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	Pākehā - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Some have claimed that the word is a Maori transliteration of "bugger ya" or derives from Maori words for flea (keha) or for pig (poaka), and therefore expresses derogatory implications, but there is little or no etymological or linguistic support for these notions.
		Pakeha sometimes appears pluralised in English as Pakehas, but in Maori, the plural is Pākehā: pronouns or definite articles indicate pluralisation.
		While Maori culture has achieved wide recognition, Pakeha culture tends to be taken for granted as the norm.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Pakeha (523 words)

	Pakeha (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Pakeha is a New Zealand English word for Europe an New Zealanders, that is, New Zealanders of predominantly European descent.
		Pakeha are also commonly known in New Zealand as New Zealand Europeans / European New Zealanders and sometimes as Caucasian New Zealanders or white New Zealanders.
		The Pakeha label is also rejected by a small but vocal minority who object to ethnic labelling of any kind, claiming that all New Zealand citizens should identify themselves only as New Zealanders, whatever their ancestry or culture.
	www.serebella.com /encyclopedia/article-Pakeha.html (516 words)

	Pakeha, its origin and meaning (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		The derivation of ‘Pakeha’ from ‘Pakepakeha’ is given added weight when we consider that the first term used to describe Cook and his crew was ‘tipua’ or ‘tupua’, a goblin or a supernatural object of terror (George, 1999).
		I accept the derivation of ‘Pakeha’ from ‘Pakepakeha’ because it establishes a clear whakapapa, or genealogy of the term ‘Pakeha’.
		Pakeha is not an ethnicity but rather a way to differentiate between the historical origins of our settlers, the Polynesians and the Europeans, the Maori and the other.
	maorinews.com /writings/papers/other/pakeha.htm (2119 words)

	PEOPLES' SOVEREIGNTY & MAORI SOVEREIGNTY
		Pakeha supporters, unknowingly, have reinforced this relative isolation of the Maori Sovereignty goal, by ignoring the common ground that exists between Maori and Pakeha on the question of sovereignty.
		The real test for Pakeha supporters of Maori sovereignty will be whether they are prepared to investigate the level of sovereignty enjoyed by the People and convince themselves that there is common ground.
		Once the fact is established among Pakeha supporters of Maori sovereignty that the majority of Pakeha are unable to exercise sovereignty, there will be new vigour within the anti-racism movement.
	cpa2.netfirms.com /Struggle/Dec00/13.htm (1095 words)

	Public Address \| Speaker \| Pakeha and the Treaty - why it's our Treaty too
		At present my observation is that Pakeha (and for that matter many new migrants) look at the Treaty as being not our Treaty but their Treaty, a method of leverage for resolving Maori claims.
		I suspect at the heart of this Pakeha sense of imbalance is this fear of rangatiratanga or tino rangatiratanga as it is often most commonly expressed.
		It is very clear that most Pakeha do not have the on-the-ground experience of working and living in circumstances where a Maori view of the world is just as important and as relevant as their own, and where what's more, that view counts.
	www.publicaddress.net /print,1213.sm (6070 words)

	Pakeha (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		It pitted Maori against Pakeha and Maori against Maori, as land and control was seized by the settler government along "the explosive frontier.".
		Pakeha is a New Zealand English word for European New Zealanders, that is, New Zealanders of predominantly European descent.
		Common alternate designations for Pakeha in New Zealand include "New Zealand Europeans" or "European New Zealanders" and sometimes "Caucasian New Zealanders" or "white New Zealanders".
	www.wikiverse.org /pakeha (582 words)

	Passenger list of the Pakeha
		It was the Brig "Pakeha" of 173 tonnes, Capt. Alexander Campbell, arrived in New Zealand 5-26-1864."
		The Pakeha was within 12 miles of Otago Heads when she sprang a leak and became unmanageable.
		The Pakeha, No. 46,849, was a wooden brig of 173 tons register, built in New Glasgow, Prince Edward Island, in October, 1863 and her dimensions were; Length 91 ft. beam 22.8 ft. depth 11.7 ft. The brig was commanded by Captain Daniel Brewer and was owned by Mr.
	www.islandregister.com /pakeha.html (1103 words)

	Pakeha Support Ngawha: Health resort, not last resort, says group
		Spokesperson Moea Armstrong said it was important that Pakeha people actively oppose the desecration of the whenua, and to support the peaceful occupation by Ngati Rangi and supporters.
		Pakeha should not tolerate the imposition of court-awarded costs against tangata whenua attempting to protect wahi tapu from inappropriate development.
		Such costs contravened the international rights of indigenous people, and Pakeha would be held accountable at the end of the day, she said.
	www.converge.org.nz /pma/ngawha060103.htm (639 words)

	metamorphosism: Pakeha or European?
		Pakeha is a Maori word describing white New Zealanders of European descent.
		The word Pakeha has been said to have originally meant various things: 'pale', 'ghost', 'white pig' and 'white lice', but its origins are still a source of debate.
		If anything, the term pakeha is a term that is frequently (on a daily basis) used in a derogitory manner and to segrogate or distinguish Maori from all the others living in New Zealand.
	www.metamorphosism.com /archives/000056.html (507 words)

	Pakeha (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Pakeha is a word in the Maori language of New Zealand.
		In modern usage, it either is associated with New Zealanders of European descent; or a superset of this, New Zealanders that are not Maori.
		Pakeha refers to the majority of New Zealanders, those who subscribe to the European side of the Treaty of Waitangi.
	www.eurofreehost.com /pa/Pakeha.html (230 words)

	Roma Potiki's embracing the other from a modernnewzealandmaoriwoman's perspective
		The Pakeha world is allegedly more sophisticated, an illusion Potiki discloses through their constant re-definition of the document, so that in the end the treaty loses credibility and magnificence.
		She rejects images of Maori generated by the Pakeha and then again she uses them in affirmation of Maori authority and status, for instance when she points at the connection of the Maori to land and nature.
		Pakeha is actually a difficult term to deal with since it is a Maori term meaning non-Maori, so that it includes everyone but Maori.
	webdoc.sub.gwdg.de /edoc/ia/eese/artic22/duppee/4_2002.html (4606 words)

	THE "PAKEHA CONSTITUTIONAL REVOLUTION?": FIVE PERSPECTIVES ON MAORI RIGHTS AND PAKEHA DUTIES
		Their assettion of Maori rights and Pakeha duties is derived from the concept of Rangatiratanga as understood in Maori, recognition of which was promised in the Maori version of the Treaty.
		On this interpretation of Pakeha duties and Maori rights, the "constitutional revolution" of 1984-1990 is a distortion and a Pakeha re-definition of Rangatiratanga, the effect of which has been to "freeze Maori cultural and political expression within parameters acceptable to the state".
		Pakeha academics frame the whole discussion of Maori rights in a bi-cultural jurisprudence of the wairua that is consistent with the common law.
	www.waikato.ac.nz /law/wlr/1993/article3-havemann.html (7403 words)

	New Zealand Journal of Psychology: Attitudes towards biculturalism in New Zealand: Social dominance and Pakeha ...
		In Study one, Pakeha who were lower in Social Dominance Orientation (SDO) expressed increased support for an affirmative action policy providing postgraduate scholarships for ethnic minorities only in the absence of material self-interest (i.e., only when they themselves would not be competing for scholarships).
		In Study two, a majority of Pakeha students supported biculturalism in principle (53% support, 3% opposition) but were opposed to resource-specific biculturalism (3% support, 76% opposition).
		Pakeha low in SDO (and to a lesser extent Right-Wing Authoritarianism) supported biculturalism in principle; however, they were relatively opposed to resource-specific biculturalism regardless of SDO.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_qa3848/is_200407/ai_n9439918 (1151 words)

	Maori Makes a Difference
		Pakeha contributions included science and technology to enhance the physical quality of life, including health care, economic and business expertise to increase efficiency, cultural expressions such as classical music for enjoyment, civil rights expertise to advocate for one's rights, and a sense of egalitarianism and directness in dealing with people.
		Having bought into the Pakeha system, efforts of such a person in the community are more likely to be directed towards getting the community to understand the needs of the institution, than to initiate actions or raise issues that further complicate institutional tasks.
		The responsibility of the bureaucrat (Maori or Pakeha) is to maintain the established system as efficiently and effectively as possible by reducing the variables that the system has to deal with to the minimum necessary for survival.
	www.ankn.uaf.edu /curriculum/Articles/Maori_Makes_a_Difference.html (13091 words)

	"The NZ Way" aka Pakeha Racist Control System (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		It appears that these and other Pakeha institutions (government and non-government) would prefer to risk unnecessary loss of life and property than acknowledge that Indigenous (Maori) solutions may be more efficient, pertinent and cost-effective than their own.
		The reader is invited to read these and other documents before making his or her own assessment of the situation.The experiences and events that are described reflect a larger global pattern of Pakeha oppression of Indigenous peoples.
		That a Pakeha business leader should identify these attitudes as the cause of poor economic and social performance over the past two decades is not surprising.
	homepages.ihug.co.nz /~sai/monocult.html (410 words)

	Pakeha (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Pakeha sometimes also occurs as the plural in English, as Maori linguistsconsidered this form more correct.
		A small but vocal minority who object to ethniclabelling of any kind also rejected the "Pakeha" label, claiming that all New Zealand citizens should identify themselves only as New Zealanders, whatever their ancestry or culture.
		While Maori culture has achieved wide recognition, Pakeha culture tends to be taken for granted as thenorm.
	www.therfcc.org /pakeha-57574.html (442 words)

	A Life Of Struggle: Mihipeka - The Early Years: Exemplars - Level 6 (Raine) [English Online]
		Mihi's boss, a Pakeha lady, fired her when she found out that she was Maori.
		It is grey which is sort of a dull colour and shows that it is not a nice thing that is being said.
		The concept of Pakeha looking down on Maori is clearly communicated in the text, and is visually represented here.
	english.unitecnology.ac.nz /resources/units/mihipeka/raine.html (378 words)

	Pakeha (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Pakeha sometimes appears pluralised in English as Pakehas, but in Maori, the plural is Pakeha: pronouns or definite articles indicate pluralisation.
		In an interview with the New Zealand Herald in June 2005 she stated she calls herself a Pakeha, saying "I think it (Pakeha) is the most simple and practical term.
		Others, who object to ethnic labelling of any kind, also rejected the "Pakeha" label, claiming that all New Zealand citizens should identify themselves only as New Zealanders, whatever their ancestry or culture.
	www.worldhistory.com /wiki/P/Pakeha.htm (594 words)

	Foreshore and Seabed Claim: Maori versus Pakeha Colonial Govt
		She worked out a formula using the 1995 deal in which Pakeha landowner Alan Titford received $3.25 million in compensation for the 94 acres of Far North farmland taken off him to return to Maori.
		Processes where iwi were expected to negotiate on Crown terms and use Pakeha methods to prove they were entitled to negotiate a settlement - even when the Waitangi Tribunal had already upheld their grievances.
		Until Pakeha realise that all are being manipulated by secretive foreign commercial-political interests, the conclusion to this particular end-game is predictable.
	twm.co.nz /maorisea.html (9231 words)

	Tangata Whenua, Tangata Tiriti - Green Party
		Most Pakeha seemed simply unaware during the 1940’s to 1980’s of constant Maori agitation for the rights affirmed to them from the beginnings of Pakeha settlement here.
		Pakeha is an indigenous word that refers to New Zealanders of primarily European descent.
		Pakeha have a right to be here because we signed a treaty giving us that right.
	votegreen.org.nz /searchdocs/other7291.html (754 words)

	Treaty of Waitangi (Final Settlement of Claims) Bill - Green Party
		Most Pakeha seemed simply unaware of Maori continued agitation for their rights to political, economic, and cultural self-determination.
		Today no Pakeha is unaware of those demands, and it creates in us a difficult cognitive tension.
		In fact, I believe that until Pakeha are able to feel certain about our place here, we will continue to show signs of anxiety, defensiveness, and intolerance, always underlined by the question of "When do I as a Pakeha become tangata whenua?".
	www.greens.org.nz /searchdocs/speech7599.html (594 words)

	A Place to Stand
		Indeed, with the Pakeha world encroaching on all sides, the marae is an enclave of Maoriness where it is the white man's ways which are out of place.
		In a Pakeha world, the marae is a place where all thing Maori come together.
		But, as it is the goal of Maoritanga to set forth an image of Maori unity in opposition to the dominant Pakeha culture, the truth is often inconvenient.
	www.postcolonialweb.org /nz/maorijlg3.html (652 words)

	Mimiwhangata: Media Discourse
		Maori culture is fundamentally inferior to that of the Pakeha.
		It is not stated that the 'family' referred to is Pakeha, but my expectations that this is the case are enhanced on being told that their holiday is 'long-planned' and 'booked'.
		The success of the story in reaching a mainstream Pakeha audience is dependant on its ability to resonate with what passes for commonsense in the issue at hand.
	www.massey.ac.nz /~alock/tim/tim.htm (5089 words)

	Scoop: Pakeha Protest In Support Of Maori Seabed Rights
		Victoria was one of the pakeha on the Wellington protest and she said, “I think there’s been a lot of media coverage to make people think that they can’t go to the beach anymore.
		This is a brilliant opportunity for pakeha to make sure this doesn’t happen again in their time,” she said.
		While Teanau Tuiono from Aotearoa Educators said “I’m encouraged that there are pakeha groups that are taking this kaupapa (issue) quite seriously, especially in light of the general mainstream reaction and the comments that have been made by Don Brash.
	www.scoop.co.nz /stories/HL0405/S00006.htm (1254 words)

	COURSE EDUC 310 - Bibliography pakeha (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Pakeha: The Quest for Identity in New Zealand.
		Understanding Pakehas: a pamphlet to help Polynesian migrants understand the European New Zealander’s way of life and work.
		‘Pakeha Ethnicity: A Response to Maori Sovereignty’ in Spoonley et.
	library.auckland.ac.nz /subjects/edu/course-pages/310_bib_pakeha.htm (176 words)

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