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Topic: Paganini Variations (Brahms)

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	Naxos Web Radio
		Sonatas, variations and other piano works by Haydn, Mozart, Beethoven, Clementi and their contemporaries.
		Brahms, Grieg, Mendelssohn, Schumann, Schubert, Tchaikovsky, Rubinsten, Rachmaninov and many others.
		Suites, sonatas and individual pieces by Paganini, Sor, Coste, Weiss and 20th Century Spanish and Latin-American composers.
	www.naxosradio.com (865 words)

	Niccolò Paganini - Facts, Information, and Encyclopedia Reference article
		Niccolò Paganini was born in Genoa, Italy on 27 October, 1782, to Antonio and Teresa (née Bocciardo) Paganini.
		Paganini developed the set of concert variations for solo violin, characteristically taking a simple, apparently naïve theme, and alternating lyrical variations with a ruminative, improvisatory character that depended for effect on the warmth of his phrasing, with bravura extravagances that left his audiences gasping.
		Though Paganini's composition was not considered truly polyphonic (Eugène Ysaÿe once criticised, that the solo/instrumental accompaniment to Paganini's music was too "guitar like", lacking any character of polyphonism), he expanded the timbre and colour of the instrument to levels previously unknown.
	www.startsurfing.com /encyclopedia/n/i/c/Nicolo_Paganini_ccc9.html (1390 words)

	The Brahms Waltzes, Op. 38
		Brahms consciously avoided composing program music, which was typically favored by composers of the Romantic period.
		We are left with four Brahms symphonies that remain staples in the symphonic concert literature.
		Brahms favored the variations form and composed several sets for the piano.
	members.aol.com /loziernote/brahms.htm (669 words)

	- Classical Music Dictionary - Free MP3
		Brahms was born in Hamburg to the son of a double-bass player and his older seamstress wife.
		Brahms was one of the greatest 19th century symphonists after Beethoven and he was regarded as the foremost romantic composer of instrumental music in classical forms.
		Brahms showed a particular talent for the composition of variations, and this is aptly demonstrated in the famous Variations on a Theme of Handel, Op.
	www.karadar.com /Dictionary/brahms.html (721 words)

	Johannes Brahms
		Johannes Brahms was borne on 07 May, 1833, in Hamburg, Germany.
		In 1857, Brahms received his first official post when he was engaged by the princely court of Detmold as pianist in-residence and conductor of the choral society, part-time duties he performed for three years.
		Brahms left for Vienna in September 1862, as he awaited the opening and offering of a position, in Hamburg, to him.
	library.thinkquest.org /16020/data/eng/text/classical/composers/brahmsjohannes.html (1624 words)

	Johannes Brahms Summary
		Brahms showed early promise on the piano (his younger brother Fritz also became a pianist) and helped to supplement the rather meager family income by playing the piano in restaurants and theaters, as well as by teaching.
		Brahms is buried in the Zentralfriedhof in Vienna.
		Brahms' works in variation form include the Variations and Fugue on a Theme by Handel and the Paganini Variations, both for solo piano, and the Variations on a Theme by Joseph Haydn for orchestra.
	www.bookrags.com /Johannes_Brahms (5546 words)

	Great Performances . Educational Resources . Composer Biographies . Johannes Brahms \| PBS
		Brahms' urge to hold an official position (connected in his mind with notions of social respectability) was again met by a brief conductorship - in 1872-3 of the Vienna Gesellschaftskonzerte - but the practical demands of the job conflicted with his even more intense longing to compose.
		As in other media, his most important development technique in the piano music is variation, whether used independently (simple melodic alteration and thematic cross-reference) or to create a large integrated cycle in which successive variations contain their own thematic transformation (as in the Handel Variations).
		Brahms' greatest vocal work, and a work central to his career, is the "German Requiem" (1868), combining mixed chorus, solo voices and full orchestra in a deeply felt, non-denominational statement of faith.
	www.pbs.org /wnet/gperf/education/brahms.html (952 words)

	Niccolo Paganini
		Niccolo Paganini, (borin in Genoa, October 27, 1782) was a violinist and composer.
		Paganini was one of the most famous virtuosi of his day, and is considered to be one of the greatest violinists ever, with absolute pitch and perfect intonation, expressive bowing techniques and new uses of staccato and pizzicato techniques.
		Paganini developed the set of concert variations for solo violin, characteristically taking a simple, apparently naive theme, and alternating lyrical variations with a ruminative, improvisatory character that depended for effect on the warmth of his phrasing, with bravura extravagances that left his audiences gasping.
	www.theviolinsite.com /composers/paganini.html (663 words)

	Brahms: Variations on a Theme by Haydn
		The premiere in Vienna that November was a great success, and Brahms, heartened by this reception, is said to have gained the confidence to complete his Symphony No. 1 in C minor three years later, in 1876.
		Variation seven, Grazioso, is a gentle siciliano, a slow 6/8 or 12/8 form associated in Brahms's day with pastoral scenes and romantic melancholy.
		The Presto non troppo of the last variation is a bit of sleight of hand: quickly moving parts almost manage to hide the theme in their winding melodies, with the pedal points spread out over six octaves.
	www.barbwired.com /barbweb/programs/brahms_variations.html (864 words)

	WCPE - Music Trivia Quizzes
		Brahms was in his early 40's before he wrote his first symphony.
		Brahms was considered to be avant-garde in his own time, a strong and forceful advocate of the changes brought about by Romanticism.
		Brahms was a proponent of the music of Dvorak and Grieg - he proved to be a considerable help to their careers.
	theclassicalstation.org /quiz/brahms2/index.shtml (210 words)

	University of Leeds Centenary 1904 - 2004 \| Centenary concert \| Programme summary \| Variations and Fugue on a theme of ...
		The ‘Handel’ and ‘Paganini’ variations represent Brahms the virtuoso; but where the latter constitutes a formidable set of études, the virtuosity of the Handel variations lies as much in its application of compositional techniques as its difficulty (which, however, is considerable).
		Emulation of the past, typical of mid- to late-19th-century music, colours a large proportion of Brahms’s output; here his models were Beethoven’s 33 Variations on a Waltz by Diabelli, where the penultimate variation is a fugue, and the contrapuntal challenge of the canonic elements in Bach’s Goldberg Variations.
		Brahms occasionally varies the repeat within a variation, usually by turning the texture inside out (placing a middle part in the treble and vice versa).
	www.leeds.ac.uk /centenary/concert/brahms.htm (503 words)

	Johannes Brahms: Biography - Classic Cat
		Brahms never married, despite strong feelings for several women and despite entering into an engagement, soon broken off, with Agathe von Siebold in Göttingen in 1859.
		Although many listeners may regard Brahms as one of the last bastions of the Romantic Period, he was not a mainstream Romantic, but rather maintained a Classical sense of form and logic within his works - in contrast to the opulence and excesses of many of his contemporaries.
		Brahms wrote a number of major works for orchestra, including four symphonies, two piano concertos (See First Piano Concerto; Second Piano Concerto), a Violin Concerto, a Double Concerto for violin and cello, and the pair of orchestral overtures, the Academic Festival Overture and the Tragic Overture.
	www.classiccat.net /brahms_j/biography.htm (4061 words)

	Dimitris Sgouros' Debut LP Recordings on EMI Angel (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		Indeed, rhythmic variation has particular importance, and the work is close-knit thematically, with cross-references between the three movements.
		After a statement and texturally varied restatement of the Concerto's initial theme by the piano and orchestra in various combinations, woodwind and brass give out an entirely new motive which proves to be a skeletal reference to this first movement's second theme.
		Following a brief exchange between soloist and orchestra, the second subject proper is heard from the piano, and very beautiful it is. This is considerably extended, the first theme returns, and the development continues, reaching a climax which expands itself with a magical passage wherein the music seems almost to die.
	www.sgourosmp3.com /debutrecords.html (2140 words)

	Paganini Variations
		Brahms, Liszt, Rachmaninoff, Szymanowski, Lutoslawski, Andrew Lloyd Webber and others wrote their own variations on this Paganini theme.
		This is undoubtedly the most well-known set of Paganini variations to today's audiences, especially the 18th variation, which was once made into a popular song.
		The most popular set of variations on this same Paganini tune, before Rachmaninov came out with his, was probably the Grande Etude de Paganini No. 6 in A Minor, the last piece from the set of six for piano by Franz Liszt, published in 1851.
	www.compactdiscoveries.com /CompactDiscoveriesArticles/Paganini.html (920 words)

	Mei-Ting Sun, Concert Pianist
		The Brahms Paganini Variations were one of the few extremely virtuosic pieces composed by Brahms.
		Brahms was certainly successful in his attempts to create a difficult work.
		But Brahms could not bring himself to write bad music, unlike most of the other virtuoso composer-pianists, and therefore many parts of this piece is less virtuosic but more simply difficult.
	www.meiting.com /index.php?option=com_white&task=Recordings&Itemid=23 (824 words)

	NPRN Composer of the Month
		Many of his multi-movement works include a set of variations as one of the movements, but he also wrote a number of self-sufficient variation sets that have come to be regarded as among his most important compositions.
		It is based on a theme for keyboard to which Handel himself provided five variations, and the clarity of the theme and of its constituent elements gives Brahms plenty of material with which to construct an amazingly elaborate and inventive work.
		The Paganini variations have one problem, however: they are divided into two books, each with a lengthy coda that brings the book to a brilliant conclusion.
	net.unl.edu /musicFeat/composer/cmbrahmsday5.html (645 words)

	Brahms MP3 Variations: Theme by Paganini
		Our Johannes Brahms MP3 recordings illustrate the work of a master of academic classical music composition who was associated with some of the most romantic musicians and composers of his day.
		The centre piece of this selection of his work are the Variations on a theme by Paganini which demonstrates remarkable creativity and a surprising sense of fun.
		The start of Brahms Variations on a Theme by Paganini is very familiar to British listeners because it was used as the introductory music for a long running arts programme called the South Bank Show on TV.
	download2mp3.com /brahms.htm (391 words)

	Nimbus Records, Grand Piano, NI 8806, Brahms - Booklet Note
		Brahms made his debut as a pianist at the age of fourteen, and continued to play periodically in public.
		Brahms is ever the contrapuntist and his cross-rhythms and endlessly inventive positioning of arpeggio figurations deep into bass territory make his music difficult to memorise.
		One critic condemned her hard-edged tone, which "hurt more in the Intermezzi of Brahms, for in them she was rather inclined to exaggerate every feature both of tone and tempo." And thus notice was first taken of a composer she would continue to champion and cherish throughout her career.
	www.wyastone.co.uk /nrl/gpiano/8806c.html (3376 words)

	[CD-72008] Earl Wild: Johanns Brahms / Ivory Classics Online
		It's funny how Brahms' youthful, big-boned F minor sonata often proves to be a youth tonic for veteran pianists, who gleefully brave the work's considerable challenges and survive miraculously unscathed.
		If the Finale is not as incisive and dynamically varied as it might have been, notice the care with which Wild organizes the bass lines, or his intelligent melodic parsing of the rolled left hand chords in the coda.
		After some short works including intermezzos from various opus as well as rhapsodies, the other big piece on this recital is a live performance (1982) of the Paganini variations.
	www.ivoryclassics.com /releases/72008 (1256 words)

	The Tune that Drove Composers Wild, Part 1
		It was Paganini, in effect, who wrote the first set of variations on his own tune, because the 24th Caprice, short as it is, is itself in theme and variations form.
		Rachmaninov joked that he wrote that variation for his manager, meaning that he thought his manager would be pleased that the work had a - quote -big tune - unquote.
		I've played for you the original tune, which was written by Paganini in 1820, the Liszt transcription for piano from 1851, highlights from Brahms' Paganini Variations, Book 1, from 1866, the Szymanowski variations from 1918, and the Rachmaninov Rhapsody on a Theme of Paganini from 1934.
	compactdiscoveries.com /CompactDiscoveriesScripts/03Paganini1.html (1444 words)

	Paganini
		Niccolo Paganini was born in Genoa on 27th October, 1782.
		His natural aptitude for violin became apparent at an early age, and he had his first lessons on the instrument from his father, who was in the shipping trade but was an accomplished performer on the mandoline.
		A period of study in Parma with Alessandro Rolla and Gaspara Ghiretti followed, and in 1797 Paganini, accompanied by his father, embarked on the first of his many concert tours.
	www.yngwie.org /music/Paganini.html (467 words)

	Johannes Brahms (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		Brahms created a style that blended the lyrical and intellectual and served as a contrast to the progressive style of the New German School.
		Brahms died of cancer in 1897, not long after the death of his one love and close friend, Clara Schumann.
		Brahms is an important figure in German music, standing almost as a rock of classicism in the onrushing stream of the new styles created by Wagner, Liszt, and others.
	www.wwnorton.com /enjoy/shorter/composers/brahms.htm (844 words)

	Johannes Brahms - Classical music composer (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		Johannes Brahms: Haydn Variations Composed by Johannes Brahms (1833-1897).
		Johannes Brahms: Waltzes Composed by Johannes Brahms (1833-1897).
		83, in Budapest, Hungary, with Brahms at the piano.
	www.classical-composers.org /comp/brahms (1714 words)

	INKPOT#58 CLASSICAL MUSIC REVIEWS: International Piano Festival 1998 July 6 - Robert Taub
		Then again, adding the Brahms Paganini Variations would seem a mountainous task for the best of pianists.
		Many composers have had a special affinity for Paganini, notably in the Caprices.
		It is interesting to note that Brahms (right) paid true homage to Paganini by retaining all the idiosyncracies which the "Devil's Violinist" had originally intended.
	www.inkpot.com /concert/pf986taub.html (1150 words)

	Category:Brahms, Johannes - IMSLP
		Concerto for Violin and Cello in A minor, Op.102 (Brahms, Johannes)
		Variations on a Theme by Händel Op.24 (Brahms, Johannes)
		Variations on a Theme by Robert Schumann (Brahms, Johannes)
	www.imslp.org /index.php?title=Category:Brahms,_Johannes (259 words)

	Amazon.com: Brahms: Paganini Variations; 2 Rhapsodies, Op. 79; 4 Ballades, Op. 10: Music: Johannes Brahms,Nicholas ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		The two Rhapsodies (1879) are among Brahms' most beloved piano pieces: grand in conception and execution, rich in sonority, they are dramatic, dark and stormy, with achingly beautiful, singing middle sections.
		The Paganini Variations (1862-63) are based on the theme of Paganini's Caprice No. 24 for solo violin; their subtitle, "Studies for Piano," indicates their character and primary function: to explore and expand the possibilities of the instrument, much as Paganini himself did for the violin.
		In the Paganini Variations Angelich tends to pause or slow down for some of the difficult passages, again in contrast to virtuosos whose attack grows faster and more ferocious as the technical difficulties increase.
	www.amazon.com /Brahms-Paganini-Variations-Rhapsodies-Ballades/dp/B0009U55ZG (854 words)

	BACH Goldberg Variations. Chung (Channel) - INKPOT
		Her feel for the music is essentially romantic, a fact that is made evident firstly in her employment of an unusually wide range of dynamics, and, secondly, in her liberal treatment of the tempi and preference for a sprinkling of rubato in a few slower variations.
		Without a doubt, she handles quick variations with the fullest confidence and character, but in the slower variations, she lacks the lustre to brings out all the melodic nuances, and pieces sound dreadfully pale.
		Also, there is a reverberating hum to the piano, (either the microphones were too near the piano or the studio had acoustic flaws) that muddles variations that had a flurry of notes, especially in variations 8 and 14.
	inkpot.com /classical/bachgoldchung.html (741 words)

	Johannes Brahms biography
		Born in Hamburg, the son of a double-bass player and his older seamstress wife, Brahms attracted the attention of Schumann, to whom he was introduced by the violinist Joachim, and after Schumann's death he maintained a long friendship with his widow, the pianist Clara Schumann, whose advice he always valued.
		Brahms eventually settled in Vienna, where to some he seemed the awaited successor to Beethoven.
		Brahms completed some two dozen pieces of chamber music and almost all of these have some claim on our attention.
	www.kunstderfuge.com /bios/brahms.html (771 words)

	JOHANNES BRAHMS'S KLAVIERSTUECKE, OP. 118
		This study examines various aspects of performance practices which pertain to Johannes Brahms’s Klavierstücke, Op.
		Not only does it consider general performance styles of the nineteenth century, but it explores Brahms’s position as a pianist and composer within that context, examines the details of his notation as it appears in modern editions, and describes the instruments which he owned and preferred.
		Johannes Brahms Autographs: Facsimiles of Eight Manuscripts in the Library of Congress.
	www.longwood.edu /staff/kinzerlb/Brahms.html (981 words)

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