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Topic: Palatini action

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	Upper Respiratory Tract - Dissector Answers (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		Describe the actions of the intrinsic muscles of the larynx in tensing, relaxing, abducting or adducting the vocal folds.
		Arise from the anterior inner surfaces of the thyroid laminae, deep to the laryngeal prominence, and insert on the lateral borders of the arytenoid cartilages.
		The most important function of tensor veli palatini is to open the auditory tube by pulling its lateral wall laterally and inferiorly.
	anatomy.med.umich.edu /respiratory_system/nasal_ans.html (3288 words)

	Home restaurant busted in Freehold
		Jeffrey Palatini, who is the principal registered environmental health specialist with the Freehold Area Health Department, said that although Hernandes and Borst were both given notices of violation on Aug. 30, a second summons was served by Palatini on Sept. 15 to Hernandes, which was received by her sister, Rosabla.
		Palatini said he had observed the exterior of the property in the beginning of September and did not see any evidence to indicate that the home was again being used as a restaurant.
		Palatini said he told Borst his responsibility did not end with those actions, but that as the owner of the home he would still be responsible to monitor the property.
	newstranscript.gmnews.com /news/2006/0927/Front_page/001.html (1456 words)

	Need for a Revision of the Normal Limits of Resting Heart Rate -- Palatini 33 (2): 622 -- Hypertension
		Paolo Palatini, MD From the Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.
		Palatini P, Casiglia E, Pauletto P, Staessen J, Kaciroti N, Julius S. Relationship of tachycardia with high blood pressure and metabolic abnormalities: a study with mixture analysis in three populations.
		Palatini P. Office versus ambulatory heart rate in the prediction of the cardiovascular risk.
	hyper.ahajournals.org /cgi/content/full/33/2/622 (2518 words)

	The physics of isolated horizons
		The crucial point of the definition is that it is possible to add a surface term to the usual bulk action of general relativity, possibly coupled with suitable matter fields like Maxwell and scalar fields such that the action is differentiable within the corresponding class of spacetimes.
		This is analogous to the usual addition of a surface term to the bulk action of general relativity on manifolds with boundary formulated in terms of the spacetime metric in such a way that it becomes differentiable on the class of spacetimes with a fixed value of the metric on the manifold boundary.
		The fact that such a differentiable action exists seems to depend completely on the choice of the physical boundary conditions and not so much on the choice of variables, as long as the action is a first order action as in the Palatini formulation.
	www.phys.lsu.edu /mog/mog14/node7.html (1733 words)

	Amazon.fr : Zoom Broom: Livres en anglais: Margie Palatini,Howard Fine (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		Her fury only escalates when she asks, "Which one is the one I want?"--catapulting them into an infuriating "Who's on first"-style repartee over "Witch 1," the name of a certain model of broom.
		Zoom Broom, Margie Palatini's over-the-top sequel to the immensely popular Piggie Pie, is as smart-alecky and fast-paced as they come, and Howard Fine's colorful, action-packed, almost grotesquely intense illustrations are perfect for this wild and witchy ride.
		Palatini loads the story with off-hand references to such witchy standbys as "Hansel and Gretel," The Wizard of Oz and the TV series Bewitched and pokes fun at the stereotypically sleazy salesguy.
	www.amazon.fr /Zoom-Broom-Margie-Palatini/dp/0786814675 (581 words)

	Anatomy of the Swallow
		The palatoglossal and the levator veli palatini both raise the velum.
		The latest research on swallowing suggests that the action of the pharyngeal constrictor muscles is not the most critical factor in the movement of food down the pharynx.
		This action also aids in the relaxation and opening of the cricopharyngeus muscle.
	www.csuchico.edu /~pmccaff/syllabi/SPPA342/342unit3.html (1219 words)

	tinnitus (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		Opening the eustachian tube occurs by coordinating action of the two palatal muscles (levator and tensor palatini).
		The normal action that opens the eustachian tube and causes this are swallowing and yawning.
		Some patients are bothered by the clicking sound in the ear which accompanies the action of swallowing and some patients can produce these sounds voluntarily and elicit this type of noise.
	earinfo.com /ctac (1094 words)

	2.3 The Chern-Simons formulation
		The formalism of geometric structures provides an elegant description of vacuum spacetimes in 2+1 dimensions, but it is rather remote from the usual physicist’s approach.
		In particular, the Einstein-Hilbert action is nowhere in sight, and even the metric makes only a limited appearance.
		The first-order action allows us an additional step that was unavailable in the geometric structure formalism - we can compute the symplectic structure on the space of solutions.
	relativity.livingreviews.org /Articles/lrr-2005-1/articlesu3.html (647 words)

	The Voice & Swallowing Center
		The primary actions of the extrinsic tongue muscles are to pull the tongue forward, backward, upward and downward (3).
		The primary action of the intrinsic muscles are to produce changes in the shape of the tongue during articulation and deglutition.
		The afferent and efferent nerve supply is similar to that of the laryngeal adductor reflex with afferent innervation via the internal branch of the superior laryngeal nerve and motor action from the recurrent laryngeal nerve branch of the vagus.
	www.voiceandswallowing.com /swall_norm.htm (3061 words)

	eMedicine - Snoring and Obstructive Sleep Apnea, Physiologic Approach : Article by John M Truelson, MD, FACS
		The levator palatini muscles originate at the apex of the petrous bone and the cartilaginous portion of the eustachian tubes and extend obliquely into the posterior superior palate, where they blend at the midline into the palatal aponeurosis.
		If the tensor palatini muscles are relaxed during the contraction of levator palatini muscles, 2 dimples appear on the oral surface of the palate.
		The tensor veli palatini arises from the pterygoid plate, the sphenoid bone, and the cartilaginous eustachian tube and extends downward, passes under the hamulus, then passes medially and inserts into the palatal aponeurosis.
	www.emedicine.com /ent/topic694.htm (4893 words)

	Einstein-Hilbert action - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Einstein-Hilbert action is a mathematical object (an action) that is used to derive Einstein's field equations of general relativity.
		In general relativity, the action is assumed to be a functional only of the metric, i.e.
		Some extensions of general relativity assume the metric and connection to be independent, however, and vary with respect to both independently.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Einstein-Hilbert_action (634 words)

	week16
		The action for the theory then becomes the Chern-Simons action, as noted by Witten.
		The classic action principle for general relativity is the Einstein-Hilbert action: the Ricci scalar times the volume form associated to the metric.
		More recently, Plebanski invented an action using the self-dual part of the connection and a tetrad field; this turns out to be closely related to an action naturally associated with the Ashtekar "new variables" (a self-dual connection and tetrad field), although this was realized only subsequently by Capovilla, Dell, and Jacobson.
	www.math.ucr.edu /home/baez/week16.html (2883 words)

	Pharmacy Pearl 29 September 2004
		C. In 8 healthy volunteers (Palatini et al, 1993) and in 10 alcoholic patients treated with oral sodium oxybate 25 mg/kg, renal excretion was less than 1% (Ferrara et al, 1992).
		In an animal model of myoclonus induced by intraperitoneal injection of the GABA-agonist muscimol, the effect was reduced by sodium oxybate in a manner similar to baclofen (Menon, 1981).
		Sodium oxybate may produce anesthesia by a general suppressant action on the entire cerebrospinal axis, and muscular relaxation by an action on the spinal cord rather than a direct action on the neuromuscular junction (Doherty et al, 1975).
	www.af-pharmacists.org /safp/pearls/pearl29sep04.htm (3054 words)

	Palatal Muscle EMG Response to Negative Pressure in Awake Sleep Apneic and Control Subjects -- MORTIMORE and DOUGLAS ...
		and its action is therefore to elevate the soft palate.
		Figure 2 shows the responses of levator palatini and palatoglossus to negative pressure application.
		Both levator palatini and palatoglossus exhibit phasic inspiratory EMG activity in awake normal subjects (15), with the
	ajrccm.atsjournals.org /cgi/content/full/156/3/867 (4218 words)

	An inflammatory polyp above the torus tubarius as a cause of persistent serous otitis media Ear, Nose & Throat ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		(1) During swallowing, the lumen of the eustachian tube opens, and the toms tubarius elevates as a result of the combined action of three muscles: the tensor veil palatini, the levator veli palatini, and the superior constrictor.
		(2) The tensor veli palatini is the most functionally significant muscle that actively opens the eustachian tube.
		The eustachian tube has at least three physiologic functions with respect to the middle ear: (1) it provides ventilation, (2) it protects against nasopharyngeal sound pressure and secretions, and (3) it drains and clears middle ear secretions.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m0BUM/is_9_83/ai_n6251573 (531 words)

	Einstein-Hilbert action Summary
		The Einstein-Hilbert action is a mathematical object (an action) that is used to derive Einstein's field equations of general relativity.
		In general relativity, the action is assumed to be a functional only of the metric, i.e.
		Some extensions of general relativity assume the metric and connection to be independent, however, and vary with respect to both independently.
	www.bookrags.com /Einstein-Hilbert_action (1500 words)

	Trigeminal Pharyngioplasty
		Dysfunction of the tensor palatini and tensor tympani muscles can be due to referred pain from facial, neck, shoulder, pectoralis, soleus, and even metatarsal muscles, causing secondary myofascial pain in these two forgotten accessory muscles of mastication, causing trigger points and shortening of these muscles (83-85).
		A functional tensor veli palatini muscle causes the torus tubarius to be soft and fleshy, while a dysfunctional tensor veli palatini muscle causes the torus tubarius to be hard and seemingly unpliable.
		The treatment of these accessory muscles of mastication, the tensor veli palatini and tensor tympani muscles, has shown to improve orofacial, temporomandibular joint, cervical, and shoulder pain complaints; and has also shown to be associated with the relief of ear pain, ear pressure, tinnitus, vertigo, and/or hearing impairment or hearing loss.
	www.drjimboyd.com /TriPhar.html (4915 words)

	The Roman Army
		Caesar, during his conquest of Gaul, was given many opportunities of seeing the Gallic horsemen in action and it is hardly surprising that he was soon recruiting them, taking a large contingent with him to fight against Pompey.
		The numbers of the new troops he originally raised, the palatini, are not known.
		But by the end of the fourth century this new imperial guard mustered twenty four vexillations of cavalry (five hundred each), twenty-five legions (a thousand each) and one hundred and eight auxiliary troops (five hundred each), stationed all around the empire at the major cities.
	www.roman-empire.net /army/army.html (13499 words)

	week7
		This is called the "Palatini" action - and actually I'm going to describe a slight variation on it, that is conceptually simpler, and apparently appears for the first time in Ashtekar's book.
		In the Palatini approach one thinks of general relativity not as being a theory of a metric, but of a "tetrad" and an "so(3,1) connection".
		So the Palatini trick is to rewrite the Einstein-Hilbert action in terms of the curvature of the so(1,3) connection and the tetrad field.
	math.ucr.edu /home/baez/week7.html (1847 words)

	Soft palate muscle responses to negative upper airway pressure -- Amis et al. 86 (2): 523 -- Journal of Applied ...
		The responses of the palatinus and tensor veli palatini muscles to laryngeal NUAP in the present study are in general agreement
		Influence of sleep on tensor palatini EMG and upper airway resistance in normal men.
		Influence of sleep on response to negative airway pressure of tensor palatini muscle and retropalatal airway.
	jap.physiology.org /cgi/content/full/86/2/523 (4690 words)

	Citebase - Hamiltonian analysis of n-dimensional Palatini gravity with matter (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		We consider the Palatini formalism of gravity with cosmological constant Λ coupled to a scalar field φ in n-dimensions.
		It turns out that both Palatini action and Hilbert action lead to the same geometric dynamics in the presence of Λ and φ.
		While, the n-dimensional Palatini action could not give a connection dynamics formalism directly.
	citebase.eprints.org /cgi-bin/citations?id=oai:arXiv.org:gr-qc/0503024 (179 words)

	Roh-Suan Tung: the Origin of the Immirzi Parameter
		The n-dimensional Einstein equations with Lambda can be derived by the variation of the coupled Palatini action provided n is greater than 2.
		The Hamiltonian analysis of the coupled action is carried out by a 1+(n-1) decomposition of the spacetime.
		It turns out that both Palatini action and Hilbert action lead to the same geometric dynamics in the presence of Lambda and phi.
	www.physicsforums.com /showthread.php?t=88051 (683 words)

	Colloquieum
		I cut the “he said/she said” because it stops the flow of the action.
		Action and movement will be motivated, just because its children’s theatre doesn’t mean that you don’t have to act.
		Children are smart and know the difference, and if you move for no reason, they’re going to know.
	www.thecoo.edu /~tymuth/colloquieum.htm (707 words)

	Palate; Sphenopalatine Foramen; Pterygopalatine Fossa
		How to find the tensor veli palatini muscle - The tensor veli palatini muscle is hidden behind the medial pterygoid plate - to see it, break the plate out with a probe.
		it acts as a pulley for the tendon of the tensor veli palatini m.
		SVE: anterior belly of the digastric m., mylohyoid m., tensor veli palatini m., tensor tympani m.; muscles of mastication: temporalis m., masseter m., lateral pterygoid m., medial pterygoid m.
	anatomy.uams.edu /AnatomyHTML/pterygopalatine.html (3106 words)

	Gravity Theory Seminars Abstracts (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		We consider theories of gravity where the Lagrangian is a nonlinear function of the Ricci scalar, in the Palatini variational formalism where the connection and metric are independent.
		We show that such theories are equivalent to scalar-tensor theories in which the scalar field kinetic energy term is absent from the action.
		By integrating out the scalar field, the theory can be recast as general relativity coupled to a modified matter action.
	www.physics.umd.edu /grt/abstracts04.html (2127 words)

	Current Hypertension Reviews, Volume 1, No. 2, 2005
		The gene expression of AM is widely distributed in the cardiovascular system and many physiological actions of AM on cardiovascular system have been reported.
		This review describes the structure, structure-activity relationships, tissue distribution, receptors, physiological action, and circulating levels of AM and also discusses what is known about the pathophysiological role of AM in hypertension.
		Thus, opposite actions between salt and potassium on ROS production may play an important role of their influences on blood pressure and cardiovascular effects.
	www.bentham.org /chr/contabs/chr1-2.htm (2159 words)

	Re: Appropriateness of the Palatini action?
		Now, its contribution to the action depends > on the connection A and so, we no longer have d_A e=0 as an > Euler-Lagrange equation.
		As far as I know, no one has come up with a way to test this experimentally, so there's no way of excluding the Palatini action.
		Prev by thread: Re: Appropriateness of the Palatini action?
	www.lns.cornell.edu /spr/2003-10/msg0055957.html (182 words)

	Generalization of the Hilbert-Palatini Action in Four-Dimensional Gravity
		The generalized two-parametric Hilbert-Palatini action is constructed, which not only includes the well-known Hilbert-Palatini and Ashtekar gravitational theory as special cases, but also gives new results.
		In Hamiltonian formulation, the phase space variables and the corresponding Hamiltonian constraints can be obtained, including the Ashtekar and Barbero type constraints.
		Moreover, the results of this action are the same as those given by the parametric canonical transformations, although these two methods are completely different.
	stacks.iop.org /0256-307X/18/328 (228 words)

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