!
		As previously noted, the Paeonians started minting their coins relatively early; the Derrones, the Laiai and the Syropaeonians emitted their coins at the end of VI century to 480 BC.
		Once the Paeonian tribes united in one political organization ruled by a king, and came into contact with the reign of Agis (first half of IV century), coin minting began in Paeonia too, this time with coins bearing the names of Paeonian rulers.
		Audoleon is the first Paeonian ruler to be marked on all findings and coins with the royal title - basileus, an imitation of the Diadochi after the year 306 BC.
	www.macedoniagiftshop.com /ancient_macedonian_coins_3.html (2156 words)

	Herodotus: Book Five
		Failure of the Paeonian defensive strategy; most of them taken by Megabazus (15).
		Aristagoras of Miletus goes from Sparta to Athens, and by citing the status of the Milesians as apoikoi of Athens persuades the assembly (whose number Hdt puts at 30,000) to send 20 ships to Miletus (97).
		Athenians arrive with a contingent from Eretria; how Eretria had been helped by Miletus in their war with Chalcis; Aristagoras plans a march on Sardis (99).
	academic.reed.edu /humanities/Hum110/Hdt/Hdt5.html (2498 words)

	Albanians and Romanians
		Paeonian origin is probably the most likely for the Albanians.
		Information on the Paeonians is also found in the History of Herodotus and the Peloponessian War of Thucydides.
		Yet keep in mind that the Paeonians were not Thracians or Dacians, though they may have been related to Illyrians.
	p083.ezboard.com /fbalkansfrm150.showMessage?topicID=31.topic (1265 words)

	Philip II of Macedonia
		The Paeonians were subdued and would never be independent again.
		Shortly before Philip set out to the Paeonians, king AArtaxerxes II Mnemon of Persia died and was succeeded by his son Artaxerxes III Ochus, an energetic man whose main aim was to reconquer Egypt.
		The Thracian frontier was safe now that he had conquered Amphipolis; in the north, the Paeonians had been subdued; in the northwest, the Illyrians were decisively defeated; in the west, the Molossians were his allies; he had obtained mines and had given Macedonia its first access to the sea, Pydna.
	www.livius.org /phi-php/philip/philip_ii.htm (1046 words)

	HERODOTUS - THE HISTORY - FULL TEXT - THE FIFTH BOOK - TERPSICHORE - Athenaeum Library of Philosophy
		The Paeonians therefore—at least such of them as had been conquered—were led away into Asia.
		He had become aware while in Europe that Histiaeus the Milesian was raising a wall at Myrcinus—the town upon the Strymon which he had obtained from King Darius as his guerdon for keeping the bridge.
		Aristagoras sailed away in advance, and when he reached Miletus, devised a plan, from which no manner of advantage could possibly accrue to the Ionians;—indeed, in forming it, he did not aim at their benefit, but his sole wish was to annoy King Darius.
	evans-experientialism.freewebspace.com /herodotus05.htm (15421 words)

	Center for Archaeological Research \| Archaeological Sites \| Overview
		It is time when different ethnic communities have developed (Paeonians, Macedonians), and have established rich cultures with trade and cultural relationships with the neighboring regions.
		Classical period__ This period is a time of great happenings, time of the great dynasty of the Argeads, of the "greatest kings Europe has ever met", Phillip II and Alexander The Great, V and IV c.
		It is a time when monumental graves have been built as a reflection of the richness of life and the aristocracy.
	www.macar.org /archaeological_sites.html (765 words)

	Albanians and Romanians
		The Paeonians are mentioned in the Iliad, and they fought in the Trojan war.
		Paeonian origin explains the general lack of ancient Greek influence, explains why coastal terms were borrowed (the Paeonians were inland people), explains why the Albanians were not mentioned in Illyria before the 11th century, because they were in Moesia, in the mountains.
		These Paeonians, living in Moesia, would have encountered early Romanians, and they would have picked up Romanian words, but the Paeonians were not Thracians or Dacians, so the fact that Albanian has Latin words derived from Romanian is not a fact that necessarily implies that Albanians are descended from Thracians or Dacians.
	p082.ezboard.com /fbalkansfrm150.showMessage?topicID=31.topic (0 words)

	Book 5
		[5.15] Now when the Paeonians heard that the Persians were marching against them, they gathered themselves together, and marched down to the sea-coast, since they thought the Persians would endeavour to enter their country on that side.
		[5.17] The Paeonians therefore - at least such of them as had been conquered - were led away into Asia.
		He had become aware while in Europe that Histiaeus the Milesian was raising a wall at Myrcinus - the town upon the Strymon which he had obtained from King Darius as his guerdon for keeping the bridge.
	www.herodotuswebsite.co.uk /Text/Book5.htm (0 words)

	:: View topic - "Paionia"
		I too feel that there is more to the Paeonians than meets the eye.
		the land of the Paeonians, originally including the whole Axius (Vardar) River valley and the surrounding areas, in what is now northern Greece, Macedonia, and western Bulgaria.
		Paeonia was located in the middle of the present day of your Republic having Astibus (tip) as its capital and Vylazora (Veles) as one of the most important cities.
	www.maknews.com /forum/viewtopic.php?t=662&view=previous (2052 words)

	All Empires: History Forum: Ancient Nations of the Balkans
		These tribes were the last within his empire; they extended as far as the Graaean Paeonians and the river Strymon, which rises in Mount Scombrus and flows through the country of the Graaeans and Laeaeans; there his dominion ended and the independent Paeonians began.
		As he left the Odrysian territory in going through the mountain he had on the right hand the Paeonians and on the left hand the Sinti and Maedi; on quitting the mountain he arrived at Doberus in Paeonia.
		He lost no part of his army on the march, except by sickness, but rather increased it; for many of the independent Thracian tribes followed him of their own accord in hopes of plunder.
	www.allempires.com /Forum/forum_posts.asp?TID=15116&PN=2 (2482 words)

	Macedonia - Cults [Archive] - Macedonia Forum
		Especially in the areas bordering on Thrace and among the Paeonians in the north - though these had early contacts with the Macedonians in the centre - local deviants in cult and religion have been attested.
		On the basis of the borders of the later Macedonian provinces there are fewer monuments for Dionysus in the south-west, while one of the cult centres was in the area of the Pangaeus - a region admittedly also settled in by the Thracians.
		Other cults of not inconsiderable importance were those of Helios, among the Paeonians worshipped as a disc, Selene, the Dioscuri, healing deities -represented by Asclepius and Hygeia- river-gods, nymphs, the Pierian Muses, and a strange snake.
	www.macedoniaontheweb.com /forum/archive/t-205.html (506 words)

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