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Topic: Palestinian Declaration of Independence

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	PCPD- Palestinian Center for Peace & Democracy (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		Palestinian situation, the proposed initiatives and a revision of the PDI Document and its appendixes, "The Political Statement." Accordingly, participants will conclude that the strategic option for Palestinians to achieve their national interests is peace as stated in the PDI Document.
		In Palestine, Palestinians will enjoy full rights and their religious and political beliefs will be respected in light of a democratic republican parliamentarian system that is based on the principle of separation of the three authorities: the executive, the legislative and the judiciary.
		On the anniversary of the Declaration of Independence, we bow with awe and respect to the martyrs and we salute the heroic prisoners and courageous wounded and all those who defend the precious national soil.
	www.pcpd.org /ourprojects/peaceprogram.htm (3343 words)

	Declaration of independence - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Declaration of the Independence of New Zealand (1835) - This was a declaration of the independence of the Maori tribes.
		Declaration of Independence of Guinea-Bissau (1973) - Guinea-Bissau, formerly Portuguese Guinea, declared independence from Portugal in 1973.
		Declaration of Independence of the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus (1983) - The Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus was proclaimed in northern Cyprus in 1983.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Declaration_of_Independence (1632 words)

	Palestinian Declaration of Independence - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Declaration of Independence was adopted by the Palestinian National Council, the legislative body of the Palestinian Liberation Organization (PLO), in Algiers on 15 November 1988.
		It unilaterally proclaimed the establishment of a new independent state called the "State of Palestine" but at that time the PLO had no control of any territory.
		While the declaration concerns Palestine, as defined by the British Mandate of Palestine, (which includes the whole of Israel), it is generally interpreted to have recognized Israel in its pre 1967 boundaries, or was at least a major step on this path.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Palestinian_Declaration_of_Independence (232 words)

	Palestinian state legal basis in place say experts -- Middle East Times
		The just-installed Palestinian national unity government's "main goal is to establish an independent Palestinian state in the territories occupied in 1967," according to its political platform adopted by the Palestinian Legislative Council (PLC) March 17.
		On at least four occasions, Palestinians have prepared to declare a Palestinian state in the occupied territories: in 1948, 1988, 1999, and in 2000.
		The Oslo Process between Israel and the PLO, Palestinians' legitimate representative, is evident proof of the capacity to determine the fate of the occupied territories, Kohen said.
	www.metimes.com /print.php?StoryID=20070322-113145-3234r (1959 words)

	Palestinian National Council Declaration of Independence (November 14, 1988)
		The session was also distinguished by its focus on the great national Palestinian intifada as one of the major milestones in the contemporary history of the Palestinian people's revolution, on a par with the legendary steadfastness of our people in their camps in our occupied land and outside it.
		It was in Palestine, cradle of humanity's three monotheistic faiths, that the Palestinian Arab people was born, and it was there that it grew and developed, its unbroken, uninterrupted organic relationship with its land and its history molding its human and national being.
		The people that had been denied independence and whose homeland had become the victim of a new breed of occupation became the target of attempts to propagate the lie that "Palestine is a land without a people".
	www.fmep.org /documents/PalestinianNationalCouncilDeclarationOfIndependence.html (2828 words)

	"International Recognition of a Unilaterally Declared Palestinian State: Legal and Policy Dilemmas" by Tal Becker
		Similarly, a Palestinian declaration of statehood which purported to include parts of Jerusalem within the territory of a Palestinian "state" would be legally meaningless in light of the absence of any Palestinian authority over Jerusalem, and the actual exercise of Israeli sovereignty and jurisdiction in all parts of the city.
		Palestinian efforts to acquire statehood are in fact weakened by advancing a claim before the requisite degree of control is established, and by the attempt to extend this claim to areas which clearly lack any semblance of Palestinian sovereign authority.
		In conclusion, a unilateral Palestinian declaration of statehood, which is not coordinated with Israel, constitutes a fundamental violation of repeated and legally binding undertakings to resolve outstanding issues by negotiation and to refrain from unilateral acts.
	www.jcpa.org /art/becker2.htm (13243 words)

	EU Position on Jerusalem and Palestinian States (Yotam Feldner) May, 1999
		Another reason for the Palestinian leadership's positive view of the EU position is the consequence of a European adherence to Resolution 181 over the possibility of a unilateral declaration of an independent Palestinian state.
		Resolution 181 was mentioned as a source of authority for the Palestinian state in the "Palestinian Declaration of Independence" in Algiers in 1988.
		The declaration reflects a qualitative change in the official position of the EU in that the Palestinian right to a state is not subordinated to the negotiations with Israel and/or to the existing agreements between Israel and the PLO which are now to serve only as a preferred alternative.
	www.freeman.org /m_online/may99/feldner.htm (1310 words)

	Document: Palestinian Declaration of Independence, 15 Nov 1988
		Palestine, the land of the three monotheistic faiths, is where the Palestinian Arab people was born, on which it grew, developed and excelled.
		The Palestinian people was never separated from or diminished in its integral bonds with Palestine.
		The State of Palestine herewith declares that it believes in the settlement of regional and international disputes by peaceful means, in accordance with the UN Charter and resolutions.
	www.al-bab.com /arab/docs/pal/pal3.htm (1211 words)

	ZNet \|Israel/Palestine \| Palestinians have been demanding democracy for 80 years
		Palestinians had set up a number of mechanisms many years ago to make such a transition quick and transparent along with its demands for an open, democratic system.
		In series of proposals between early 1992 and mid-1993, Palestinian negotiators called for the establishment of an interim self-government authority with an elected legislative assembly of 180 members, a 20-member executive council whose chairman would be elected by the legislative assembly, and an independent judiciary.
		The fact that the Palestinian people do not have a democratic state of their own after more than 80 years is not for lack of want or effort.
	www.zmag.org /content/showarticle.cfm?SectionID=107&ItemID=6680 (2154 words)

	The Palestinian Declaration of Independence and Faisal Husseini
		The thesis underlying the proposal for the declaration of independence is that there is already a functioning quasi-government in the occupied territories on both national and local levels.
		But beyond this, to be truly meaningful, a declaration of independence requires that the Palestinians in the occupied territories be capable of standing alone, independent of the occupiers.
		It has organized the Palestinians to a degree that never has existed before in their history and it is building an infrastructure suitable for a future independent state.
	www.wrmea.com /backissues/1088/8810003.html (1336 words)

	Washingtonpost.com: Middle East Report
		Seeking to head off a Palestinian declaration of independence, President Clinton appealed to Israel and the Palestinian leadership yesterday to renew their peace talks swiftly and accept a one-year timetable for final settlement of their half-century-old conflict.
		It remained unclear, however, whether Clinton's letter will satisfy Palestinians, who have felt stymied in talks on their "permanent status." Under the Oslo accords, a five-year interim period was supposed to end next week with agreements on borders, refugees, the future of Jerusalem and other issues.
		Palestinian officials had been hoping that Clinton's letter would be something approximating a latter-day "Balfour Declaration," the 1917 British statement of support for a Jewish homeland in Palestine that laid a foundation of international support for what became the Israeli state.
	www.washingtonpost.com /wp-srv/inatl/longterm/me_peace/stories/clinton042799.htm (726 words)

	The Most Important Event in 1988 For Palestine: Two Views
		The declaration of Palestinian independence by the PNC on November 15 has been the most exciting Palestinian event of 1988, however, and potentially the most significant.
		Like the American declaration of independence, it is not a self-executing resolution, but it is an historic turning point in a national struggle that has meandered and finally found its course.
		The Palestinian declaration of independence came as a Palestinian assertion that "murder will out," to uncover a historic forgery, and to right a truth that has been stood on its head for too long.
	www.wrmea.com /backissues/1288/8812009a.htm (597 words)

	Professor Francis Boyle, International law and Palestinian indendent day
		On November 15, 1988, the independent state of Palestine was proclaimed by the Palestine National Council (PNC), meeting in Algiers, by a vote of 253 to 46, as well as in front of Al-Aksa Mosque in Jerusalem, the capital of the new state, after the close of prayers.
		This Declaration of Independence explicitly accepted the U.N. General Assembly's Partition Resolution 181(II) of 1947, which called for the creation of a Jewish state and an Arab state in the former Mandate for Palestine, together with an international trusteeship for the City of Jerusalem.
		Today, the acceptance of the Partition Resolution in their actual Declaration of Independence signals a genuine desire by the Palestinian People to transcend the past 50 years of history and to reach an historic accommodation with Israel on the basis of a two-state solution.
	www.hartford-hwp.com /archives/27a/099.html (1303 words)

	Student Edition Lesson 4: The Israeli Palestinian Conflict, Rev. 2nd ed., Nov. 93 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		The Palestinian population of Jerusalem went from 75,000 to 3,500; of Jaffa from 70,000 to 3,600; of Haifa from 71,000 to 2,900; of Lydda-Ramle from 35,000 to 2,000; of Tiberias from 5,300 to zero.
		Palestinians came to believe that if they were ever to have their land, they would have to do it themselves.
		Although many Palestinians, including some PLO leaders, had said for several years that they accepted a "two-state" solution to the Israeli-Palestinian conflict, it was not until 1988 that a clear official PLO declaration was made.
	www.umich.edu /~iinet/worldreach/assets/docs/israeli-palestinian_conflict/studentlesson4.html (3822 words)

	Al-Awda/PRRC - Palestinian Declaration of Independence (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		Resolute throughout that history, the Palestinian Arab people forged its national identity, rising even to unimagined levels in its defense, as invasion, the design of others, and the appeal special to Palestine's ancient and luminous place on the eminence where powers and civilizations are joined.
		And the collective Palestinian national will forged for itself a political embodiment, the Palestine Liberation Organization, its sole, legitimate representative recognized by the world community as a whole, as well as by related regional and international institutions.
		With prejudice to its natural right to defend its territorial integrity and independence, it therefore rejects the threat or use of force, violence and terrorism against its territorial integrity or political independence, as it also rejects their use against territorial integrity of other states.
	www.al-awda.org /palestiniandeclarationofindependence (1333 words)

	Moham
		Although the Palestinian national identity existed well before the start of the century, this article focuses more on the period that followed the 1948 war, which, among other things, resulted in the dispersion of the Palestinian people, the shredding of their society and the reorientation of their politics and identity.
		Palestinians who became subject to Israel's direct control after 1948 experienced what is known as the "Israelification" of the Palestinian Arabs, which entailed the granting of Israeli citizenship, not nationality, to the non-Jewish residents living within the Green Line boundaries.
		The abandoning of the Palestinian diaspora by the mainstream leadership of the PLO was in itself a radical shift in the organization's political orientations.
	social.chass.ncsu.edu /jouvert/v3i3/moham.htm (9204 words)

	ipedia.com: State of Palestine Article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		The State of Palestine was unilaterally proclaimed on November 15, 1988, by the Palestinian National Council, the legislative body of the PLO, in Tunis.
		The State of Palestine is not recognized by the United Nations or by any western country, by contrast some European Union countries (including the United Kingdom) maintain diplomatic ties with the Palestinian Authority established under the auspices of the Oslo Accords.
		The 2003 Road map for peace calls for a series of steps, each contingent on the previous steps, leading to the establishment of a Palestinian state.
	www.ipedia.com /state_of_palestine.html (258 words)

	Independence: From Dream to Reality (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		The prospect of achieving independence in just six months’ time brings us to admit frankly that we are very late in helping to suggest the steps necessary for confronting the various Israeli reactions to the creation of our state.
		We Palestinians believe that our state, which will be established on the basis of UN Resolutions 181, 242, and 338, as well as on the principle of land for peace, will mean peace and stability for both peoples.
		Our declaration of statehood will have its effect on our people when they find that their state is at last a sovereign state, and when they see that the lands formerly occupied by Israel are part of the new Palestinian independent state.
	www.fateh.net /e_editor/98/151198.htm (1725 words)

	MIFTAH (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		Over the past two decades, no non-Palestinian has had as much direct and personal experience in the struggle for Palestinian self-determination, human rights, and an independent state of their own as the author.
		Starting in 1987, he served as Legal Advisor to the Palestine Liberation Organization on the Palestinian Declaration of Independence of 15 November 1988 as well as on the ensuing Palestinian Peace Initiative.
		Refugees wishing to return to their homes and live at peace with their neighbours should be permitted to do so at the earliest practical date.
	www.miftah.org /goodread02.cfm (361 words)

	Inquiry and Analysis Series - No. 7
		First, their intention of declaring statehood on May 4, 1999 poses to them the question of what should be the borders of this state.
		Since their declaration will not meet Israel's approval, Palestinians are focusing their efforts on gaining international support that will compel Israel to accept their Declaration of Independence.
		The Palestinians see their engagement in the peace process that is based on UN Resolution 242 as a major concession.
	memri.org /bin/articles.cgi?Page=countries&Area=palestinian&ID=IA0798 (1204 words)

	The Dangers of a Palestinian State (Avi Davis) December, 2001
		Colin Powell talks and acts as if the Palestinian declaration of independence has already been signed and the media is abuzz with Palestine's imminent creation.
		The establishment of a hostile Palestinian state within miles of Israel's major cities, eclipses the Jewish state's vital warning time for a potential Arab invasion and the minimum space its reserves require for mobilization.
		Poverty will remain the lot of most Palestinians for the foreseeable future as billions in foreign aid are creamed off by the Palestinian elites to finance personal empires.
	www.freeman.org /m_online/dec01/davis1.htm (757 words)

	Palestine Independence Day
		This Palestinian Declaration of Independence explicitly accepted the UN General Assembly's Partition Resolution 181(II) of 1947, which called for the creation of a Jewish state and an Arab state in the former Mandate for Palestine, together with an international trusteeship for the City of Jerusalem.
		Today, the acceptance of the Partition Resolution in their actual Declaration of Independence signals a genuine desire by the Palestinian people to transcend the past century of bitter conflict with Jewish people in their midst in order to reach an historic accommodation with them on the basis of a two-state solution.
		In this regard, it should be emphasized that Israel also officially accepted the UN Partition Resolution in its own Declaration of Independence and further, as a condition for its admission to membership in the United Nations Organization.
	www.globalresearch.ca /index.php?context=viewArticle&code=BOY20061114&articleId=3864 (2183 words)

	Palestinian National Council Declaration of Independence
		It was in Palestine, cradle of humanity's three monotheistic faiths, that the Palestinian Arab people was born, and it was there that it grew and developed, its unbroken, uninterrupted organic relationship with its land and its history molding its human and national being.
		The people that had been denied independence and whose homeland had become the victim of a new breed of occupation became the target of attempts to propagate the lie that "Palestine is a land without a people".
		The State of Palestine declares its commitment to the principles and objectives of the United Nations, and to the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, and to the principles and policy of non-alignment.
	www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org /jsource/Peace/pncdec.html (2819 words)

	Special Report - No. 3
		Palestinian Representative to the UN, Naser Al-Qidwa, addressing the PLO Central Committee discussing the issue of May 4th, 1999: "The Palestinian state has been existing for a long time, on the basis of international law and the natural rights of the Palestinian people, both through Resolution 181 and the Declaration of Independence from 1988...
		Palestinian Legislative Council Member, Jamal Al-Shati: "there is a tangible confusion between the declaration of the state in 1988 and the UN 1947 Resolution 181 The recent statements by Israeli Foreign Minister Sharon that Resolution 181 is null and void due to the [Historical] circumstances...
		For an important Palestinian political faction the Partition Resolution 181 constitutes one of the foundations for the negotiations, because it affirms the principle of the establishment of a Palestinian state alongside the Jewish state.
	memri.org /bin/articles.cgi?Page=archives&Area=sr&ID=SR00399 (7482 words)

	Ariga: Peace: Historic Documents and Treaties: Palestinian Declaration of Independence
		Resolute throughout that history, the Palestinian Arab people forged its national identity, rising even to unimagined levels in its defense, as invasion, the design of others, and the appeal special to Palestine's ancient and luminous place on the eminence where powers and civilizations are joined.
		With prejudice to its natural right to defend its territorial integrity and independence, it therefore rejects the threat or use of force, violence and terrorism against its territorial integrity or political independence, as it also rejects their use against territorial integrity of other states.
		To the souls of our sainted martyrs, the whole of our Palestinian Arab people that our struggle shall be continued until the occupation ends, and the foundation of our sovereignty and independence shall be fortified accordingly.
	www.ariga.com /treaties/palindependencedeclaration.shtml (1529 words)

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