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Topic: Pakistan Constitution of 1973

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	Constitution of Pakistan - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Supreme Court of Pakistan upheld the action of the Governor General, arguing that he had the power to disband the Constituent Assembly and veto legislation it passed.
		This constitution represented a compromise consensus on three issues: the role of Islam; the sharing of power between the federal government and the provinces; and the division of responsibility between the president and the prime minister, with a greatly strengthened position for the latter.
		Fourteenth Amendment to the Constitution of Pakistan which institutionalized party discipline, diminishing the ability of the legislature to dismiss a Prime Minister by Confidence Voting, especially if the Prime Minister is also the leader of a party that has a majority rather than just a plurality.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Constitution_of_Pakistan (744 words)

	India LOCAL GOVERNMENT
		The specific powers and spheres of influence of these states are set forth in the constitution, with all residual or non-specified powers in the hands of the central government (the reverse of the US Constitution).
		The constitution gives the president the power—on the advice of the prime minister—to dissolve a state legislature and dismiss a state government if no party commands the support of a majority or if the state's constitutional machinery is incapable of maintaining order.
		Termed as "President's Rule" in the constitution, this power derives from a provision for "Governor's Rule" in the Government of India Act of 1935 and survives in the Pakistan constitution of 1973 in that form.
	www.nationsencyclopedia.com /Asia-and-Oceania/India-LOCAL-GOVERNMENT.html (649 words)

	History of Pakistan - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Prior to the 8th century Pakistan was dominated by native rulers in the east and the Sassanid Persians in the west.
		Pakistan fought a war by proxy against the Communists in Afghanistan in the Soviet-Afghan War, greatly contributing to the eventual withdrawal of Soviet forces from Afghanistan.
		Pakistan continues to be involved in a dispute over Kashmir, with allegations of support of terrorist groups being leveled against Pakistan by India, while Pakistan charges that the Indian government abuses human rights in its use of military force in the region.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/History_of_Pakistan (9437 words)

	Pakistan - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Pakistan was formed on 14 August 1947 with two Muslim-majority wings in the eastern and northwestern regions of South Asia, separated by Hindu-majority India, and comprising the provinces of Balochistan, East Bengal, the North-West Frontier Province, West Punjab and Sindh.
		The Constitution of 1973, suspended in 1977 by Zia-ul-Haq, was re-instated in 1991 and is the country's most important document, laying the foundations of government.
		Pakistan covers 880,254 square kilometres (339,867 sq mi.), approximately the combined land areas of France and the United Kingdom, with its eastern regions located on the Indian tectonic plate and the western and northern regions on the Iranian plateau and Eurasian landplate.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Pakistan (5071 words)

	Pakistan (12/05)
		Pakistan emerged from an extended period of agitation by Muslims in the subcontinent to express their national identity free from British colonial domination as well as domination by what they perceived as a Hindu-controlled Indian National Congress.
		Accordingly, on August 14, 1947 Pakistan, comprising West Pakistan with the provinces of Punjab, Sindh, Balochistan, and the Northwest Frontier Province (NWFP), and East Pakistan with the province of Bengal, became independent.
		Pakistan's economic prospects began to increase significantly due to unprecedented inflows of foreign assistance at the end of 2001.
	www.state.gov /r/pa/ei/bgn/3453.htm (7940 words)

	Government of Pakistan
		The Pakistan Constitution of 1973, amended substantially in 1985 under Zia ul-Haq, was suspended by the military government in October 1999.
		According to the constitution, Pakistan is a federation of four provinces: Baluchistan, the North-West Frontier Province (NWFP), Punjab, and Sindh.
		Pakistan maintains an embassy in the United States at 3517 International Court NW, Washington, DC 20008 (tel.
	infotut.com /geography/Pakistan/Government (1507 words)

	The Constitution of 1973 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		The most prominent characteristic of this Constitution was that it accommodated proposals from the opposition parties and hence almost all the major political parties of the country accepted it.
		The Constitution guaranteed a right to the citizens; to be protected by law, and imposed two duties on them, loyalty to the Republic and obedience to the law.
		The Constitution recognized Islam as the religion of the country and enjoined upon the State to serve the cause of Islam and to bring all existing laws in conformity with Islam.
	www.storyofpakistan.com /articletext.asp?artid=A072 (772 words)

	National Security Council:
		The NSC shall derive its authority from the constitution of Pakistan.
		Pakistan is already victim of many kind of governance drawbacks — brutal political messiahs, liberal jargons of authoritarian leadership, corrupt institutions, etc. The establishment of NSC increases the political problems in the state.
		Notably, Article 238 of the 1973 Constitution states that the constitution may be amended by the act of Majlis-e-Shoora (Parliament).
	www.defencejournal.com /2002/march/political.htm (2621 words)

	Pakistan Government Information
		The Pakistan Constitution of 1973, amended substantially in 1985 under Muhammad Zia ul-Haq, was suspended by the military government in October 1999.
		The events of September 11, 2001 and Pakistan's quick agreement to support the United States led to a waiving of the sanctions, and military assistance resumed to provide spare parts and equipment to enhance Pakistan's capacity to police its western border.
		Pakistan maintains an embassy in the United States at 2315 Massachusetts Avenue, N.W., Washington, DC 20008 (Tel.
	www.traveldocs.com /pk/govern.htm (731 words)

	Pakistan Link - Nayyer Ali
		America’s constitution dates from 1789, when the former colonies agreed on a strong central government rather than the loose confederation that had existed since the defeat of the British in 1781.
		But Pakistan also has the office of the President, who is elected to a five-year term by the votes of the National Assembly and a weighted vote of the Provincial Assemblies.
		It is not Pakistan’s lack of a decent prescription that has prevented it from having political health, but rather its failure to take the medicine.
	www.pakistanlink.com /nayyer/05182001.html (886 words)

	Pakistan Link Headlines
		Critics insist the deal, which amends the constitution to give the General the power to sack the prime minister and disband parliament by decree of the higher judiciary in Pakistan.
		The ARD rejected the bill saying that constitutional procedure was not adopted for the passage of the Bill in both the houses of the parliament.
		The 17th Amendment Bill, through an amendment in Article 41 of the Constitution, provides for a vote of confidence in the incumbent President by the Parliament and provincial assemblies and authorises the federal government to frame rules and procedure for the purpose.
	www.pakistanlink.com /headlines/jan04/01/08.html (1031 words)

	The Constitution of Pakistan
		The Constitution of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan
		A major debate is underway on whether the amendments made to the Constitution by the Legal Framework Order (issued by General Pervez Musharraf on August 21, 2002) are valid.
		The Constitution is "in abeyance" as of October 12, 1999.
	www.pakistani.org /pakistan/constitution (497 words)

	rediff.com: G Parthasarathy on the politics of Pervez Musharraf
		By a series of amendments to Pakistan's constitution of 1973, General Musharraf has proclaimed himself president and chief of army staff for five years with effect from the date that his electoral process is completed.
		The Pakistan Muslim League has traditionally had a large number of feudals who are ever ready to join hands with any military dictator and use the official machinery to ensure their electoral success.
		Pakistan is headed for an uncertain and turbulent political future.
	www.rediff.com /news/2002/sep/12gp.htm (1177 words)

	Pakistan Christian Post
		In the Constitution of Pakistan 1973, we see many discriminations as well as in the Federal and Provincial Laws and many account less discrimination are found.
		When every citizen is equal before Law, but according to the Article 42(2) of the Constitution 1973, the President, Chief of Army Staff etc. shall only be Muslim while Christians cannot be pointed on these high official posts which is against the principles of equality and natural justice.
		This ordinance is applicable to all the citizens of Pakistan.
	www.pakistanchristianpost.com /articledetails.php?artid=322 (1170 words)

	Pakistani Constitution and Qadianis
		By a unanimous decision of the elected representatives of the supreme law-making body of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan, the Constitution of 1973 was amended by the Constitution (Second Amendment) Act, 1974 (Act XLIX of 1974) to amend Article 106 and Article 260 thereof.
		In implementation of the constitutional fiat, which was disregarded with impunity by the Qadianis, they have been restrained by the impugned ordinance from directly or indirectly calling or posing themselves as Muslims or calling their faith as Islam.
		The challenge for Mubahila is given to the Pakistan leadership at all levels, in the government, in the judiciary, among the ulema, the politicians, and other influential people and leaders of various groups.
	alhafeez.org /rashid/constipak2.html (9286 words)

	JI Media Digest: HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT OF CONSTITUTION
		The question arises as to the intention of the Makers of the Constitution by declaring that "Islam shall be the State Religion of Pakistan".
		It is inherent in itself (see American Constitution) that any law which is repugnant to any provision of the Constitution is void and the fundamental rights being also part and parcel of the Constitution the same rule will apply to them without making a specific provision for the same.
		Articles 199 to 203 of the Constitution of 1962 provided for the formation of the Council of Islamic Ideology, its constitution, appointment of its members and term of their office, as well as that of the Chairman.
	www.jamaat.org /digest/constitution.html (11496 words)

	Pakistani Constitution and Qadianis
		Article 106 dealt with the constitution of Provincial Assemblies which specified the number of Members to be elected for the Assemblies, their qualifications and also the additional seats in those Assemblies reserved for non-Muslims i.e.
		With utter disregard of the Constitutional Amendments and knowing well the snag in the law, and the absence of any legislation, they carried out their apostasy campaign in full swing in Pakistan with a new program and fresh vigor.
		That this Ordinance was necessitated a full decade after the 1974 Constitutional Amendment which declared the Qadianis to be non-Muslims through a vote of the popularly elected National Assembly clearly underlines the lacuna and the dichotomies on an issue which agitates the people’s minds.
	alhafeez.org /rashid/constipak1.html (4755 words)

	Bhutto, Sharif vow to restore 1973 Constitution in Pakistan - Sify.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		Under the charter, Bhutto, leader of Pakistan People’s Party and Sharif, leader of the Muslim League (N) vowed to revive the 1973 Constitution, respect each others political mandate and prevent the military from overthrowing future civilian governments.
		According to the charter’s provisions, the PML-N and PPP have vowed to revive the 1973 Constitution and retain some non-controversial clauses of the Legal Framework Order inserted in the constitution by President Pervez Musharraf.
		It said politicians who desert their parties should be called back conditionally but those who backed the military’s policies and wanted it to reign supreme should not be taken back.
	sify.com /news/fullstory.php?id=14204329 (519 words)

	:: The Constitution of Pakistan, 1973 ::
		The text of the constitution reproduced with all the ammendments therein including those introduced by the LFO, 2002 and the Const.
		Leading and Latest cases on Articles 1 to 5 of the Constitution of Pakistan, 1973.
		Text of the Constitution, 1973 with leading and/or latest cases
	www.pakistanconstitution-law.com (168 words)

	February_3
		1870 - The 15th Amendment to the United States Constitution is passed.
		Former Secretary of State Caleb Powers was later found guilty in a conspiracy to kill Goebel.
		1913 - The 16th Amendment to the United States Constitution is ratified, authorizing the Federal government to impose and collect income tax.
	www.brainyencyclopedia.com /encyclopedia/f/fe/february_3.html (1225 words)

	Pakistan Times \| PT Wire: MMA, ARD agree on revival of Pakistan's 1973 Constitution
		PT Wire: MMA, ARD agree on revival of Pakistan's 1973 Constitution
		ISLAMABAD: The Alliance for Restoration of Democracy (ARD) and Muttahida Majlis-e-Amal (MMA) on Wednesday agreed that the 1973 constitution should be restored as it was on October 12, 1999.
		The top leadership of the two alliances met at the residence of PML-N Chairman Raja Zafarul Haq for almost three hours.
	www.pakistantimes.net /2005/02/24/top13.htm (129 words)

	Orders affecting the Constitution of Pakistan - (1977-1985)
		These are Orders issued during the Martial Law regime of General Muhamad Zia-ul-Haq.
		Martial Law was imposed on July 5, 1977, and officially lifted on December 30, 1985.
		The Orders presented here amended or otherwise affected the status of the Constitution of Pakistan.
	www.pakistani.org /pakistan/constitution/orders (77 words)

	WorldLII - Categories - Countries - Pakistan - Legislation
		Information on Islamic law, Islamic banking law and the laws of Pakistan (statutes and judgments) Books and other material can also be downloaded freely
		Constitution of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan [Search
		This site contains the full text of 1973 Constitution of Pakistan.
	www.worldlii.org /catalog/3084.html (348 words)

	GeographyIQ - World Atlas - Middle East - Pakistan - Government and Political Conditions
		The Pakistan Muslim League (PML) and the Pakistan People's Party (PPP) are national political parties, while the Muttahid Majlis-e-Amal (MMA) --an umbrella group of six religious parties, including the Jamaat-I-Islami --gained significant influence during the last election.
		After the elections held in late 2002, the Pakistani political system remains highly fragmented, with no group winning a substantial majority of seats in the legislature, and religious groups banding together in the MMA to earn a very significant
		For comments and feedback, write to us at info@GeographyIQ.com.
	www.geographyiq.com /countries/pk/Pakistan_government_summary.htm (382 words)

	Pakistan.Gov.pk - The Official Web Gateway to the Government of Pakistan (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		Pakistan.Gov.pk - The Official Web Gateway to the Government of Pakistan
		To protect the rights of minorities as envisaged under the Constitution of Pakistan, 1973, the Minorities Wing of former Ministry of Minorities, Culture, Sports, Tourism and Youth Affairs was upgraded as a full-fledged Ministry in September 2004.
		Since then the Ministry is working for the betterment and uplift of various religious minorities in Pakistan.
	www.pakistan.gov.pk /ministries/ContentListing.jsp?MinID=33&cPath=519_520 (74 words)

	April 10 Events in History
		April 10, 1986 Benazir Bhutto returns to Pakistan
		April 10, 1973 BEA flight to Basel Switz, crashes on landing, killing 104 of 143
		April 10, 1973 Kansas City opens its new park, Royals Stadium, with 12-1 rout of Rangers
	www.brainyhistory.com /days/april_10.html (2007 words)

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