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Topic: Palatoglossus

	Palatoglossus muscle - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Glossopalatinus (Palatoglossus) is a small fleshy fasciculus, narrower in the middle than at either end, forming, with the mucous membrane covering its surface, the glossopalatine arch.
		This article was originally based on an entry from a public domain edition of Gray's Anatomy.
		palate: levator veli palatini - tensor veli palatini - musculus uvulae - palatoglossus - palatopharyngeus
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Palatoglossus (300 words)

	Department of Linguistics, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia
		It has often been assumed that nasality is simply a function of velic opening, but this ignores the complex interactions between the muscles that are involved in opening the velum and other parts of the vocal tract to which those same muscles are attached (see figure 1).
		The palatoglossus muscle is attached to the soft palate at one end and to the tongue at the other end.
		Other speakers, on the other hand, may maintain a tense palatoglossus and so when the tongue is lowered (by various extrinsic tongue muscles) the palatoglossus acts as a more or less rigid link between the tongue and the velum, and the velum (if unbraced) is dragged down with the tongue.
	www.shlrc.mq.edu.au /speech/physiology/nasal/nasality_review.html (1748 words)

	APStracts 2:0136A, 1995. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		We have, therefore, examined the effects of posture, negative pressure and route of respiration on palatal muscle activity in 13 non-snoring, awake male subjects using electromyography.
		Electromyographic activity of levator palatini and palatoglossus was expressed as a percentage of maximum activity.
		Overall, posture did not affect levator palatini (F=1.58; p=0.23) or palatoglossus (F=0.98; p=0.34) activity, but analysis by route of respiration showed palatoglossus to be more active when nose breathing supine (F=6.64; p=0.02).
	www.uth.tmc.edu /apstracts/1995/jap/April/136a.html (252 words)

	Surgical Approaches to the Oropharynx
		The material does not necessarily reflect the current or past opinions of members of the UTMB faculty and should not be used for purposes of diagnosis or treatment without consulting appropriate literature sources and informed professional opinion."
		The oropharynx is a three dimensional structure bounded anteriorly by the anterior pillars of the pharyngeal fauces (the palatoglossus muscle), the circumvallate papillae (sulcus terminales) or the junction of the hard and soft palates.
		The palatoglossus and palatopharyngeous form the anterior and posterior tonsillar arches (respectively) and function to separate the oropharynx from the oral cavity during deglutition.
	www.utmb.edu /otoref/Grnds/Oropharynx-2003-0507/Oropharynx-2003-0507.htm (6038 words)

	National Center for Voice and Speech (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		The relative contributions of the levator veli palatini, palatoglossus, and palatopharyngeus muscles were assessed relative to a range of positions of the velopharynx during production of the vowels [a] and [i] by four normal adult speakers.
		The results indicate that velopharyngeal positioning is determined by the relative contributions of the levator veli palatini, palatoglossus, and palatopharyngeus muscles.
		Both consistent and inconsistent relationships among activity levels in the three velopharyngeal muscles studied were observed across speaker and vowel produced.
	www.ncvs.org /ncvs/info/rescol/progreport/abs5/5-2.html (115 words)

	Key Atomic Relations (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		The palatoglossus muscles couple the soft palate to the base of the tongue.
		The pterygomandibular raphe runs virtually parallel to the palatoglossus muscles and couples the pharyngeal constrictors to the mandible.
		Mandibular advancement splays the tonsillar arches (formed by the palatoglossus and palatopharyngeus muscles) and further stabilizes the lateral pharyngeal walls.
	www.sleep-breathing.bc.ca /relatns.htm (121 words)

	Palatal Muscle EMG Response to Negative Pressure in Awake Sleep Apneic and Control Subjects -- MORTIMORE and DOUGLAS ...
		Figure 2 shows the responses of levator palatini and palatoglossus to negative pressure application.
		Effect of negative pressure application on levator palatini and palatoglossus reflex EMG activity (mean ± SEM) in normal subjects.
		Both levator palatini and palatoglossus exhibit phasic inspiratory EMG activity in awake normal subjects (15), with the
	ajrccm.atsjournals.org /cgi/content/full/156/3/867 (4218 words)

	Increased vertical advancement (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		When the mandible is advanced, the arch formed by the palatopharyngeus and palatoglossus muscles is splayed and tension is developed in the palatoglossus muscle.
		The tension in the palatoglossus muscle is transmitted into the arch of the soft palate and reduces vibration.
		However, only the component of the force vector that is parallel to the axis of the palatoglossus muscle produces tension in this muscle.
	www.sleep-breathing.bc.ca /vertical.htm (256 words)

	University of Iowa Speech Physiology Lab - EMG (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		The muscles we most often study are located in the back and sides of the oral cavity.
		Specifically, they are the levator veli palatini, the palatoglossus and the palatopharyngeus.
		The palatoglossus acts to lower the soft palate or to lift the sides and back of the tongue.
	www.shc.uiowa.edu /wjshc/research/sphys/EMG.html (219 words)

	ICP monitors
		It supplies all the tongue muscles except palatoglossus.
		Extrinsic muscles consist of the genioglossus, hyoglossus, styloglossus, and palatoglossus.
		All intrinsic and extrinsic muscles (except palatoglossus; supplied by CN X) are supplied by the hypoglossal nerve.
	www.ucsf.edu /nreview/02.2-Anatomy-CranialNerves/CN12-hypoglossal.html (579 words)

	[No title]
		The oral cavity opens at the mouth and is bounded at its sides by teeth and cheeks.
		It is bounded posteriorly by two pairs of folds of mucous membrane which cover two important palatal muscles, the palatoglossus and palatopharyngeus (Fig.
		The genioglossus attaches to the anterior extreme of the mandible and acts to pull the tongue forward or protrude it.
	www.emory.edu /ANATOMY/AnatomyManual/nose.html (2123 words)

	[No title]
		The muscles found in the soft palate include the levator veli palatini, tensor veli palatini, palatopharyngeous, palatoglossus, and muscularis uvulae.
		The palatoglossus and palatopharyngeous form the anterior and posterior tonsillar arches (respectively) and function to separate the oropharynx from the oral cavity during deglutition.
		Their deep surface is adjacent to the superior constrictor muscle and separated by a thin fascial plane.
	www.utmb.edu /otoref/Grnds/Oropharynx-2003-0507/Oropharynx-2003-0507.doc (5795 words)

	AACPS Corequest
		This muscle elevates the velum toward the posterior pharyngeal wall to close the velopharyngeal mechanism and pull the eustachian tube open.
		The palatoglossus muscle arises from the lateral margin of the tongue.
		It travels in the anterior tonsillar pillar to enter into the soft palate and functions to pull the soft palate downward.
	www.aacplasticsurgery.org /member4/newcore2003/2005/cleftlip.html (678 words)

	palatoglossus - OneLook Dictionary Search
		Tip: Click on the first link on a line below to go directly to a page where "palatoglossus" is defined.
		palatoglossus, palatoglossus (muscle) : Stedman's Online Medical Dictionary, 27th Edition [home, info]
		Phrases that include palatoglossus: arcus palatoglossus, musculus palatoglossus, a palatoglossus
	www.onelook.com /?w=palatoglossus&ls=all (98 words)

	Anatomy Tables - Submandibular Region, Nasal & Oral Cavities
		an extrinsic muscle of the tongue; XII innervates all tongue muscles except palatoglossus (innervated by vagus (X), as are most of the palate and pharynx muscles)
		although palatoglossus sounds like a tongue muscle (and should therefore be innervated by XII), it is a palatal muscle innervated by X
		intrinsic and extrinsic muscles of the tongue (except palatoglossus m.)
	www.med.umich.edu /lrc/coursepages/m1/anatomy/html/head/submand_tables.html (1690 words)

	Case Based Pediatrics Chapter
		What is referred to most commonly as "tonsils" are the palatine tonsils, the lateral limits of the ring.
		The tonsils are bounded by the palatoglossus muscle or "anterior pillar" and palatopharyngeal muscle or "posterior pillar." The structures have multiple folds which increase surface area available for antigenic stimulation.
		When an antigen is presented, it stimulates B cells that have congregated there.
	www.hawaii.edu /medicine/pediatrics/pedtext/s06c09.html (3584 words)

	Mouth Teeth Tongue Nose (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		Styolglossus - retracts tongue and draws its edges up to create a trough for swallowing.
		Palatoglossus - elevates the posterior part of tongue.
		Intrinsic muscles of tongue - are confined to the tongue and do not attach to bone.
	www.pitt.edu /~anat/Head/Mouth/Mouth.htm (739 words)

	Medical Dictionary: Hypoglossal nerve - WrongDiagnosis.com
		Hypoglossal nerve: supplies intrinsic muscles of the tongue and other tongue muscles
		Hypoglossal nerve : twelfth cranial nerve; originates in the hypoglossal nucleus of the medulla and supplies motor innervation to all of the muscles of the tongue except the palatoglossus (which is supplied by the vagus); also contains proprioceptive afferents from the tongue muscles.
		Terms that may be interchangeable with Hypoglossal nerve:
	www.wrongdiagnosis.com /medical/hypoglossal_nerve.htm (213 words)

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