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	The Pan Am Building
		W.J. Rayment / -- The Pan Am Building in New York was completed in 1963.
		The Pan Am Building was built by the New York Central Railroad, which owned the property.
		The history of the Pan Am Building is chronicled in The Pan Am Building, by Meredith D. Clausen.
	www.indepthinfo.com /books/1.shtml (262 words)

	everythingPanAm
		At the out break of the war Pan Am had more experience with long distance flying than the US Air Force and was able to offer unparalleled assistance to the United States in building airports around the globe, training pilots, navigators and radio operators, ferrying supplies and aircraft as well as flying special critical missions.
		Pan Am's most famous flight of World War II was carrying President Roosevelt to Africa to meet with Stalin and Churchill.
		Pan Am was especially vulnerable as it had the least significant domestic network of all the major US airlines.
	www.everythingpanam.com (2082 words)

	Reference.com/Encyclopedia/Pan American World Airways
		Pan Am's holding company, the Aviation Corporation of the Americas, was one of the hottest stocks on the New York Curb Exchange in 1929, and flurries of speculation surrounded each of its new route awards.
		The Pan Am brand was sold to investors and resulted in an airline that operated from 1996 to 1998, an airline that operated from 1998 to 2004, and an airline that has operated under the Pan Am brand since 2005.
		Another Pan Am 747, the Clipper Victor (which was the first Boeing 747 to have a commercially scheduled flight in 1970) was involved in the Tenerife disaster on March 27, 1977, the worst disaster in aviation history (excluding the events of 9/11).
	www.reference.com /browse/wiki/Pan_Am (5192 words)

	The Midtown Book -The MetLife (formerly the Pan Am) Building (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		On the one hand, the building is a marvel of robust engineering and circulation in its interconnections with the terminal and is the finest example in the United States of the Brutalist School of architecture for its form is aggressive and sure and it is a paradigm of well-planned, impressive and very efficient public spaces.
		The New York Central Building, now known as the Helmsley Building (see The City Review article) at 230 Park Avenue, straddled the avenue with remarkable grace and its distinguished pyramid, Chateau-inspired roof was the great centerpiece of Park Avenue.
		Historically, this building was erected at a time when large office tenants wanted large floors to minimize the inconvenience of having to shuttle between several floors.
	www.thecityreview.com /panam.html (1718 words)

	NEW YORK SCRAPERS - INTERNATIONAL STYLE I
		The building was also revolutionary in being the first skyscraper to utilize the clause in city zoning regulations that allowed a building to rise straight up without setbacks if it occupied only a quarter of the plot.
		And because the building preceded the legislation of plaza bonuses (only coming to force as a law in December 1961), its bulk was made possible by using only a quarter of the plot for the tower footprint, thus giving it unlimited height as per the 1916 zoning.
		The buildings employ a similar style of fl steel spandrels and soaring white mullions framing the dark-tinted glass -- although here the vertical mullions alternate with narrower fl ones, as opposed to their more "dominating" presence on the neighbouring building's facade -- and the building is at 209.5 m of approximately the same size.
	www.greatgridlock.net /NYC/nyc3.html (8620 words)

	BOOKFORUM \| apr/may 2005
		The decision by Pan Am in 1960 to adopt the building as its headquarters was symbolic of the shift in power that had occurred as the lumbering, unprofitable railroad industry, and the ways of thinking that went with it, gave way to the jet age, then approaching its zenith in terms of its cultural power.
		It was with this aim in mind that the building's rooftop heliport was installed, despite the vociferous protests of New Yorkers (this was a statistically risky form of travel, after all).
		Pan Am, once the world's preeminent airline, was already beginning its descent into bankruptcy, and the crash seemed to augur not just the airline's coming demise but the final flameout of jet-age modernism.
	www.bookforum.com /archive/apr_05/vanderbilt.html (952 words)

	Pan Am Boxing: Class Leaders
		Whether he is working the front desk, leading a class, participating in Pan Am’s fights, sparring or shadow boxing, you will quickly learn that he is around more often than not.
		In 2006, she decided to ‘retire’ but continues to be involved in Pan Am’s classes and fights.
		Ami joined Pan Am in 2002 and has been a class leader for the past year and a half.
	www.panamboxing.com /leaders.html (1190 words)

	v-2 Organisation \| news \| The Pan Am building, and getting more than one bargained for (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		This was a more general glamour, an urbanism that was brusque and swaggering but still somehow sensual, and it was vitally dependent on all the qualities that made Pan Am such a poor addition to the city in other ways: the scale, the arrogance, the sweep.
		So I was happy to see Meredith Clausen's The Pan Am Building and the Shattering of the Modernist Dream offered for pre-order a few months back, figuring this iconic and simultaneously oddly anonymous building deserved a book all its own, if not several.
		Personally, perhaps surprisingly, I love the building and have often fantasized about paying the present owners to reinstall the proper signage, but I'm also ever aware of the opportunity costs imposed by building anything this large and dominating.
	www.v-2.org /displayArticle.php?article_num=912 (450 words)

	Pan American World Airways
		Pan Am's founder, Juan Trippe, was the world's first airline tycoon, the imperial skygod, his company the aviation pioneer that came to be known as America's Imperial Airline.
		Pan Am would also be the first to order the Boeing 747 jumbo jet, which flew for the first time in 1970 from New York to London.
		Pan Am was buffeted like a propeller plane in an updraft, handicapped not only by its lack of a domestic route system, but by an uninspiring succession of chief executives and a top-heavy management.
	www.pan-american.de /artikel-airapparent.htm (5301 words)

	Streetscapes/The MetLife Building, Originally the Pan Am Building; Critics Once Called It Ugly; Now They're Not Sure - ...
		IN 1963 the Pan Am Building, just north of Grand Central Terminal, was to many critics one of the biggest and ugliest things on the Manhattan skyline.
		The 57-story building's roots go back a half century, to when the rail lines that used Grand Central faced a decline in traffic and were looking for ways to increase revenue.
		Since the proposed building's shorter east-west axis was about the same width as the tower of the New York Central Building (now the Helmsley Building), which had been built in 1929 just to the north, the new building was designed to retain much of the silhouette of the earlier structure.
	query.nytimes.com /gst/fullpage.html?res=9C06E6D71F3DF934A35753C1A9679C8B63&sec=&pagewanted=print (1251 words)

	WFUV Bulletin Boards : Pan Am building songs
		Pan Am remained a major tennent of the building until it went out of business.
		It never stopped him from walking through the building (nor me), but we were relieved when the heliport on the roof was closed.
		They are the original Met Life Building, 11 Madison Avenue (between 24th and 25th Streets) the Met Life Tower, on 24th Street and the newer building, One Madiosn Avenue, which was built about 40 years ago between 23rd and 24th Street.
	www.wfuv.org /cgi-bin/ultimatebb.cgi?ubb=get_topic&f=4&t=000479 (673 words)

	Michael Manning: THE INTERVIEW: REMEMBERING PAN AM: JEFF KRIENDLER (PART 2)
		Pan Am also had the good sense, as it was making history, to make sure that all of the documentation of the historical events were saved.
		They were partly in The Pan Am Building (at 200 Park Avenue, New York), there were some items in New Jersey, some of them had been loaned out, and there were small exhibits through the years in different terminals.
		Now, some were sent down there, and toward the end of summer 1991, when it looked like we were moving Pan Am II to Miami and moving out of the Pan Am Building (Delta agreed to finance a scaled down Pan Am--referenced earlier--owning 55% with creditors owning the remaining 45%).
	michaelmanning.tv /blog/2006/12/interview-remembering-pan-am-jeff_16.html (1315 words)

	Reis.com: Determining Real Estate Value: Then and Now
		The first major office building to be sold on the basis of an IRR analysis was the Pan Am (now known as the MetLife) Building at 200 Park Avenue situated above Grand Central Terminal, arguably the 100 percent location in Manhattan.
		Moreover, more than half of the square footage at the Pan Am Building, or about 1,150,000 square feet, was set to expire in 1983 and 1984, enabling the purchaser of the property to substantially increase rents, and therefore the return on their investment.
		At the same time, Landauer estimated the IRR on the Seagram Building sale to be 12.7 percent, very much in line with that of the Pan Am Building, despite the wide disparity in first year returns.
	www.reis.com /insights/insights.cfm?id=3109 (2065 words)

	MetLife (Pan Am) Building - Wired New York Forum
		Formerly the PanAm airlines building, the elongated octagonal shape was meant to represent the shape of an airplanes wing.
		Pan Am sealed it off like Hoover Dam did to the Colorado (quite impressive to drive over!).
		It is an interesting building, but a lot of people hate(d) it because it overshadows the Helmsley Building, which was meant to be a visual capstone to Park Avenue from both directions.
	www.wirednewyork.com /forum/showthread.php?p=6732 (782 words)

	New York City Car Rental and the Pan Am Building
		This is the most money a building has ever gone for in the United States, showing just what a great piece of work it really is. Visit the Pan Am Building on your next NYC car rental vacation for a memorable experience that will last a lifetime.
		The shape of the building is modeled after the Pirelli Tower in Milan because of its tablet shape that is rare among buildings throughout the world.
		The Pan Am Building is included in the helicopter shots of the film "Hackers" and it is also featured in a quick shot of the 2005 movie "Rent".
	www.nycexoticcarrentals.com /pan-am-building.php (648 words)

	Manhattan Towers for Sale \| TIME
		The Pan Am Building's buyer was Metropolitan Life Insurance Co., the nation's second biggest, which has lately been pouring large hunks of its $46 billion in assets into real estate deals around the country.
		Pan Am, for example, wants to retire some of the $1.1 billion in long-term debt that it has built up to pay for new fuel-efficient jets.
		Pan Am was also looking for cash because in the first half of the year it sustained an operating loss of $108.5 million.
	www.time.com /time/magazine/article/0,9171,924365,00.html (710 words)

	Alan Pre-Fab Building - -Custom Modular Buildings since 1966. In California! Metal Pan Building
		Pan Buildings are reasonably easy to assemble, because very little layout is involved.
		Pan Buildings are Type II non rated structures.
		The building gets its strength only as the last piece of framing is put in place, then it is an integrated structure.
	www.alanprefab.com /Panbldg.html (276 words)

	Associated Press Business News: Investment Firm Buys Pan-Am Building - MSN Money (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Pan-American Life Insurance Co., the building's previous owner, just signed a 10-year lease, Carpenter said, and he is confident Equastone will have the building nearly filled within the next two years.
		He said the company is proud the building will continue to bear the Pan-American name and that the company will remain the building's largest tenant.
		The building, minimally damaged by Katrina, includes an eight-story parking garage, cafe and conference center and is connected to a hotel.
	news.moneycentral.msn.com /inc/news/providerredir.asp?Feed=AP&Date=20061227&ID=6304201 (276 words)

	Pan Am Building
		The Metlife building, still known as the Pan Am Building is probably the one skyscraper most New Yorkers would like to see demolished.
		Due to its location though, the building completely blocks the view on Park Avenue and the New York Central building(Grand Central Terminal and the New York Central Building - the New York Central Railways and the New Haven Railways - decided to develop the area.
		The 246 meter tall building was completed in 1963 and incorporates an immense 390,700 m2 office space.
	www.newyorkbestoffer.com /nyc/panam.htm (361 words)

	The Pan Am Building and the Shattering of the Modernist Dream - Meredith L. Clausen - Product Details - USA :: ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		The only drawback is the overly academic, detached tone which lessens the thesis that the Pan Am assisted in the fall of the modernist regime.
		The building is not only on New Yorkers' most hated list; though it has had a few defenders, it has since its inception drawn criticism from a worldwide public, from architects, and from professional architecture critics.
		The Pan Am Building was conceived in 1958.
	www.ttgapers.com /module-ttStore-product-asin-0262033240-locale-us.html (1008 words)

	Tishman Speyer
		When the doors of The MetLife Building opened on March 7, 1963, it was known as "The Pan Am Building" and was the focal point of Park Avenue.
		Today, this building is known as "The MetLife Building." It stretches from East 43rd Street to East 45th Street and offers direct access to Grand Central Terminal, an important transportation hub in New York City.
		The building's identity switched from "The Pan Am Building" to "The MetLife Building" in early 1993.
	www.tishmanspeyer.com /properties/Property.aspx?id=57 (369 words)

	Modern Design, Walter Gropius & Pan Am Building (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Furthermore, it is the only Walter Gropius building with an original colored interior: all of the inside walls and windows were colored based on the ideas of Alfred Arndt, also a member of the Bauhaus.
		The Pan Am Building and the reaction to it signaled the end of an era.
		This extraordinary book presents thirty-eight of the most renowned and significant buildings of America's premier architect Frank Lloyd Wright, from his early Prairie work in Oak Park, Illinois, in the 1890s to his daring creations of the 1940s and 1950s.
	www.abfimagazine.com /architecture/data/00009.htm (462 words)

	Commercial Property: Pan Am Building; '200 Park Avenue' Preferred - New York Times
		As to whether Pan Am would keep any offices in the namesake building, he said: "I can't tell you one way or the other.
		At the moment, the 2.9 million-square-foot building is 95 percent occupied, according to Eileen J. Koffler, a senior analyst at Met Life for real estate investments.
		Besides Pan Am, the largest tenants are the law firm of Rogers & Wells, which has 257,000 square feet under lease; the Dreyfus Corporation, 230,000; Mitsui & Company (U.S.A.), 170,000; the law firm of Coudert Brothers, 125,000 and the law firm of Whitman & Ransom, 110,000.
	query.nytimes.com /gst/fullpage.html?res=9D0CE7DD153EF93BA2575BC0A967958260 (702 words)

	Pan Am Historical Foundation
		The goal of the Pan Am Historical Foundation is to preserve the history and accomplishments of Pan American World Airways, and the people who worked to make her the World's Greatest Airline.
		The Association's objective is to acquire Pan Am's original Dinner Key flying boat terminal, presently the Miami City Hall, to serve as the permanent museum.
		The celebration was attended by a number of national and local dignitaries, including former Pan Am staff who worked with the "flying boats" in San Francisco, who were on hand to witness the re-creation of the historic "First Trans-Pacific Flight".
	www.panam.com /pafond1.htm (803 words)

	Review: Clausen \| The Pan Am Building and the Shattering of the Modernist Dream - Fungible Convictions
		But the Pan Am Building was designed by two of the most respected architects of their time Walter Gropius and Pietro Belluschi and situated over Grand Central Terminal.
		Meredith Clausen’s meticulously researched, yet alternately admirable and maddening, The Pan Am Building and the Shattering of the Modernist Dream, is overstuffed with details regarding the project.
		Anyone who comes out in favor of the Pan Am comes out as a weak-willed shill of the establishment, while opponents are the voice of the people.
	fungibleconvictions.com /2005/07/06/review-clausen-the-pan-am-building-and-the-shattering-of-the-modernist-dream (966 words)

	Pan Am History: The Pan Am Building
		The Pan Am building at the foot of Park Avenue towered over the middle of Manhattan.
		It was finished in 1963 and was the largest commercial office building in the world.
		The building was later sold to Metropolitan Life Insurance
	www.panamair.org /History/building.htm (60 words)

	Article \| Machine City Over Manhattan
		LIKE most cliches, the contention that the Pan Am Building (now called Met Life) towering over Grand Central is New York's most reviled building is almost certainly true.
		Even better, the building's architects should themselves be eminent and eloquent, capable of defending their creation even against the onslaught of public fury.
		The Pan Am Building permanently blemished the reputations of both architects.
	www.manhattan-institute.org /html/_nypost-machine_city.htm (432 words)

	Ed Driscoll.com: 1969: The Shattering of the Modernist Dream
		Manhattan's Seagram building, on Park Avenue, has long been considered one of Mies's great successes (and one of my favorites, which was partially why I chose it for the unofficial Pajamas pre-launch party that grew like Topsy).
		Ironically, during the Pan Am building's planning and construction, Gropius saw it as the bookend to a career that included the founding of the Bauhaus in the 1920s.
		And indeed, there was good reason to loathe the beast: Pan Am (since renamed in the 1980s for current owner Met Life), dwarfed handsome Grand Central Station with its towering bulk, cut Park Avenue in half, and was--and is--considered ugly and brutal by the vast majority of New Yorkers.
	eddriscoll.com /archives/008350.php (464 words)

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