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Topic: Pakistani literature

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	Pakistani_literature_short_story_1
		On the eve of Independence in 1947, Pakistan inherited the common and shared tradition of Urdu literature that belonged to the literary culture of the Indian sub-continent.
		Literature was expected to have a new direction, though it was rather early to relate literature to any undefined expectation.
		It is a pathetic tale of dislocation, and projects the problem of exposure to foreign cultures in the life of Pakistani women.
	www.the-south-asian.com /Nov2004/Pakistani_literature_short_story_1.htm (1211 words)

	Pakistani literature - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Pakistani literature, that is, the literature of Pakistan, as a distinct literature came into being when Pakistan gained its nationhooood as a sovereign state in 1947.
		The common and shared tradition of Urdu literature and English literature of the Indian subcontinent was inherited by the new state.
		The nature of Pakistani literature soon after independence aroused controversy among writers due to its being centred heavily on the negative events related to the India-Pakistan partition.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Pakistani_literature (343 words)

	Literature (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		Literature is literally "an acquaintance with letters" (as in the first sense given in the Oxford English Dictionary), but has generally come to identify a collection of texts.
		For example, the works of Charles Dickens are perceived by almost everyone as being "literature", whereas the works of Jeffrey Archer tend to be looked down on as unworthy of inclusion under the general heading of English literature.
		Poetry is perhaps the oldest form of literature: The Sumerian Epic of Gilgamesh dates from around 3000 B.C.; the Bible and the works of Homer, the Iliad and the Odyssey.
	www.enlightenweb.net /l/li/literature_1.html (1993 words)

	ipedia.com: Literature Article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		Literature is literally "an acquaintance with letters" as in the first sense given in the Oxford English Dictionary; the term has, however, generally come to identify a collection of texts.
		Critics may exclude works from the classification "literature", for example, on the grounds of a poor standard of grammar and syntax, of an unbelievable or disjointed story-line, or of inconsistent or unconvincing characterss.
		Typically though, poetry as a form of literature makes some significant use of the formal properties of the words it uses — the properties attached to the written or spoken form of the words, rather than to their meaning.
	www.ipedia.com /literature_1.html (2376 words)

	Pakistani literature - Biocrawler (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		Since partition, Pakistani literature has referred to literature written in Pakistan.
		Much Pakistani literature is written in Urdu, but not all Urdu literature is or has been produced within the borders of Pakistan.
		Pakistani Literature: The Contemporary English Writers edited by Alamgir Hashmi (New York: World University Service, 1978; Islamabad: Gulmohar Press, 1987) (2nd ed.).
	www.biocrawler.com /encyclopedia/Pakistani_literature (199 words)

	Amardeep Singh: Pakistani writers: Questions of identity
		Muneeza Shamsie is also the mother of Kamila Shamsie (pictured right), who seems to be a bit of a prodigy, having published four novels by the age of 32.
		It's interesting she grants Zulfikar Ghose this status, since his only association with Pakistani nationality is the fact that he was born in Sialkot, and is a Muslim.
		In short, the category 'contemporary Pakistani writer in English' holds together as a kind of geopolitical marker, but perhaps it doesn't correspond to a real body of texts as well as it ought.
	www.lehigh.edu /~amsp/2005/08/pakistani-writers-questions-of.html (1746 words)

	Talk:Pakistani literature - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		I've made the page look as best I could, but I know absolutely nothing about Pakistani literature (which is why you must make an interesting article about it, to educate me).
		This article particularly needs to have the names of the most significant Pakistani writers, and their most important works.
		Section on poetry: considering the rich poetic history of Pakistan (in many languages not just Urdu) a summary of significant Pakistani poets and poetic traditions would be good.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Talk:Pakistani_literature (375 words)

	Information Sources on Pakistani Librarianship
		An index of articles on Pakistani librarianship published in various journals was prepared by Rubina Asghar as her master’s thesis [52].
		A directory of Pakistani libraries was compiled in Persian by Tasbihi which was published by Persian Research Centre, Iran and Pakistan [71].
		Although Pakistani librarianship is not very rich in information sources yet, in spite of all constraints in library research faced being a poor nation, it has a significant amount of literature.
	www.geocities.com /khalidmahmood/Isource.html (4549 words)

	World (Postcolonial) Literature in English
		The answer might be to approach literature on a global scale, through multilingual canon formation, based on selecting texts which stand out not only within their own linguistic traditions but also in a comparative context.
		Soyinka's monograph is an analysis of the interconnections of myth, ritual and literature in Africa.
		The section on West Indian literature is organized into short thematic chapters, dealing with themes like anti-imperialism and nationalism, the treatment of race, the theme of childhood, the treatment of women, the theme of migration, the Rastafarian, post-independence critiques, carnival, and calypso.
	www.library.rochester.edu /index.cfm?page=1767 (13590 words)

	New anthologies and bibliography of Pakistani literature published -DAWN - National; August 26, 2005
		The tradition helps the book trade to order titles and helps foreign academies, institutions and research bodies to consult and purchase Pakistani literature and also helps Pakistanis living outside the country to learn more about Pakistani literature.
		The PAL chief took special pleasure in referring to the book — Balochi Zaban aur Adab-Aik Jaiza — (A survey of Balochi language and literature) which has been included by Allama Iqbal Open University as a textbook in its Pakistani literature department.
		Balochi literature needed such patronage, he said, observing that Sindhi books had a ready market because of the language’s abundant appeal.
	www.dawn.com /2005/08/26/nat20.htm (464 words)

	New Immigrant Literatures in the United States — www.greenwood.com
		This reference is a comprehensive guide to immigrant literatures in the United States during the last five decades.
		Previously underrepresented groups, such as Pakistani Americans, Korean Americans, and Mexican Americans, are given special attention; and whenever possible, the volume discusses writings by immigrant women.
		Many of the contributors place immigrant literature within larger socio-cultural contexts, commenting on immigration policies, problems of language and translation, and work in new media, such as film and television.
	www.greenwood.com /books/bookdetail.asp?sku=GR8968 (523 words)

	Pakistan Peoples Party
		The rich heritage of Pakistani literature has not been fully disseminated within the country as well as abroad.
		Under the auspices of the Academy of Letters an ambitious plan of translating literature in Pakistani languages, national language and in the languages of the United Nations will be printed and through foreign missions and UNESCO its dissemination will be made possible.
		Literature produced in the Pakistani languages will be preserved, printed and disseminated through the help of various literary societies as well as the Academy of Letters.
	www.ppp.org.pk /manifesto/1997/chap18.htm (559 words)

	urdu
		A lot has been written in Pakistan about the Pakistani sensibility, directly and indirectly, from religious, cultural and aesthetic points of view, and it is still a live issue in Pakistan.
		In the midst of this confusion and controversy the Pakistani writer began producing an indigenous Pakistani literature.
		The literature which ultimately emerged was represented by Iqbal who conceived of literature and politics in terms of a spiritual renaissance.
	www.gowanusbooks.com /urdu.htm (2902 words)

	British keep a wary eye on Pakistan \| csmonitor.com
		History, empire, trade, immigration, literature, even cricket: the traffic - commercial, human, and cultural - between the two has strengthened every decade since Pakistan was carved out of British India in 1947.
		Rules were added preventing banned extremist groups from reforming under new names, cracking down on "hate literature" and requiring all madrassahs to register by year-end.
		On the positive side, the vestiges of empire have left a legacy of trade (Britain is the second largest investor in Pakistan), cross-cultural influence (from Pakistani literature in Britain to English sports in Pakistan), and migration (700,000 Pakistanis living in Britain).
	www.csmonitor.com /2005/0727/p01s01-woeu.html (1238 words)

	SACW \| 17 Oct 2004
		I would say that a reasonably good literature is being produced in Bangladesh, all of this in not world class but some of it is. For example Waliullah's first novel which was first published in 1948 was translated into English and French and was received very well.
		Pakistani literature does not find an audience in Bangladesh because there are very few translators who can translate from Urdu.
		Illustrating the growing sense of shared identity here in America, Pakistani and Indian cab drivers are seen uniting in a New York taxi strike as nuclear tests explode on their native subcontinent, threatening the outbreak of war.
	www.mail-archive.com /sacw@insaf.net/msg00205.html (6221 words)

	Hashmi
		Four Pakistani works of fiction published in 1990 may be considered as appropriate additions to the post-colonial work of the 1980s.1 The books to be considered as such are by Hanif Kureishi, Tariq Ali, Adam Zameenzad, and Athar Tahir.
		They generally portray a bleak social landscape both relieved and illuminated by the spot-light of satire and humour, role inversion, ideological revision and historical re-evaluation, as much as by narratives of displacement, allegorical or nightmare sequences, and an effort to find the right words for the situation.
		The Buddha of Suburbia is a gripping story, a contemporary socio-cultural reference which at least skims the surface, and a concern with human relationships and happiness that dominates all else.
	wwwmcc.murdoch.edu.au /ReadingRoom/litserv/SPAN/33/Hashmi.html (2638 words)

	Interview - Sara Suleri
		Furthermore, as the daughter of the eminent journalist Z.A. Suleri, she observed political events and political opinions being forged from close quarters and wove the story of Pakistan into her narrative.
		The book was remarkable for the quality of Suleri's prose and her use of metaphor to define chapters, and not only marked an important milestone in Pakistani English literature, but is now one of the classical texts of South Asian English literature.
		She went on to write a critical work The Rhetoric of English India (1992), a rather complicated work, which explores the way English writing was used to perceive and define the subcontinent, from the rhetoric of Edmund Burke to the fiction of Salman Rushdie.
	www.newsline.com.pk /NewsMar2004/book2Mar2004.htm (843 words)

	Literature from Nepal, India & Pakistan
		Sanskrit Buddhist literature embodies many texts which date from an antiquity as respectable as any of the Pali Buddhist literary texts.
		But though Pali Buddhism is studied vigorously, Sanskrit Buddhist literature is looked upon with suspicion.
		As a result, no systematic history of Buddhist literature in Sanskrit has appeared.
	www.pilgrimsbooks.com /literature.html (673 words)

	USATODAY.com - British keep a wary eye on Pakistan (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		History, empire, trade, immigration, literature, even cricket: the traffic — commercial, human and cultural — between the two has strengthened every decade since Pakistan was carved out of British India in 1947.
		Rules were added preventing banned extremist groups from reforming under new names, cracking down on "hate literature" and requiring all madrassahs to register by year-end.
		On the positive side, the vestiges of empire have left a legacy of trade (Britain is the second largest investor in Pakistan), cross-cultural influence (from Pakistani literature in Britain to English sports in Pakistan), and migration (700,000 Pakistanis living in Britain).
	www.usatoday.com /news/world/2005-07-26-pakistan-colony_x.htm (1172 words)

	Deepa Mehta's Earth (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		All but one of the short stories in this collection were originally written in English.
		Key texts written by Pakistani and Indian authors in their own language are also available in the UK.
		Many of these have been translated into English but the process of translation can effect the style and meaning of the original texts.
	www.filmeducation.org /secondary/Earth/literature.html (957 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		Unfortunately, minorities religious issues, and especially, religious issues of Pakistanis while coexistence & daily interactions with each others are commonly overshadowed by the stereotypical assumptions of all Pakistanis as Muslims.
		Finally, it must be noted that this is not some sort of special treatment because the proposal is about Pakistanis, as some people have said in their mail.
		Unfortunately, minorities religious issues, and especially, religious issues of Pakistanis while coexistence and daily interactions with each others are commonly overshadowed by the stereotypical assump- tions of all Pakistanis as Muslims.
	www.faqs.org /ftp/pub/pub/usenet/news.announce.newgroups/soc/soc.culture.pakistan-reorg (14194 words)

	E-LIS - Information sources on pakistani librarianship
		Glossaries of library science terms in Urdu and works on Pakistani librarianship included in the international reference sources are also introduced.
		Union Catalogue of Library Science Literature in the Libraries of Karachi.
		Periodical Literature in Library and Information Science: An Index of 50 Years’ Work in Pakistan (1947-1997).
	eprints.rclis.org /archive/00001630 (1113 words)

	NTI: Global Security Newswire
		While the Pakistani papers left much of the information confidential, their publishing was seen as a pronouncement of Islamabad’s nuclear capability, according to experts.
		While the CIA was aware of some of the activities of scientists at the Khan Research Laboratories, U.S. intelligence was surprised by the pace at which Pakistani nuclear scientists were aiding other countries, according to the Times.
		For example, China is believed to be an early recipient of Pakistani centrifuge designs according to Institute for Science and International Security President David Albright.
	www.nti.org /d_newswire/issues/2004/1/5/c16d0b24-758d-46a1-99b7-e7dfe15f78cc.html (652 words)

	People's Daily Online -- U.S., Pakistani first ladies launch Pakistani arts website
		The first ladies of the United States and Pakistan launched on Thursday a website on Pakistani art, describing it as a vehicle of diplomacy.
		"By learning about Pakistani music, literature and theater we also learn about the people of Pakistan and their rich heritage," she said.
		The two first ladies enjoyed a sitar recital in Washington during the ceremony at the John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts, which sponsored the website, along with the Pakistan National Council of the Arts.
	english.people.com.cn /200609/22/eng20060922_305284.html (241 words)

	The Tribune, Chandigarh, India - Punjab
		A subject of ‘Pakistani literature’ is also a part of the academic course.
		Dr Jatinder Jolly, a Reader in GND varsity’s Punjabi Department who had done his doctorate on ‘Pakistani literature,’ said that the publication of Punjabi literature in both the scripts would go a long way in bridging the gap between Punjabi writers of both the Punjabs.
		The books are a blessing for literature lovers and have brought priceless poetic art to the doorstep of a common man. For Punjabi singers, musicians and composers the easy-to-read script would open doors for more meaningful milieu of songs compared to the current trend of music scores.
	www.tribuneindia.com /2004/20040112/punjab1.htm (6268 words)

	Bitter Gourd and Other Stories - MyBindi.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		The voice that resonates in these stories is not that of yet another 'upper class' or 'upwardly mobile' Karachite, who has had the privilege to attend school in England or North America.
		Her platitudes for various causes she claims to organize disappear in the instant she admonishes the invisible servant to shut the door quickly lest the hot air outside come into the air-conditioned room.
		The simple stories are easily accessible to any reader, and a welcome alternative in contemporary Pakistani literature.
	www.mybindi.com /arts-entertainment/books/bittergourd.cfm (525 words)

	The Hindu : New Delhi News : Making the choice to voice
		Writing might be an outlet from the "chaadar" and the "char-diwari" for some, while the immigrant experience might have shaped the words of others, but for most it was really about finding a context for themselves.
		The intention of this anthology is to break that silence and explore the fiction and creative prose of Pakistani women, who by choosing English as their creative medium, write from the extreme edges of both English and Pakistani literature,'' said Muneeza, who has edited the anthology.
		Moulding the language to include experiences that are beyond the English vocabulary, while it was a challenge to introduce into staid English the "scent of wet earth", the stories explore the world of a generation and a half Pakistani women.
	www.hindu.com /2005/09/24/stories/2005092401430200.htm (485 words)

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