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Topic: Pakistan Muslim League N

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Politics of Pakistan

Nawaz Sharif

	Encyclopedia: West Pakistan (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Pakistan was created, and gained independence on August 14 1947 following the end of British rule over the subcontinent, in order to form a separate Muslim nation.
		The 1971 conflict included a full-fledged conflict with Pakistan and India's navy was engaged in blockading the West Pakistani port of Karachi thousands of miles from the the epicentre of East Pakistan.
		With the independence of East Pakistan, this province was abolished and the previous territorial organization was reestablished.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/West-Pakistan (1101 words)

	Pakistan - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Pakistan was an ally of the United States for much of its early history as a modern nation-state, from the 1950s and as a member of CENTO and SEATO.
		Pakistan, a developing country, is the sixth most populous in the world and is faced with a number of challenges on the political and economic fronts.
		Pakistan's religious demographics were altered by the partition of British India, which led to the fleeing of 7 million Muslims into Pakistan from India and 6 million Hindus and Sikhs from Pakistan to India and led to a larger Muslim majority than had previously existed.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Pakistan (5470 words)

	History of Pakistan
		Pakistan then launched an active military and diplomatic campaign to undo the accession, which it maintained was secured by fraud.
		The bifurcated Pakistan that existed from August 1947 to December 1971 was composed of two parts, or wings, known as East Pakistan and West Pakistan, separated by 1,600 kilometers of Indian territory.
		Pakistan has, along with Afghanistan, become one of the world's leading producers of heroin, supplying a reported 20 to 40 percent of the heroin consumed in the United States and 70 percent of that consumed in Europe.
	motherearthtravel.com /pakistan/history.htm (5766 words)

	AllRefer.com - Pakistan - Muslim League in Pakistan \| Pakistani Information Resource
		The Muslim League was founded in 1906 as the All-India Muslim League to protect the interests of Muslims in British India and to counter the political growth of the Indian National Congress, founded in 1885.
		Under the leadership of Mohammad Ali Jinnah, the Muslim League adopted the Lahore Resolution (often referred to as the "Pakistan Resolution") in March 1940 and successfully spearheaded the movement for the creation of an independent homeland for Indian Muslims.
		The Muslim League was further weakened by the constitutional impasse in the 1950s resulting from difficulties in resolving questions of regional representation as well as the problem of reaching a consensus on Islamic issues.
	reference.allrefer.com /country-guide-study/pakistan/pakistan112.html (700 words)

	Articles - Pakistan (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Main article: Foreign Relations of Pakistan Pakistan was an ally of the United States for much of its early history as a modern nation-state, from the 1950s and as a member of CENTO and SEATO.
		B ecause of Pakistan's high growth rate, it is expected to overtake Brazil in population before 2025.
		Pakistan has a small non-Muslim population, mostly consisting of 2.5% Christians, with 1.2% Hindus, Buddhists, Zoroastrians, Sikhs, Jews, and Animists (mainly the Kalash in Chitral).
	www.centralairconditioners.net /articles/Pakistan (4839 words)

	iafrica.com \| news \| world news Musharraf wants war against extremism
		Pakistan's President Pervez Musharraf on Saturday urged lawmakers and his compatriots to launch a holy war to eradicate extremism from Pakistani society.
		Musharraf said it was alleged that Pakistan's tribal territory was a source of terrorism in Afghanistan and there were also accusations of terrorism on the Line of Control in Kashmir.
		Pakistan has faced accusations that some of its scientists were involved in handing nuclear technology over to North Korea, Iran and Libya.
	iafrica.com /news/worldnews/296899.htm (622 words)

	Political Parties in Pakistan
		Pakistan was partitioned as the year 1970 came to a close, and the independent state of Bangladesh born in 1971.
		The main challenger to the PPP, the PML, inherits the legacy of the Muslim League, the party which dominated the pre-1947 struggle for the creation of Pakistan on the basis of a separate homeland for the Indian Muslims, where their economic, religious and political rights could be protected.
		During the years before military intervention, the Muslim League had struggled to combat internal strife within its own ranks, and faced opposition, notably in the minority provinces from more radical, regional parties, as well as confronting the ideological confusion over a future course of direction which followed the creation of Pakistan.
	www.hrcpelectoralwatch.org /partyprofiles.cfm (5691 words)

	Pakistan Times \| Top Stories: Pakistan Muslim League (N) Leader Bin Yamin Rizvi Assassinated
		LAHORE: A leader of Pakistan Muslim League (N), Pir Bin Yamin Rizvi was put to death with fire in Lahore Saturday.
		PML (N) spokesman Zaeem Qadri says that the party leader was heading home from the party office after performing routine organizational responsibilities when two motorcyclists armed with sophisticated weapons intercepted the vehicle near Hostel No.4 and opened indiscriminate fire.
		The PML (N) leader is survived by a widow, three daughters and a son.
	www.pakistantimes.net /2004/06/27/top1.htm (462 words)

	Pakistan Muslim League (Nawaz) ? PML (N)
		Pakistan Muslim League (Nawaz) — PML (N) After touring the country and addressing gatherings in different cities, Zulfikar Ali Bhutto announced on 17th September 1967 that be had decided to form a new political party: Pakistan Peoples Party.
		Pakistan Peoples Party was founded in a convention in Lahore on 30 November 1967.
		The PML (N) is still led by the Sharif family, although their exile in Saudi Arabia and the Saudis’ restrictions on their political activities have effectively cut them out of the elections.
	www.globalsecurity.org /military/world/pakistan/pml.htm (671 words)

	Pakistan Politics
		Bhutto’s People’s Party of Pakistan (PPP), under the banner of the People’s Party of Pakistan Parliamentarians (PPPP), and Sharif’s Pakistan Muslim League (Nawaz) [PML (N)] are contesting elections and hope to draw upon residual support for the exiled leaders.
		The Sipah-e-Sahaba Pakistan, led by the slain Azam Tariq, was reincarnated as Millat-e-Islamia Pakistan.
		Pakistan significantly increased its military operations and pacification efforts in tribal areas along the Afghanistan border in 2004.
	www.globalsecurity.org /military/world/pakistan/politics.htm (2332 words)

	Human Rights Watch World Report 2003: Asia: Pakistan
		The All Pakistan Minorities Alliance and the National Commission for Justice and Peace condemned the attacks, asserting that Pakistan's Christians were being victimized for Pakistan's alliance with the U.S. The massacre was followed by a three-day mourning and protest, organized by Christian groups in Pakistan.
		In February 2002, however, Pakistan closed its southern border crossing at Chaman, trapping an estimated twenty to forty thousand refugees, at least half of whom were ethnic Pashtuns fleeing harassment, between the borders of southwestern Pakistan and southeastern Afghanistan.
		The Human Rights Commission of Pakistan continued to be the standard-bearer in calling for the restoration of democracy in Pakistan and in October issued a report on pre-poll rigging during the parliamentary elections.
	hrw.org /wr2k3/asia8.html (4157 words)

	Exportrådet - Landrapporter: Pakistan
		Pakistan bestod av två delar Västpakistan (nuvarande Pakistan) och Östpakistan som var separerade av 1600 km indiskt territorium.
		Pakistan har förklarat att man inte kommer att söka nya lån från IMF efter det att det nu pågående programmet upphör i september i år.
		Pakistans riksbank - State Bank of Pakistan (SBP) - sammanfattar i sin årsredovisning för budgetåret juli 2002 - juni 2003 (bå02/03) läget med att konstatera att en kombination av stark efterfrågeökning, förbättring av bytesbalansen, en sund makroekonomisk bas och lyckliga omständigheter bidragit till en acceleration på bred front av Pakistans ekonomi under det gångna budgetåret.
	www.swedishtrade.se /i_utlandet/landrapporter/pakistan.htm (5460 words)

	Muslim League on Encyclopedia.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		An early leader in the League, Muhammad Iqbal, was one of the first to propose (1930) the creation of a separate Muslim India.
		The Council Muslim League, which had brought about the founding of Pakistan, was virtually eliminated from the political scene in the elections of 1970.
		The Muslim League survived as a minor party in India after partition, and since 1988 has splintered into several groups, the most important of which is the Indian Union Muslim League.
	www.encyclopedia.com /html/M/MuslimL1e.asp (691 words)

	Asia Times
		The elections were widely criticized by civil-society and democratic elements within Pakistan, as well as by a range of independent international observers - including the European Union's Group of Observers - as being unfair and stage-managed by the military regime.
		The fact is, no political entity in Pakistan - and this includes the Musharraf dictatorship and the army - can effectively resist calls for Islamization and imposition of Sharia in the country, or any part of it.
		The Islamist parties have, certainly since Zia's time, been seen as the "natural allies" of the army, as against the democratic forces in the country, and this is an alliance that is yet to be questioned under the Musharraf regime.
	www.atimes.com /atimes/South_Asia/EF11Df03.html (869 words)

	Essential Background: Overview of human rights issues in Pakistan (Human Rights Watch, 31-12-2003)
		Pakistan's crackdown on press freedoms, at first limited to local journalists, appears to be expanding to the mainstream national and international media.
		If a woman cannot prove her rape allegation she runs a very high risk of being charged with fornication or adultery, the criminal penalty for which is either a long prison sentence and public whipping, or, though rare, death by stoning.
		Torture is used in Pakistan by military agencies primarily to "punish" politicians, political activists, and journalists who challenge the government's actions.
	hrw.org /english/docs/2003/12/31/pakist7008.htm (1099 words)

	Pakistan and Zimbabwe: a tale of two autocrats
		So obvious was the payoff to Pakistan that Commonwealth Secretary-General Don McKinnon felt the need to clumsily deny that politics or the US had played a role in the decision.
		The two-faced treatment of Pakistan and Zimbabwe once again exposes the bankrupt claims of Blair, Bush and Howard to be agents of democracy around the world.
		What the readmission of Pakistan to the Commonwealth confirms is that whether a head of state is condemned as a “dictator” or hailed as a “democrat” is determined solely by their political and strategic value to the major powers—above all, to Washington.
	www.wsws.org /articles/2004/may2004/comm-m26.shtml (1420 words)

	OneWorld South Asia Home / News - Pakistanis Protest Endless Detention of Former PM's Husband (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Pakistan Bar Council (PBC) vice-chairman Qazi Muhammad Anwar says Zardari is being kept in jail because the military rulers know Bhutto still enjoys public support.
		The Pakistan People's Party (PPP) leader in the Pakistani Senate and the party's deputy secretary-general, Raza Rabbani, has urged human rights organizations and the international community to take action against what he claims is a violation of the UN Human Rights Charter.
		For instance, Makhdoom Javed Hashmi, the president of the Alliance for Restoration of Democracy and acting president of the Pakistan Muslim League-N, of former prime minister Nawaz Sharif, is facing the charge of high treason.
	southasia.oneworld.net /article/view/79166/1 (1061 words)

	Sydasien, Pakistan (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Och inte heller den betydande grupp afghanska flyktingar som ännu befinner sig i Pakistan.
		Muslimer 96,68 proc (varav 95 proc sunni- och 5 proc shiamuslimer), hinduer 1,6 proc, kristna 1,3 proc.
		Vid den oblodiga militärkuppen i oktober 1999 avsatte han den folkvalde premiärministern Nawaz Sharif (Pakistan Muslim League – Nawaz), trots att denne vunnit en jordskredsseger i parlamentsvalet 1997.
	www.sydasien.m.se /pakistan.html (676 words)

	Pakistan Times \| Top Stories: PML-N Calls for Restoration of 73-Constitution
		He have had 'a lot of appreciation' for the PPP author n’ ex-Prime Minister of Pakistan, late Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto for ‘initiating a venture for making Pakistan a nuclear state’, which he said, was eventually ‘taken to a logical end by the ex-Premier, Mian Nawaz Sharif by setting off a process of nuclear devices’.
		The PML [N] chief who is leading an exiled life was critical of the CBMs of the present government for a direct interaction with India overtly for peace in the region n’ said: ‘those who opposed a face-to-face contact between Nawaz Sharif n’ AB Vajpayee ‘were now themselves giving too much concessions to belligerent India.’
		The PML (N) Chief urged the present government ‘to evade trends of being too much generous towards India’, as, what he envisioned ‘ New Delhi shall persist with its antagonistic mindset both towards Pakistan as well as the people of the Himalayan State for raising voice to seek their birth right of determination.’
	pakistantimes.net /2003/12/25/top7.htm (406 words)

	CBS News \| Pakistan Sees No Osama Nab Soon \| September 6, 2004 23:09:16
		Pakistan is a chief battleground in the U.S.-led war on terrorism.
		Pakistan has deployed about 70,000 troops along that border, hunting al Qaeda holdouts sheltering on Pakistani soil and ordering military offensives in areas where officials say foreign militants set up terrorist training camps.
		Pakistan was once a supporter of the Taliban regime.
	www.cbsnews.com /stories/2004/09/04/terror/main641190.shtml (826 words)

	The Politics of Religion in Pakistan: Islamic State or Shariía Rule by Hassan N. Gardezi \| 14 april 2003
		The Taliban militia that overran the strongholds of earlier mujahideen warlords in the mid-1990s and established the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan under Mulla Omar was mobilized from the religious schools (madrasas) of the JUI..
		Its precipitation in Afghanistan was greatly assisted by Pakistanís ISI, contributions of the American CIA to the anti-communist jehad and the influx of Arab jehadis as noted earlier.
		The 21st century Pakistan, except for the relative isolation of some tribal communities in NWFP and Balochistan, is very much exposed to the cultural influences of a global urban industrial civilization.
	www.sacw.net /new/Gardezi140403.html (3009 words)

	Wide Angle . The Rock Star and the Mullahs \| PBS
		Some fear that Pakistan is likely to become a Taliban-style state, run by hard-line mullahs, where rifle-toting bearded men will dominate the streets and women will be forced to don burqas.
		Pakistan returns to military rule after General Pervez Musharraf overthrows the government of Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif in a bloodless coup.
		So in October 2002, when Pakistan held its first general elections three years after the military coup that brought army chief General Pervez Musharraf to power, Pathans decided to show their rejection of Islamabad's policies by voting for the religious forces opposed to increasing U.S. influence in the nation.
	www.pbs.org /wnet/wideangle/shows/junoon/index.html (672 words)

	Pakistan News
		Pakistan News continually updated from thousands of sources around the net.
		Pakistan is reconsidering its plan to buy scores of new and used American-made F-16 fighter jets following the devastating earthquake that killed 53,000 people, U.S. and Pakistani sources said on Tuesday.
		International relief officials are making a desperate appeal for cash for quake-ravaged Pakistan ahead of a key donor's conference, saying Tuesday that only weeks remain to reach hundreds of thousands of...
	www.topix.net /world/pakistan (1090 words)

	egov.ca - Muslim League (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Provincial Politics and the Pakistan Movement: the Growth Of the Muslim League in the North West and North East India 1937-1947
		ISLAMABAD: The Pakistan Muslim League-Nawaz (PML-N) on Tuesday claimed the military leadership of the country has failed to use the full potential of the armed forces in rescue and relief operations for the earthquake vic...
		LAHORE: The ruling Pakistan Muslim League (PML) has identified six priority-work areas and will coordinate with non-government organisations (NGOs) and civil society groups for relief and rehabilitation of the October 8 e...
	www.egov.ca /Muslim-League/reference/search (259 words)

	Pakistan: Entire Election Process "Deeply Flawed" (Human Rights Watch Press release, New York, October 9, 2002)
		Adams said it may be too late for this election to be conducted in a free and fair manner, but it was still crucial that election day, and the vote-counting process, remain free of intimidation and corruption.
		In its backgrounder, Human Rights Watch said that Pakistan's military government has employed a variety of legal and political tactics to control the process and outcome of the elections.
		The international community, and the United States in particular, have been reluctant to speak out forcefully on the issue of democratic reform in Pakistan in order to encourage Pakistan's continued support in the war against terrorism.
	www.hrw.org /press/2002/10/pakistan-1009.htm (862 words)

	iafrica.com \| news \| world news Pakistan parly to elect new head as PM quits
		Pakistan's parliament will elect a new leader of the house on Tuesday following prime minister Zafarullah Jamali's surprise resignation, officials said.
		President Pervez Musharraf accepted Jamali's resignation and summoned a special session of the National Assembly (lower house) on June 29 to elect a new leader of the house to replace the premier who also held the post, they said.
		He said his cabinet had been dissolved and Chaudhry Shujaat Hussain, president of the ruling Pakistan Muslim League (PML), has been nominated as his caretaker successor.
	iafrica.com /news/worldnews/331387.htm (536 words)

	Pakistan Times \| Top Stories: Opposition condemns bid on Musharraf's Life
		The government should take this attack as serious threat and those held responsible for this heinous crime must be taken to task as lesson for others, she said.
		On a point of order, Chaudhry Nisar Ali Khan who is also acting President of Pakistan Muslim League (N) also condemned the attack terming it 'a security lapse and inefficiency of responsible institutions'.
		He said that, 'the House will be incomplete if both the detained members belonging to PML (N) were not produced in the House.' He made request to the Chair for promise to issue Production Orders according to rule 90 of the Rules of Procedure and Conduct of Business of the National Assembly.
	pakistantimes.net /2003/12/27/top6.htm (454 words)

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