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Topic: Pakhtunistan

	Renaming of NWFP: petition against avowal of law minister dismissed
		He contended that the Constitution had been evolved to establish and maintain Islamic brotherhood in the society, particularly in the Frontier province, on the basis of two-nation theory.
		But it is causing discrimination on the basis of race and caste by declaring the NWFP as the land of Pakhtuns, which is also against Islam,” he maintained.
		The petitioner’s counsel, Advocate Muhammad Muazzam Butt argued that the NWFP minister for law “on the insistence” of the NWFP government misstated the preposition of law as regard to the amendment in the Constitution, “which is illegal, without jurisdiction, in excess to the authority vested to him and without lawful authority.”
	www.thenews.com.pk /print1.asp?id=42038 (515 words)

	Pakhtunistan (Pakistan) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		Pakhtunistan [or Pushtunistan] stands for Afghanistan's agitation for the creation along the North-West Frontier of a Pathan state.
		The basic cause of the situation can be found in the Anglo-Afghan Agreement of 1893, which delimited, by means of a map, the boundary between the spheres of influence of Britain and Afghanistan (the Durand Line).
		Pashtunistan or Pakhtunistan is the name given to the land inhabited by Pushtu/Pashtu-speaking people, who are about evenly divided between Afghanistan and Pakistan.
	www.crwflags.com /fotw/flags/pk!pakh.html (317 words)

	Pakistan Facts - Pakhtunistan: A saga portraying the identity of Pakhtuns
		Pakhtunistan: A saga portraying the identity of Pakhtuns
		As the name Pakhtunistan was coined by Bacha Khan, it was opposed by the self-styled creators of Pakistan.
		Our Chief Minister Durrani had promised that he would name the province as Pakhtunistan in his first speech after assuming power and he had also proposed the name Pakhtunistan when he was an MPA.
	www.pakistan-facts.com /article.php?story=20050723120356579 (729 words)

	Ethnicity and Regional Aspirations In Pakistan
		But the memory of this empire lingers in the popular memory and this has provided the legacy for those advocating Pakhtunistan.
		For sometime, the large presence of Pakhtuns in the state apparatus made it difficult for the advocates of autonomous or independent Pakhtunistan to convince the younger educated middle classes to believe that they were being ruled by other ethnic group.
		But later on the steps taken by the central administration contributed to their fear of gradual marginalisation in the hands of the Punjabis.
	www.khyberwatch.netfirms.com /ethnicity.htm (3623 words)

	North-West Frontier Province, Pakistan - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		NWFP was traditionally a part of Afghanistan, but was divided during British rule of India.
		During the 1950s, Afghanistan supported a secessionist movement in the NWFP known as the Pakhtunistan movement.
		There are also numerous Afghan refugee camps in the NWFP, owing to its proximity to Afghanistan.
	www.bucyrus.us /project/wikipedia/index.php/NWFP (500 words)

	pakhtunistan
		PAKHTUNISTAN LINK TO-The National Inventors Hall of Fame
		PAKHTUNISTAN LINK TO-4000 Years of Women in Science
		PAKHTUNISTAN LINK TO-National Wildlife PAKHTUNISTAN LINK TO-Federation's Homepage
	www.geocities.com /ajabkhan/referance.htm (107 words)

	Use of Force by Arthur Mark Weisburd
		At the time of the partition of British India in 1947, Afghanistan had challenged its border with Pakistan, known as the Durand Line, claiming the border between the two states should rest instead on the Indus River.
		In September 1960, Afghanistan's push for an independent Pakhtunistan led it to bribe the ruler of one of the small states within Pakistan to attack one of his feudatories.
		One may speculate that this stand was at least partly motivated by the hostility to Pakistan, which had aligned itself with the United States in the Cold War.
	www.psupress.org /Justataste/samplechapters/JustaTasteWeisburd.html (1466 words)

	What Do You Support? And Why? (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		A wide diversity is lurking in the ranks of Pakhtuns at large in visualizing their course of action and depiction of their cherished goals in the prevalent socio-political strategies.
		There have been hot discussions undertaken by different schools of thought regarding “Greater Afghanistan”, “Independent Pakhtunistan”, autonomous Pakhtunkhwa Soba within Pakistan, and yet some are adamant to advocate the” Status-Quo” in the larger interest of the “Pakistani nation”.
		This school of thought espouses the belief of integrating the pakhtuns of the Northern Pakhtunkhwa (NWFP) and Southern Pakhtunkhwa (Baluchistan) to carve-out an independent state of pakhtunistan.
	www.khyberwatch.com /viewpoint1.htm (875 words)

	Hayatabad.com
		The senior minister had promised the formation of the committee on a demand of Qurban Ali for renaming the NWFP during a recent session of the provincial assembly.
		Various names have been proposed including Abasin, Afghania, Pakhtunkhwa, Pakhtunistan and Khyber while certain circles were also supporting the present name of the province.
		However, the senior minister has asked the committee to consult assembly members as well as people from cross section of life and public opinion leaders to propose a consensus name that will later be tabled at assembly floor in shape of bill for approval.
	www.hayatabad.com (182 words)

	Forums - The Indians want to re-launch Pakhtoonistan issue (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		There are no signs of a revival of a Pakhtunistan movement.
		The only open challenge is from the extremist groups who do not recognise any borders and would carve a Taliban state anywhere they could.
		Cause for Pakhtunistan issue has less to do with politics.
	www.satribune.com /thread.jsp?forum=3&thread=114 (929 words)

	Arc of Crisis: Pakistan Timeline (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		Pakistan emerged as the end result of the conflict over sovereignty and power sharing between the Muslim and Hindu communities of post-colonial India.
		Established on August 14 1947, it shared half of the Punjab region with India, half of Baluchistan with Iran, and another region called Pakhtunistan stretching to the southeast of Afghanistan.
		The East Bengali region that is separated from the rest of the country by 1,500 km of Indian land was also accepted as Pakistani territory.
	journalism.berkeley.edu /projects/arccrisis/pakkash-timeline.html (155 words)

	Afghanistan. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001-05
		The Pathans were only offered the choice of joining Pakistan or joining India; they chose the former.
		In 1955, Afghanistan urged the creation of an autonomous Pathan state, Pushtunistan (Pakhtunistan).
		The issue subsided in the late 1960s but was revived by Afghanistan in 1972 when Pakistan was weakened by the loss of its eastern wing (now Bangladesh) and the war with India.
	www.bartleby.com /65/af/Afghanis.html (2936 words)

	Pakistan Link Headlines (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		The Federally Administered Tribal Areas (FATA) should cease to exist as a separate political entity.
		It should be merged with the North West Frontier Province (NWFP) and the new entity should be given the name of Pakhtunistan.
		A three tier political structure with representative institutions at the federal, provincial and district level should be adopted.
	www.pakistanlink.com /headlines/Feb/25/09.html (405 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		Pakhtuns have been struggling for decades to have our right and freedom to live in our land.
		Pakhtunistan is literaly split in half between Afghanistan and Pakistan.
		Pakhtunistan.com is a project to establish a common platform for all the Pakhtuns around the world, to communicate, educate and effectively interact with eachother, breaking the physicall boundaries of regions, through the super-highway medium, the Internet.
	www.pakhtunistan.com (248 words)

	Guardian \| Pakistan is in danger of falling apart
		Padshah Khan spent the 1960s and 1970s struggling in vain for a union with the equally disgruntled Pathans in Afghanistan to form a new state - Pakhtunistan, straddling the Durand Line (the hated frontier drawn up by the British in 1893 which broke the tribes in two).
		But the Pakhtun nationalist spirit survived his death in 1988, and has mutated into a very different Islamist form under a variety of Taliban-like groups such as the Jamiat Ulema i-Islam (JUI).
		If, as seems quite possible, Afghanistan breaks up in the aftermath of the American assault, with the Tajik Northern Alliance controlling the north, and a Pathan post-Taliban successor state taking the south, then demands for the creation of Pakhtunistan can only gain momentum.
	www.guardian.co.uk /print/0,3858,4283025-103677,00.html (769 words)

	Pakistan in the shadow of war against terrorism
		Gen Zia-ul-Haque, in presence of us who visited in a delegation in 1988, boastfully said that he had attempted to impose Sharia law in what was once known to be a moderate country.
		Since the partition of the subcontinent governments in Kabul have been in favour of Badsha Khan (Gaffar Khan) in support of his demand for Pakhtunistan.
		Only recently one of the Pakhtun leaders confided with me and clarified that their demand is to rename the province of NWFP as Pakhtunistan.
	www.freerepublic.com /focus/fr/614733/posts (2103 words)

	Strategic Depth, Strategic Assets and the Changing Dynamics of Pakistan’s Kashmir Game Plan
		Have I underplayed the Pakhtunistan angle which some claimed to be the other defensive rationale for Depth?
		When the Soviets invaded Afghanistan in 1979, leaving a hostile superpower friendly with India right on Pakistan’s western doorstep, Islamabad regurgitated the spectre of Abdul Ghaffar Khan’s struggle for a separate Pakhtunistan uniting Pakistan’s NWFP and Pushtun areas across the Durand Line.
		The quest for a ‘friendly government’ in Kabul was presented by the Zia regime as a preventive to separatism in Pakistan’s frontier areas and ipso facto an act of national self-defense.
	www.kashmirherald.com /featuredarticle/strategicdepth-prn.html (1035 words)

	DAWN - Letters; 28 February, 2005
		There has been a longstanding demand by our nationalist friends up north for the renaming of the North West Frontier Province, which is indeed an odd name, compared to those of our other provinces.
		They seek to call it "Pakhtunistan" or "Pakhtunkhawa" on the basis of the Pathan or Pakhtun ethnic majority of the province.
		However, most Pakistanis, including many from the NWFP itself, are opposed to this because they are wary of the traditional pro- Kabul stance of the nationalists who are perceived to identify more with Afghanistan than with Pakistan.
	www.dawn.com /2005/02/28/letted.htm (2778 words)

	The Nation
		It begins by saying: ‘Pakistan’s future will depend in large part on its relations with its neighbours, especially India and Afghanistan’.
		We have had a long dispute with Afghanistan over the Durand Line and on what was being termed its idea of ‘Pakhtunistan’.
		Neither of these affected Pakistan’s future then, nor are they likely to affect Pakistan now, both planks having been buried long ago.
	www.nation.com.pk /daily/dec-2004/6/columns2.php (786 words)

	e-Ariana - Todays Afghan News
		History tells us that whenever strong Pathan leaders ascended in Kabul, they raised the banner of independent Pakhtunistan or Greater Afghanistan.
		The Afghan irredentism on the question of Pakhtunistan goes as far back as 250 years ago.
		The rulers at Kandahar and Kabul have always been eyeing Peshawar as part of their kingdom.
	www.e-ariana.com /ariana/eariana.nsf/allDocs/C3A5D77AABB7EE2D87256D9B0072F15D?OpenDocument (1027 words)

	HIMAL SOUTH ASIAN
		There have in the past been incipient if ineffective movements for a union with the Pashtoons in Afghanistan to form “Pakhtunistan”, straddling the Durand Line—the hated frontier drawn up by the British in 1893, which broke the tribal homeland into two.
		It must surely be a matter of concern to both Islamabad and Washington that if Afghanistan breaks up in the aftermath of the American assault, with the multi-ethnic Northern Alliance controll-ing the north, and a Pashtoon post-Taliban successor state taking the south, then demands for the crea-tion of Pakhtunistan can only gain momentum.
		For the present that remains a distant possibility largely because Pashtoon nationalism in Pakistan has over the years mutated into a primarily Islamist form under a variety of Taliban-like groups like the radical Jamiat-Ulema-Islam.
	www.himalmag.com /november2001/report_1.htm (1945 words)

	Muslimedia.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		As if all this were not enough, the Americans are now demanding that Islamabad must prevent the alleged Taliban attacks from Pakistani territory.
		In the long run it threatens to rekindle the dormant demand for "Pakhtunistan" or even of "Greater Afghanistan." For decades an unholy alliance of Russia and India had fostered this ambition.
		The Soviet invasion of Afghanistan and the subsequent struggle against it buried such irredentist tendencies.
	www.muslimedia.com /archives/world03/pak-hiprice.htm (1572 words)

	tdaxp : Core India and Gap Pakistan
		Our struggle is to unite these areas into one province (independant Pakhtunistan or Pakhtunkhwa) and if pakistan continues discrimination, then azad or a seperate homeland for pakhtuns or otherwise Greater Afghanistan.
		The Afghans living in Pakhtunistan for more than fifty years as pakistanis forget their AFGHAN identity and hence came up with the name pakhtun and pakhtunistan or pakhtunkhwa (a name used by Afghan king Ahmad Shah Abdali while he was in India.)
		I agree that the borders of the Sub-Continent are largely arbitrary.
	tdaxp.blogspirit.com /archive/2005/02/16/core_india_and_gap_pakistan.html (1587 words)

	PakDef Forums - Afghanistan Claims Quetta And Peshawar
		Reference to Pakhtunistan and the Durand Line always crops up whenever there is tension between Afghanistan and Pakistan as happened recently.
		A result of a lot of misunderstanding and bungling by the bureaucracy over these issues, the NWFP is the only place on earth that has no name.
		My personal opinion is that the only way to kill the Pakhtunistan bogey is for Pakistan and Afghanistan to trade with each other for mutual benefit and not to interfere with the internal affairs of the Pakhtun tribal society, either directly or on behalf of any other power.
	www.pakdef.info /forum/showthread.php?t=4474 (3867 words)

	Tomfolio.com: History: Asia, Afghanistan
		Azad Pakhtunistan Association of America Pakhtunistan Day: 9th of Sunbola, 1328 A.H. Publisher: Azad Pakhtunistan Association of America, Sacramento, CA, nd [ca 1949];.
		This day is celebrated throughout Pakhtunistan, in Afghanistan, and by Pakhtuns in India, Australia and the United States of America, to mark the occasion when the flag of Independent Pakhtunistan was first hoisted in 1949." Pakhtun is now more often written Paxtun, or Pashtun.
		"Pakhtunistan is the territory between the border of Afghanistan and the natural and historical border of the Indian sub-continent-- the River Indus." The partition of India and creation of Pakistan separated the Pashtuns, who are of course on both sides of the Afghanistan/ Pakistan border.
	www.tomfolio.com /bookssub.asp?subid=3593 (2380 words)

	Security Research Review: Volume 1(1) Khan Abdul Gaffar Khan - Gayatri Srinivasan
		Gaffar Khan married twice, once in 1912, he and is wife were proud parents of two sons Ghani and Wali, who later proved to be patriotic sons of Pakhtunistan.
		In this environment, Gaffar Khan had the vision to see that education and learning would be the first step to remove Pathan from this misery.
		That is why we said that if there was to be a referendum at all, it should be on the question of Pakhtunistan or Pakistan.
	www.bharat-rakshak.com /SRR/Volume11/gayatri.html (5207 words)

	Afghanland.com Afghanistan Loya Jirga
		In July 1941, Zahir Shah convened Loya Jirga to deliberate upon the Afghan position vis-a-vis Second World War.
		Another Loya Jirga during the Prime Ministership of Sardar Daoud Khan in November 1955, which raised the issue of Pakhtunistan under the conditions that Pakistan had come into being as inheritor of all British rights and obligations in the area.
		Daoud Khan also called Loya Jirga in February 1977 to legitimise his rule, pass new constitution, elect new president, get approval for launching of his national revolutionary party and ratify some laws and agreements reached with other countries.
	www.afghanland.com /history/loyajirga.html (1034 words)

	Procrastination: Pakistan and Afghanistan (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		There used to be this idea called Pashtunistan (or Pakhtunistan), an independent state for all the Pashtuns in Afghanistan and Pakistan.
		Afganistan’s government, especially under the Prime Ministership of Sardar Daud (who later overthrew his cousin King Zahir Shah in 1973), helped the Pakhtunistan cause quite diligently.
		Conrad: There was a time when Pakhtunistan movement was strong and Islamabad was afraid.
	www.zackvision.com /weblog/archives/entry/000374.html (2015 words)

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