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Topic: Paleolithic Continuity Theory

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	indo-europeans
		In the twentieth century Marija Gimbutas created a modern variation on the traditional invasion theory (the Kurgan hypothesis, see Kurgan) in which the Indo-Europeans were a nomadic tribe in southern Russia and expanded on horseback sometime around 2000 BC.
		This theory in the form modified by James Mallory who dated it earlier to around 4000 BC is still widely held.
		Colin Renfrew is the main propagator for a newer theory dating from 1987 in which the Indo-Europeans were farmers in Asia Minor who expanded peacefully in South east europe from around 7000 BC.
	www.findthelinks.com /history/indo-europeans.htm (682 words)

	The Paleolithic Continuity Theory: An Introduction
		His theory, which owing to its focus on the Neolithic discontinuity can be called the Neolithic Discontinuity Theory (NDT), is undoubtedly superior to the traditional Invasion Theory, as far as it does eliminate the myth of the PIE Blitzkrieg against the peaceful Old Europeans.
		Alinei, Mario (fc.a), Continuity from Paleolithic of Indo-European and Uralic populations in Europe: the convergence of linguistic and archaeological frontiers, in Proceedings of the XIVth Congress of the UISPP (Liège: 2-8/9/2001), BAR International Series.
		Alinei, Mario (fc.b), Interdisciplinary and linguistic evidence for Palaeolithic continuity of Indo-European, Uralic and Altaic populations in Eurasia, with an excursus on Slavic ethnogenesis, in Proceedings of Kobarid conference (2003).
	www.continuitas.com /intro.html (5192 words)

	A TWO-FACED ANTHROPOMORPHIC LITHIC SCULPTURE OF LOWER PALEOLITHIC OF DENMARK
		In the paleolithic sculpture men with beard and men without beard are represented, and it is not credible that those without beard, that are in greater number, were all women or young men without beard.
		The use of conservation of the skull of the defunct relative is continued in the ethnography of Homo sapiens sapiens.
		In the Lower and middle Paleolithic, a relation between the cult of the skulls and the anthropomorphic sculpture og the only head exists, that indicates that the dimension of every spiritual interest of the man was connected to the only head.
	www.paleolithicartmagazine.org /pagina49.html (4779 words)

	Paleolithic Continuity Theory - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		It argues that the appearance of Indo-Europeans coincides with the first regional settlement of Homo Sapiens in the Middle/Upper Paleolithic age.
		Its main proponents are the Italian linguists Mario Alinei, Gabriele Costa and Cicero Poghirc as well as the German and Belgian prehistorians Alexander Hausler and Marcel Otte.
		Jonathan Morris, reviewed Alinei's favourably in Mother Tongue, a journal dedicated to the reconstruction of Paleolithic language, judging Alinei's theory as being
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Paleolithic_Continuity_Theory (561 words)

	Slav ethnogenes and political implications - Total War Center Forums (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		This is part and parcel of the recent Paleolithic Continuity Theory (PCT), a radical theory propagated by Allinei (a linguist) and several other linguists, mostly south Slavic (mainly Slovenian and Slavomacedonian) and Italian, and a couple (literally) of archeologists.
		To outline it in brief, according to this theory there was never an era of invasions or migrations past the paleolithic times and the populations in Europe and Asia have undergone little or no change since that era up until today.
		His theory seems constructed just to fit into a vision of Slavic indigenity in the Balkan region and consequently has humangous gaps when you try to expand it past the narrow confinments of eastern europe (to the whole eurasiatic area, for instance).
	www.twcenter.net /forums/showthread.php?t=41311 (5069 words)

	Indo-Aryan migration - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Indo-Aryan migration refers to the theory that speakers of Indo-Aryan languages migrated into the Indian subcontinent during the 2nd millennium BCE, as opposed to being autochthonous to the region.
		Outside India, the perceived political overtones of the theory are not as pronounced, and it is discussed in the larger framework of Indo-Iranian and Indo-European expansion.
		Mallory (1997) has pointed out that archaeological continuity can be supported for every Indo-European-speaking region of Eurasia, and that such an absence of evidence is not evidence for the absence of a migration, as the Indo-Europeans must have come from somewhere.
	www.stupidproxy.com /index.php?q=aHR0cDovL2VuLndpa2lwZWRpYS5vcmcvd2lraS9JbmRvLUFyeWFuX21pZ3JhdGlvbg== (6041 words)

	representation of the time
		Ergo, the men of the Paleolithic, the makers of the first tools, and the first art, the first men appeared on the scene of the world, had a mind.
		Evidences of the perception and of the compute of the time in the Paleolithic are come until us in concrete shape, under shape of sculpture in stone, lunar calendars on bone and stellar maps, engraved on rigid material like the stone or the bone or painted to the inside of the caves.
		Marshack, in his turn, postulating the interest of the man of the Paleolithic for the activities of the daily life tied to running of the time, has considered it a calendar, in particular a lunar calendar.
	www.paleolithicartmagazine.org /pagina95.html (2627 words)

	The Paleolithic Indo-Europeans, 1
		The DNA evidence also creates problems for the alternative theory that Indo-European was originally the language of certain inhabitants of the Balkans who acquired agriculture at an early date and spread it throughout the rest of Europe.
		That is the premise of the new and still controversial Paleolithic Continuity Theory of Indo-European.
		At present, the adherents of this theory seem to be primarily concerned with marshaling arguments in favor of the long-term stability of the languages and cultures of Europe.
	www.enter.net /~torve/trogholm/wonder/indoeuropean/indoeuropean1.html (2681 words)

	PIE Information - Online Prescription Medication Directory
		Brugmann's junggrammatische re-evaluation of the field and Ferdinand de Saussure's development of the laryngeal theory may be considered the beginning of "contemporary" Indo-European studies.
		Notably, the laryngeal theory, in its early forms discussed since the 1880s, became mainstream after Jerzy Kurylowicz's 1927 discovery of the survival of at least some of these hypothetical phonemes in Anatolian.
		According to the glottalic theory, the "voiced stops" of the system as described above were glottalic, perhaps ejectives, while the "voiced aspirated stops" may not have been voiced.
	www.prescriptiondrug-info.com /drug_information_online.asp?title=PIE (3205 words)

	History of the Balkans (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Overview of the Kurgan hypothesis A modified form of Kurgan theory by JP Mallory, dating the migrations earlier to around 4000 BC and putting less insistence on their violent or quasi-military nature, is still widely held.
		Colin Renfrew is the Main propagator for a newer theory dating from 1987 according to which the Indo-Europeans were farmers in Asia Minor who expanded peacefully in South East Europe from around 7000 BC (wave of advance).
		Changes in Europe 1856 1878 The Crimean War was provoked by Russian tsar Nicholas I's continuing pressure on the dying Ottoman Empire, and by Russia's claims to be the protector of the Orthodox Christian subjects of the Ottoman sultan.
	history-of-the-balkans.iqnaut.net (9306 words)

	Modern Human Origins in a Historical Perspective (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		The theory is called Out of Africa II to indicate the movement of a founding population of modern humans out of the African continent and to differentiate it from the well-accepted concept of the radiation of early Homo out of Africa nearly two million years ago.
		The new emphasis on the replacement theory was due mainly to increased technology for genetics research and the early implications that all modern humans had a recent origin.
		All Middle Paleolithic hominids known at the time were Neanderthals and their ancestors, meaning there was not a candidate for a modern human ancestor other than the Neanderthals from the Middle Paleolithic.
	www.modernhumanorigins.net /anth588.html (6674 words)

	The Paleolithic Continuity Theory on Indo-European Origins
		Two major current theories suggest a late invasion from East Europe in the Bronze Age or a demic dispersion from Anatolia as consequence of early Neolithic civilization.
		By using different approaches and through independent research, we have obtained converging evidence that indicates an uninterrupted, local continuity of Indo-European languages and populations from prehistoric to the present times.
		We argue that the appearance of Indo-Europeans coincides with the first regional settlement of Homo Sapiens Sapiens in the Middle/Upper Paleolithic, and we propose a comprehensive, interdisciplinary framework for the Indo-European origins, the Paleolithic Continuity Theory (PCT).
	www.continuitas.com (213 words)

	Paleolithic Continuity Theory \| Business Continuity Journal \| Business Continuity Operational Recovery \| Free Small ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Coming up with the best continuity of operations planning sites isn't always as easy as it could be.
		Selecting the appropriate continuity planning made easy e-commerce portals is not easy.
		It took a tremendous amount of resources and man power to compile this information on paleolithic continuity theory and select a few of the very best sites for you to visit.
	clks.info /paleolithic-continuity-theory.htm (361 words)

	Protovedic Continuity Theory, Jan. 2006
		What is suggested is a continuation of the earlier language studies by bharatiya savants, so as to delineate the Proto-Vedic Continuity and, to contribute to a better understanding of the I in the IE.
		The Aryan Invasion Theory is a special case of diffusionist scholarship where the fictional “Aryan Homeland” is presumed to be the cradle from which the rest of Eurasia obtained its high civilization in the pre-Christian era.
		The Proto-Vedic Continuity Theory rejects eurocentrism and will be validated based on the rich resources available for ancient versions of present-day languages and dialects spoken in Bharat and contiguous regions and Indian Ocean rim states.
	protoovedic2.blogspot.com (15218 words)

	Top 20 Encyclopedia (via CobWeb/3.1 planetlab1.tamu.edu) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		This theory is controversial, as is the similar Eurasiatic theory of Joseph Greenberg, and the Proto-Pontic of John Colarusso.
		One prominent example of such are the Indian theories that derive Vedic Sanskrit from the Indus valley civilization, postulating that Vedic Sanskrit is essentially identical to Proto-Indo-European, and that all other dialects must ultimately trace back to the early Indus valley civilization of ca.
		Another example may be the Paleolithic Continuity Theory proposed by Italian theorists that derives Indo-European from the European Paleolithic cultures.
	encyc.connectonline.com.cob-web.org:8888 /index.php/Indo-European_languages (1969 words)

	Neanderthal relatives
		For example, the maximum rate observed for the European Neanderthal-early Upper Paleolithic comparison is 1.8 darwins, which is lower than seven of the fourteen rates for the early to late Upper Paleolithic transition and five of the fourteen rates for the early Upper Paleolithic-Mesolithic comparison.
		The rate between the Neanderthal and early Upper Paleolithic sample is less than half the average darwin between he early-late Upper Paleolithic (1.8d) or between the early Upper Paleolithic and Mesolithic (1.6 d).
		In this regard, the late Neanderthal-early Upper Paleolithic rates can be compared with the early to late Upper Paleolithic rates(both sampled over about the same time period of 10,000 years) or to the early Upper Paleolithic-neolithic rates, which are sampled over about twice that length of time(20,000 years).
	home.entouch.net /dmd/neanev.htm (2995 words)

	Belief Dawn Europe In Paleolithic Religion Southwestern Upper at Online Search (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Paleolithic Paleozoic Palermo Palestine Palestinian Palladian Palmolive Palmyra belief belies believe belittle bell belladonna bellboy belle bellflower bellhop southwest southwestern souvenir sovereign sovereignty soviet sovkhoz Dickson, 1990 DB Dickson, The dawn of belief.
		For example the belief that iron plows were brought in to the Middle East by The southwestern and Central Asian corridor has played a pivotal role in the analogous to the Paleolithic Continuity Theory formulated by Mario Alinei In East Europe goddess temples and artifacts 35000 years old have been unearthed.
		Paleolithic Paleozoic Palermo Palestine Palestinian Palladian Palmolive Palmyra belief belies believe belittle bell belladonna bellboy belle bellflower bellhop southwest southwestern souvenir sovereign sovereignty soviet sovkhoz The evolution of blond hair and blue eyes among NordicsDickson, 1990 DB Dickson, The dawn of belief.
	ethernetreader.info /belief-dawn-europe-in-paleolithic-religion-southwestern-upper.html (3207 words)

	The Dispatch - Serving the Lexington, NC - News (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Notably, the laryngeal theory, in its early forms discussed since the 1880s, became mainstream after Jerzy KuryÅowicz's 1927 discovery of the survival of at least some of these hypothetical phonemes in Anatolian.
		was a very rare phoneme, which is one argument in favor of the glottalic theory - it seems that languages having ejective stops tend not to have an ejective labial stop.
		As a consequence, it seems to be highly probable that PIE once was of the root-and-pattern morphological type.
	www.the-dispatch.com /apps/pbcs.dll/section?category=NEWS&template=wiki&text=Proto-Indo-European_language (3027 words)

	The Macedonian Digest 5
		If the PCT [Paleolithic Continuity Theory] is correct and I am one who feels it explains historical reality better than any other, I cannot see what the problem is about Macedonians being a predominately Slavic people.
		We all have to be satisfied with the last developments in the linguistics, especially the continuity theory, which although it calls our language Slavic, definitively departs from the migrationist theory.
		He continued to operate the team until January of 1966 when he withdrew the team after the league refused to order the amalgamation of the three Toronto teams.
	www.maknews.com /html/articles/stefov/digest_5.html (13491 words)

	Human migration - WebArticles.com
		Map of early human migrations according to mitochondrial population genetics (numbers are millennia before present).
		The movement of populations in modern times has continued under the form of both voluntary migration within one's region, country, or beyond, and involuntary migration (such as forced migration).
		Western historians refer to the period of migrations that separated Antiquity from the Middle Ages in Europe as the Great Migrations or as the Migrations Period.
	www.webarticles.com /print.php?id=215 (1359 words)

	Paleolithic Continuity Theory - Information, Resources, Links and Reference (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Paleolithic Continuity Theory - Information, Resources, Links and Reference
		It is based on a synthesis of linguistic studies, the archaeogenetical studies of
		Brian Sykes indicating that some 80% of the genetic stock of Europeans goes back to the Paleolithic, as well as on archaeological data indicating European cultural continuity.
	www.cyberpedia.net /info.php?title=Paleolithic_Continuity_Theory (534 words)

	The early Upper Paleolithic human skeleton from the Abrigo do Lagar Velho (Portugal) and modern human emergence in ...
		The early Upper Paleolithic human skeleton from the Abrigo do Lagar Velho (Portugal) and modern human emergence in Iberia -- Duarte et al.
		The early Upper Paleolithic human skeleton from the Abrigo do Lagar Velho (Portugal) and modern human emergence in Iberia
		It is buried in a distinctively early Upper Paleolithic
	www.pnas.org /cgi/content/full/96/13/7604 (4303 words)

	History of the Balkans (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		The Greeks were among the first to establish a system of trade routes in the Balkans, and in order to facilitate trade with the natives, between 700 BC and 300 BC they founded several colonies on the Black Sea (Pontus Euxinus) coast and on the Danube.
		These men continued to stand in the relation of patrons (patroni) to the colony after its foundation.
		Russian defeat in Crimea: the Balkan implicationsThe Crimean War was provoked by Russian tsar Nicholas I's continuing pressure on the dying Ottoman Empire, and by Russia's claims to be the protector of the Orthodox Christian subjects of the Ottoman sultan.
	koz.vianet.ca /history_of_the_balkans.htm (13863 words)

	Brujula.Net - Your Latin Stating Point (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		The Phrygians seem to have settled in the southern Balkans at first, centuries later continuing their migration to settle in Asia Minor.
		A modified form of Kurgan theory by JP Mallory, dating the migrations earlier to around 4000 BC and putting less insistence on their violent or quasi-military nature, is still widely held.
		Colin Renfrew is the main propagator for a newer theory dating from 1987 according to which the
	www.brujula.net /english/wiki/History_of_the_Balkans.html (6095 words)

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