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| | Carolingians |
 | | Carolingian art consists of characteristic architecture (the Palatine Chapel in Aix-la-Chapelle [Aachen], built 792-805, survives), sculpture (only small works survive), metalwork, and illuminated manuscripts. |
 | | The middle Frankish kingdom was divided into Italy, Lotharingia (Lorraine), and Provence; in the eastern Frankish kingdom (Germany) the dynasty survived until 911; and the western Frankish kingdom (France) was ruled by Carolingians until the failure of the line in 987. |
 | | It was founded by Pepin the Short, who deposed the last Merovingian king in 751, and it was named after Pepin's son Charlemagne, who greatly expanded the Frankish territories. |
| www.orbilat.com /Encyclopaedia/C/Carolingians.html (140 words) |
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