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Topic: Paleosols

In the News (Thu 9 Jul 09)

Northern Trust

Marvin Harrison

Peter Chernin

Gary Locke

Match Play

Penelope Cruz

Mickey Rourke

AR Rahman

Danny Boyle

Hugh Jackman

	fullvita.92html
		Retallack, G.J. Miocene paleosols and ape habitats of Pakistan and Kenya.
		Retallack, G.J., Krull, E.S., and Robinson, S.E., 1998, Permian and Triassic paleosols and paleoenvironments of the central Transantarctic Mountains, Antarctica.
		Sheldon, N.D. and Retallack, G.J. Berthierine and siderite in Antarctic paleosols of the earliest Triassic postapocalyptic greenhouse.
	darkwing.uoregon.edu /~gregr/publications.html (8107 words)

	Steep III - Pacific Northwest Conservation Tillage Systems Information Source
		The paleosol horizons have a complex and poorly understood distribution with respect to the modern landscape and its covering of recent loess.
		Paleosol soil material is moved downslope from ridges and knobs by water erosion and tillage erosion and mantles the topsoil below.
		As erosion causes the paleosol horizons to be closer to the surface, runoff and soil erosion potential are increased.
	pnwsteep.wsu.edu /tillagehandbook/chapter1/010185.htm (1634 words)

	K/T acid rain, leached paleosols and the "barren zone" (Was: mammals over dinosaurs in...)
		Dan Varner querried: I hath scribed: << The presence of plant fossils and the rarity/absence of hydroxyfluorapatite-containing fossils could be explained as a result of acid leaching in the boundary zone ("Barren Zone" of Archibald, 1982).
		Retallack suspects that the leached paleosol is direct evidence of acid rain that was produced from the vaporization of sulfate target rocks from the impact bolide.
		Evidence from paleosols for ecosystem changes across the Cretaceous-Tertiary boundary in Montana.
	dml.cmnh.org /1999Apr/msg00436.html (457 words)

	Paleosols: digging deeper buries ‘challenge’ to Flood geology
		Paleosols are a favourite objection used against the global Flood and the 6,000-year biblical age of the earth.
		Paleosols are ancient soils that develop during periods of extensive sub-areal [sic] weathering and they are sometimes preserved in the geologic record.
		Paleosols in the midst of a global flood are not possible’ [emphasis in original].
	www.answersingenesis.org /home/area/magazines/tj/docs/v17n3_paleosols.asp (5265 words)

	[No title]
		We propose that paleosols and ichnofossils, in conjunction with the sedimentology and stratigraphy of a unit, be used as a basic framework from which to build on with other paleontological evidence for reconstructing paleoecosystems.
		When paleosols and ichnofossils are evaluated together the environmental and climatic trends of paleoecosystems can be reconstructed and detailed by other sedimentological, paleontological, and geochemical evidence.
		These tracks demonstrate exactly where these organisms spent their time in the environment and the activities in which they may have been involved (herbivory, carnivory, breeding, feeding, etc.), whereas body fossils mainly demonstrate where they died or were carried away and accumulated after death.
	www2.nature.nps.gov /geology/paleontology/pub/grd3_3/pefo2.htm (1808 words)

	PALEOCLIMATIC IMPLICATIONS OF VERTISOLS WITHIN THE KOOBI FORA FORMATION, TURKANA BASIN, NORTHERN KENYA
		The paleosols of the hominid-bearing Plio-Pleistocene Koobi Fora Formation provide valuable paleoenvironmental information which adds to the understanding of the fossil record of early man. Models of modern vertisol genesis are used to interpret the record provided by the Koobi Fora paleosols.
		The Koobi Fora paleosols are crucial in the interpretation of the
		The Kimere paleosol is distinguished from the Elomaliya Pedotype by the massive accumulation of carbonate in the A2k horizon.
	www.lib.utah.edu /epubs/undergrad/vol6/wynn.html (2707 words)

	SPECIAL ISSUE OF CATENA «RECONSTRUCTION AND CLIMATIC IMPLICATIONS OF PALEOSOLS» (Volume 34 nos 1-2 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Paleosols are soils formed in past geological periods, which (a) have been preserved by burial beneath younger sediments, or (b) have remained at the land surface but contain relict features indicating different conditions of climate of vegetation from those of the present.
		In particular, sequences of paleosols formed in the thick loess deposits in various parts of the world provide paleoclimatic records for much or all of the Quaternary period that are at least as detailed as those obtained from deep ocean sediments.
		Paleosols are less frequently preserved in glacial sequences, because they were often removed by repeated glacial erosion.
	fadr.msu.ru /inqua/nl-15/catena.htm (1191 words)

	speleogenesis.net :: Publications
		The appropriate interpretation of paleosols as past exposure surfaces is difficult, because carbonate deposition is not distributed uniformly, paleosol material is commonly transported into vadose and phreatic voids at depth, and micritized horizons similar in appearance to paleosols can develop within existing carbonates.
		Calcarenite protosols are fossiliferous, unstructured paleosols formed during brief emergence events or temporary pauses in carbonate deposition that occur within a single sea-level highstand.
		Terra-rossa paleosols are the result of the cumulative weathering effects of long-term exposure associated with sealevel lowstands, and are underlain by a porous epikarst.
	www.speleogenesis.info /archive/publication.php?PubID=21&Type=publication (10286 words)

	Paleoclimatic Indicators in Paleosols Underlying Pennsylvanian Coal Beds: USA (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Several characteristics of the paleosols indicate long-term soil formation prior to the onset of peat formation.
		Lower and lower Middle Pennsylvanian paleosols under coal beds in the Appalachian basin have features such as gleization, well-crystallized clay minerals, and the absence of subaerial exposure features, all of which indicate peat formation was initiated on poorly drained aquic Inceptisols.
		The paleosol is a paleo-Ultisol in the Appalachian basin and grades to a paleo calcic-Vertisol in the Western Interior basin, which indicates increasing seasonality of rainfall from east to west.
	energy.er.usgs.gov /products/abstracts/AAPG_97/paleosol.htm (271 words)

	Atmosphere of the early earth
		Thus, there are no paleosols that support the idea that the earth's early atmosphere was reducing (or neutral, for the same reasons).
		Ohmoto says: "These characteristics suggest that M-type paleosols formed under an oxic atmosphere, but their Fe[iron] chemistry was modified during and/or after soil formation." Ohmoto also notes that M-type paleosols are the most common of the three types.
		Having discussed the three types of paleosol observed and possible modes of formation, Ohmoto concludes that the minimum pressure of atmospheric oxygen consistent with the data is greater than 1.5% PAL for the entire period of 3.0 - 1.8 Ga.
	www.biblicalcreation.org.uk /scientific_issues/bcs074.html (1289 words)

	Abstract Micromorphological characteristics of four paleosol levels of the Manonga - Wembere deposits in Central ...
		Paleosols intercalate these sediments and were formed when stable landscapes developed on former lake beds during regression periods.
		Micromorphological features of the paleosols indicate strong clay illuviation of red to yellow typic clay coating and some Fe- Mn hydoxide hypocoatings in voids and channels.
		The paleosol levels therefore represent wetter climatic conditions than today in the area during the Lower Pliocene.
	www.episodes.org /backissues/272/Abstract3-27-2.htm (204 words)

	BSRG
		At this meeting (June 19-22nd), we are looking forward to chairing a session highlighting paleosols in clastic and carbonate sequences titled “Discover your roots: paleosols and their applications”.
		It has been awhile since we’ve discussed research on paleosols, and this will be an ideal opportunity to exchange ideas across both clastics and carbonates.
		Themes which will be addressed include recognition and identification of paleosols, paleoclimate and paleo-landform reconstructions, the importance of paleosols as stratigraphic markers, the utility of paleosols in sequence stratigraphy, the diagenetic overprint imparted by paleosols and the importance and significance of paleosols in reservoir characterisation and performance.
	www.bsrg.org.uk /190605.htm (345 words)

	Root Traces and the Identification of Paleosols
		The use of root traces alone to prove the presence of a paleosol is problematic for several reasons, which are enumerated below, and can easily lead to biased interpretations of the genesis of other features in the rock record that could be due to subaerial weathering and soil development, ground water alteration, or diagenesis.
		Because paleosols are typically used to interpret past climates and lengths of time of subaerial exposure, a definition based on soil genesis, rather than plant growth, is advocated.
		Finally, field recognition of paleosols should be based on the identification of more than a single distinct pedogenic feature, as was stressed by the working group at the 1970 Paleopedology Symposium, and has been supported by others conducting research on paleosols (e.g.
	www.fadr.msu.ru /inqua/nl-archive/nl-8-11/roottra.html (1279 words)

	Paleosols (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The paleosol is developed on a granite dated to 1473 Ma and underneath the upper Cambrian-age Lamotte sandstone
		Paleosols are fairly common features throughout the standard geologic column and no doubt are part of the reason that ye-creationists like Woodmorappe/Peczkis choose to reject the geologic column through the use of technical sounding statements.
		Paleosols in the midst of a global flood are not possible.
	www.gondwanaresearch.com /hp/paleosol.htm (3731 words)

	SEDIMENTOLOGY OF THE BRUSHY BASIN MEMBER, MORRISON FORMATION (LATE JURASSIC), WESTERN COLORADO (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The variegated mudstones contain numerous calcareous and non-calcareous paleosols with maturity stages I, II, and III of Retallack.
		Caliche paleosols are present at TT and FP, and to a lesser extent at Echo Canyon; they imply semiaridity and seasonal precipitation.
		Noncalcareous paleosols are incipient soils, whereas the caliche horizons are more mature and perhaps formed under drier conditions.
	gsa.confex.com /gsa/2001AM/finalprogram/abstract_28807.htm (400 words)

	ABSTRACT: Paleosols in Pliocene to Pleistocene sequences of preglacial and glacial sediments, Tintina Trench, Yukon ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Paleosols in long sequences of Pliocene and Pleistocene preglacial and glacial sediments were studied at two sites, East Fifteen Mile River (EFR) and Rock Creek (RC), in the Tintina Trench near Dawson, Yukon Territory.
		Clay mineral suites in the buried paleosols are dominated by varying proportions of smectite, mica, and kaolinite of probable detrital origin.
		These paleosols appear to consist of B horizons displaying relatively weak gradients in morphological and chemical differentiation with depth.
	cgrg.geog.uvic.ca /abstracts/SanbornPaleosolsPaleosols.html (308 words)

	Volume 29 No. 2
		The purpose of the study was to ascertain whether the isotopic signatures of calcareous paleosols in the fine grained facies of the Ogallala and groundwater cements in gravel facies might provide a basis for stratigraphic correlation and/or paleoclimatic interpretation.
		Thus, stratigraphic correlation of paleosols based on isotopic signatures will not be possible unless intensive vertical and lateral sampling capable of distinguishing small differences among paleosols is undertaken.
		Nevertheless, when the mean d18O values for individual paleosols are arranged in the stratigraphic order proposed by Lugn (1939), they increase upsection from about -9.0% to -8.0%, suggesting that the pedogenic environment possibly became more arid through time.
	pubs.gg.uwyo.edu /CTGs/CTG_29-2.htm (1584 words)

	Earth-Pages (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Advances in isotope geochemistry and sequence-stratigraphic models allow more detailed reconstructions of environmental change from paleosols and new insights into diverse topics like atmospheric chemistry, global change, palaeoecology, geobiology and mass extinction.
		This fully updated second edition of soils of the past gives describes the main types of ancient soil, procedures for their recognition and study, their classification and, most significantly, a wide array of examples of how paleosols have been used for paleoenvironmental reconstruction.
		Soils of the Past is written for advanced undergraduates studying paleopedology as part of a degree in geology, environmental science, or physical geography, and for interested professional earth scientists.
	www.earth-pages.com /books.asp?page=book&ref=0632053763 (342 words)

	GARCH-L archives -- October 2003, week 2
		Paleosols: memory of ancient landscapes and living bodies of present ecosystems (fwd) (2 messages)
		Paleosols: memory of ancient landscapes and living bodies of present ecosystems (fwd)
		Paleosols: memory of ancient landscapes and living bodies of present ecosystems (fwd) (71 lines)
	listserv.tamu.edu /cgi/wa?A1=ind0310b&L=garch-l (101 words)

	The Very Best Books : Weathering, Soils & Paleosols (Developments in Earth Surface Processes) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		This volume continues the tradition by exploring the processes of weathering and soil formation as indicators of the present environment of the Earth's land surface.
		Because the surface environment of the earth may now be undergoing rapid change (the greenhouse effect), the book is a timely one for those researchers looking for evidence of analogous changes in the Earth's past.
		And the final section is an interpretation of paleosols.
	www.elise.com /store/0444891986/Weathering_Soils__Paleosols.html (183 words)

	Mostistea Loess Section, Romania
		During the formation of the third paleosol the rainfall value was probably higher with 7% that the present-day value.
		This lake was created for irrigation purpose by dam blocking of a river tributary to the Danube and since its presence, frequent oscillations in the water level amplified the bank’s erosion and now fresh (annually collapse) vertical cliffs outcrop on the western side and on the hilly islands.
		The stratigraphic position of the Matuyama/Brunhes boundary is marked with B/M. S1 paleosol can be correlated with the last interglacial interval (isotope stage 5), S2 paleosol correlates with the interglacial interval corresponding to isotope stage 7 and S3 paleosol correlates with the interglacial interval corresponding to isotope stage 9.
	www.geo.edu.ro /~paleomag/loess-Most.htm (2748 words)

	WGI INFO
		paleosols and non-pedogenic strata result in bright reflections on seismic sections and distinct well log signatures.
		The bounding surfaces are recognized by the existence of stacks of calcic paleosols that exhibit advanced stages of carbonate morphology.
		The use of a sequence stratigraphy with calcic paleosols as boundary indicators is a valuable explorationist tool for the deeper Cenozoic basins of southwestern Montana.
	www.earthmaps.com /wgiinfo.htm (1513 words)

	The University of Arizona Desert Laboratory Past Research Highlights
		The ancestral Awash during this period was dominantly meandering, as it is today, and paleoflow direction, although dispersed by the meandering pattern, was toward the north-northeast.
		Raw material for the implements were the rounded cobbles from the channels, but manufacture and use of the tools was always away from the channel bars, on the nearby sandy banks and silt-dominated floodplains.
		Mature paleosols in the Hadar and Busidima Formations are mostly pale to dark-brown vertisols typified by Ca-smectite, abundant clay slickensides, pseudo-anticlinal and vertical fracturing, and carbonate nodules.
	wwwpaztcn.wr.usgs.gov /rsch_highlight/articles/200501.html (721 words)

	BiggerBooks.com
		Synopsis Buried soils (paleosols) are becoming widely recognized in sedimentary rock sequences and are generating much interest among Earth scientists.
		One reason why paleosols have not been widely recognized until recently is that soil scientists have had little opportunity to consider paleosols in sedimentary and metamorphic rocks.
		With concise text and supporting illustrations, it introduces the basic problems of recognizing paleosols in the field and through laboratory studies, unravelling alteration of paleosols after burial, and interpreting ancient environments and life from paleosols.
	www.biggerbooks.com /bk_detail.asp?ISBN=0471967114 (205 words)

	Coal Beds, Creationism, and Mount St. Helens
		The accumulation of a thin layer of shredded bark at Spirit Lake is irrelevant to how peat is formed, because coal is rarely associated with the highly fragmented, angular volcanic debris that characterizes the material at Spirit Lake.
		Rather, coal occurs interbedded with either nonvolcanic channel sandstones, freshwater limestones, shales, and paleosols of riverine origin or cyclic sequences of sandstones, shales and marine limestones identical to those that comprise modern deltas and coastal plains (Flores 1981, Donaldson et al.
		Finally, the base of many coals lies directly on top of well developed paleosols, often called seatearths, seatclays and fireclays, that would be absent from the base of the Spirit Lake peat (Gardner et al.
	www.talkorigins.org /faqs/mtsthelens.html (2216 words)

	plaisted not amusing henke (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Paleosols have been identified in the Ordovician of the Southern Appalachians (Driese and Foreman, 1992), Silurian of central Pennsylvania (Driese et al., 1992), Devonian of Pennsylvania and New York (Driese et al.
		The properties of a Late Mississippian paleosol from central Tennessee indicate that the climate was semiarid (Caudill et al., 1996), which is also hardly consistent with "Genesis Flood" deposits.
		Joeckel, RM, 1991, "Paleosol Stratigraphy of the Eskridge Formation - Early Permian Pedogenesis and Climate in Southeastern Nebraska," J. of Sed.
	home.austarnet.com.au /stear/plaisted_not_amusing_henke.htm (3871 words)

	Geology 435/535 - Paleopedology
		An account of one of the paleosols seen on the excursion, detailing its field occurrence, all observable features of the paleosol, integrating this information with existing knowledge of the geology and paleontology of the area and interpreting and reconstructing the paleosol and its environment.
		Precambrian paleosols are studied largely by geochemical methods because little comparison can be made to modern soils.
		This paleosol is a Ustoll from the Rattlesnake Formation, Oregon (Retallack, 1991).
	darkwing.uoregon.edu /~gregr/Paleoclasses/geol435.html (499 words)

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