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Topic: Panathenaia

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	Bryn Mawr Classical Review 94.03.09
		The main difference between the fl-figure cup and the Parthenon frieze is that the east frieze, with seated deities and the central "peplos scene", is not paralleled.
		Particular difficulties are the absence from the frieze of certain elements known to have been part of the historical procession, such as a wheeled ship, female kanephoroi, and hoplites, and the presence of certain elements not documented as part of the procession, such as male water carriers and chariots.
		This feature, one incompatible with the Panathenaia, is explained by interpreting the army as present in the precinct where the human sacrifices will be performed and where weapons are inappropriate.
	ccat.sas.upenn.edu /bmcr/1994/94.03.09.html (4593 words)

	festivals (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		It was, essentially, a big parade to bring a new peplos (robe) to the goddess, in the form of her cult statue inside the Parthenon on the Acropolis.
		The parade itself put on display Athens' wealth (in the form of the animals to be sacrificed), its military prowess (in the calvary and chariot maneuvers), and its well-behaved, industrious women (who wove the new dress).
		Among other things, the Panathenaia was looked forward to for the enormous quantity of meat divided up among the festival organizers and the people of Athens.
	www.uark.edu /campus-resources/achilles/festivals/festivals.html (1802 words)

	Scholia Reviews ns 14 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		The three chapters of PRHM are in essence self-contained pieces, which is perhaps not surprising as all three have previously been published elsewhere, and assume the reader to be fully acquainted with Nagy's previous publications.
		By way of establishing a methodological context, some space is devoted to a brief summary of Nagy's evolutionary model for the construction of Homeric poetry, followed by a statement of the need to integrate both synchronic and diachronic approaches for a fuller interpretation of Homeric poetry.
		Nagy then moves to consider the status of Plato's Timaeus, connecting the peplos of the goddess Athena, woven for the occasion of the Panathenaia, with the 'concept of the humnos that is being notionally created for the purpose of celebrating the goddess on the occasion off the Panathenaia in Athens' (p.
	www.classics.und.ac.za /reviews/05-25nag.htm (1106 words)

	[No title]
		The main difference between the fl- figure cup and the Parthenon frieze is that the east frieze, with seated deities and the central "peplos scene", is not paralleled.
		The differences between the two are irreconcilable Richard Hamilton, Bryn Mawr College, in "Prize Problems at the Panathenaia," moves away from the Parthenon and its sculptural decoration to discuss the administration of and prizes awarded in the Panathenaic games.
		The prominence of Pandrosos in the cult of Athena and of Aglauros in the Ephebic Oath is parallelled by the Kekropids' appearance--as owls--in art, on units of weight, and on coins.
	www.infomotions.com /serials/bmcr/bmcr-9403-peirce-symposium.txt (4671 words)

	Panathenaia \| Encyclopedia of Religion
		One of the great pan-Hellenic festivals of the city of Athens and its tutelary deity, Athena, the Panathenaia can be seen as a commemorative celebration of the city's foundation.
		While the Panathenaia can be fully appreciated only in relation to all other festivals of the agricultural year, its importance is to mark the ancient founding of the city and the start of a fertile year: It is a New Year festival.
		The gist of the festival seems to be the symbolic association between fertility and autochthony, which accords well with the structural logic of the myths surrounding Athena: The goddess who was born without mother gives birth to progeny without her virginal status being violated.
	www.bookrags.com /research/panathenaia-eorl-10 (612 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Most scholars believe that the Parthenon frieze depicts either the Panathenaia festival or a conglomeration of various festivals, but it is not relevant to this paper’s argument to further discuss which two of these hypotheses are correct.
		Nagy argues further that there is no proof that the archons took part in the Panathenaia except for the archon basileus, so he accepts the identification of figure 18 in that respect.
		Since the athlothetai had a lot to do with the creation of the peplos and the east frieze is dedicated to the peplos, he believes it is more likely to be the head athlothetas rather than the head archon.
	www.ancientromancoins.biz /frieze.html (4474 words)

	Cities and Patron Deities
		Procedure of oath taking involved swearing on the victims of a sacrifice while intoning a formula that called on gods to be witnesses and invoked divine punishment on perjurors.
		The King Arkhon at Athens had charge of the Eleusinian mysteries and Lenaia and Panathenaia festivals, directed civic sacrifices, and pronounced religious interdict on those condemned for impiety.
		Panathenaia had long been celebrated with in 566 an attempt was made by Athens to produce a rival to festivals of the Olympian, Pythian and Nemean, and Isthmian Games, which had been organized into an interlocking circuit (periodos) in previous decade.
	www.albany.edu /faculty/lr618/polis.html (4493 words)

	[No title]
		The Panathenaia is, in effect, the celebration of Athena's birthday, for according to tradition 28 Hekatombion was the day She burst from Zeus's head (depicted on the east pediment of the Parthenon).
		Every fourth year the Greater Panathenaia is held, for which a new peplos (robe) is woven for the Goddess (Her birthday present).
		This indoor rite is older than the outdoor sacrifice, which was the destination of the south line, which brought cattle to Athena Parthenos, the patron of democracy, at the "Big Altar" outside the Parthenon, where the roasted meat was given to the public.
	www.cs.utk.edu /~mclennan/BA/SF/MidSummer.txt (2047 words)

	[No title]
		She suggests plausibly that the famous Black-Figure scene by the Amasis Painter of women spinning and weaving may represent the actual weaving of Athena's peplos (17), a suggestion overlooked in Barber's essay (108), where this scene is treated as evidence merely of current Athenian workshop practices.
		Incidentally, the name of the festival in Greek is plural, ta Panathenaia, not singular (13 and passim, not merely in Neils' essay).
		Nevertheless, popular enthusiasm for the athletic contests of the Panathenaia remined high throughout the history of the festival, and "almost everyone shared in and appreciated the thriving athletic life of Athens" (101).
	www.infomotions.com /serials/bmcr/bmcr-v4n03-walbank-goddess.txt (2036 words)

	Amazon.fr : Worshipping Athena: Panathenaia and Parthenon: Livres en anglais: Jenifer Neils (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		For centuries the frieze has been thought to represent the Panathenaia procession, but recently the argument has been advanced that it depicts the sacrifice of the daughters of the Athenian king Erechtheus.
		Editor Jenifer Neils and the contributorseminent classicists, archaeologists, and art historiansexplore the role of the Panathenaia in Athenian life and compare it with similar festivals held throughout the ancient Greek world.
		They discuss such topics as the Panathenaias mythical origins, the phenomenon of the festivals valuable prizes (oil-filled amphoras, rather than the customary laurel wreath), and the architecture, sculpture, and painting related to the festival.
	www.amazon.fr /Worshipping-Athena-Panathenaia-Jenifer-Neils/dp/029915114X (441 words)

	Neils, J.: Goddess and Polis: The Panathenaic Festival in Ancient Athens.
		The lavishly illustrated Goddess and Polis is the first work devoted to the Panathenaia, the most significant of these festivals to be held in ancient Athens.
		The culmination of the festival was a long procession bearing this new robe to the cult statue of the goddess; the procession in turn was the subject of another great work of art, the Parthenon frieze.
		Combining art, spectacle, and civic consciousness, the Panathenaia contributed to the development of the high classical style of Periklean Athens.
	pup.princeton.edu /titles/5088.html (318 words)

	Intro to Hellenic Reconstructionism and Panathenaia, honoring Athena \| United Neopagan Council of Lake Erie
		Most attention will be paid to the details of ritual practice, how a ritual is constructed, what actions are included and what they symbolize, the role of the priest or priestess and the people attending, and the “goals” or “purpose” of the ritual.
		Following the presentation, we will be holding the Panathenaia, a Hellenic reconstructionist-styled ritual in honor of Athena, the Greek goddess of wisdom.
		This ancient festival was chosen because it is closest to the date of the presentation.
	www.u-n-c-l-e.org /civic/?q=node/104 (263 words)

	Bryn Mawr Classical Review 04.03.09
		The six essays are: "The Panathenaia: An Introduction" (13-28); "Panathenaic Amphoras: Their Meaning, Makers, and Markets" (29-52), both by J. Neils; "Mousikoi Agones: Music and Poetry at the Panathenaia" (53-76), by H. Shapiro; "The Panathenaic Games: Sacred and Civil Athletics" (77-102), by D.
		Nevertheless, popular enthusiasm for the athletic contests of the Panathenaia remained high throughout the history of the festival, and "almost everyone shared in and appreciated the thriving athletic life of Athens" (101).
		The much larger sail, described as a "peplos", that rode in the Panathenaic procession, may well have been a true tapestry, designed to be hung behind the cult statue in the Parthenon: this feature was probably introduced after the Persian Wars (114-115).
	ccat.sas.upenn.edu /bmcr/1993/04.03.09.html (2075 words)

	Panathenaia 2003 - Historical Background
		It was thought to be an observance of Athena's birthday and an occasion to honor the virgin goddess as the city's patron divinity, so naturally, it was a grand celebration, but Panathenaia was also a good opportunity for Athenai to show off her power to the other Hellenic cities.
		Lesser Panathenaia was celebrated annually, except for the year of the Great Panathenaia.
		Great Panathenaia was the more splendid form of the festival, with a number of public events that included athletic and musical contests, torch and boat races, and of course, the procession to present the new peplos to the goddess.
	www.historywalker.com /public2/pa03history.html (282 words)

	Gregory Nagy, page 43 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		In general as also in details, an evolutionary model for the text-fixation or textualization of the Homeric tradition is corroborated by the comparative evidence of living oral epic traditions.
		See also the remarks on the Panathenaia in N 1990a.21-23, 28, 54, 73, 75, 160, 174, 192.
		I agree with Shapiro 1992.73 that the Panathenaia, as reorganized by the Peisistratidai of Athens, played a major role in the privileging of the and as the definitive poems of Homer.
	www.stoa.org /hopper/text.jsp?doc=Stoa:text:2003.01.0006:page=43 (388 words)

	HIPPARCHUS, son of PISISTRATUS
		Finally, when the sister of Harmodios was going to carry a basket in the procession at the Panathenaia, he stopped her and insulted Harmodios as being effeminate.
		(3) At the time of the Panathenaia [514], when they were watching for Hippias on the Akropolis (as it happened, he was receiving the procession, while Hipparchos was sending it off), they saw one of the conspirators greet Hippias in a friendly way.
		Wishing to accomplish something before they were arrested, they went down into the city, and, not waiting for their fellow conspirators, they killed Hipparchos as he was organizing the procession next to the Leokoreion.
	www.csun.edu /~hcfll004/hipparchos.html (1085 words)

	LIBRARIES (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		It could be argued that the need for the creation of this first public library, the contents of which were not necessarily exclusively literary, was dictated by the open competitions between rhapsodes that became established in the 6th century as part of the festivities of the Panathenaia.
		The competitions at the Panathenaia included recitations of epic poetry, with the rhapsodes following one another and reading a specified text from a given point.
		It is possible, therefore, that the official texts of the Homeric poems were kept in a special room, thus giving rise to the first public literary library in Athens.
	www.libraries.gr /nonmembers/en/history_ellinikos_prosokratiki.htm (375 words)

	ClSt 200 - Homeric Hymns (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		The Panathenaia, the most famous and important festival in Athens brought together people from all over Attica and the other regions where Athens held influence to heap honors upon Athena, the goddess of Athens.
		The Panathenaia was celebrated with particular grandeur every fourth year, when it was called the Greater Panathenaia.
		The legend of the festival is that a plague fell upon Greece, and Apollo, through the oracle at Delphi, commanded that the Athenians make sacrifices to Demeter for everyone, and that the rest of Greece send tithes of their crops to the Athenians.
	www.classics.upenn.edu /myth/hymns/calendar.php (2391 words)

	Ancient Greek Religion: CULT OF ATHENA 1
		"I hold that the Panathenaia festival [of Athena held at Athens] was not founded before the Lykaian [festival of Zeus held in Arkadia].
		The early name for the former festival was the Athenaia, which was changed to the Panathenaia in the time of Theseus, because it was then established by the whole Athenian people gathered together in a single city...
		"Panathenaia: two sorts of Panathenaia were held at Athens, one every year, the other on a five-year cycle, which they called the Great Panathenaia.
	www.theoi.com /Cult/AthenaCult.html (3779 words)

	HistoryWalker Panathenaia 2001 Memorabilia
		Lesser Panathenaia, which was celebrated annually except for the year of the Great Panathenaia.
		Great Panathenaia had many athletic games as well as musical contest, poetry contest and even boat race.
		The Panathenaia's unique game must be the torch race, which we are going to have.
	www.historywalker.com /PA/PAhome.html (1290 words)

	Introduction (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		The Panathenaia was the most important festival celebrated in ancient Athens.
		The Panathenaia, literally meaning "the Rites of all Athenians", was celebrated annually.
		This was called the "Greater Panathenaia." It took place from the 23rd to the 30th of the Hekatombaion, the fiirst month of the Athenian calendar year, approximately our month of July.
	www.wzip.uakron.edu /csaa/sports/1999_web_projects/deepa/intro.htm (127 words)

	Ancient Greek Gods
		Historical Overview, 10.1.5 Occasions for Sacrifice and Festival-The religious aspects of the Panathenaic festival were coupled with parades, music, dancing, poetry and athletic competitions.
		Euripides, Heraclidae, lines 777-783 and Note - This passage and the note for the passage describe the great sacrifice of the Panathenaia that occurred at the end of the month.
		Isocrates, Speech 12.17 (note 1) - The note explains the difference between the Panathenaia and the Great Panathenaia that the Athenians celebrated every four years.
	ablemedia.com /ctcweb/consortium/ancientolympiansathena2.html (537 words)

	New Page 8 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		The West pediment was representing the contest of the gods, Athena and Poseidon, for the possession of Attica.
		The slabs are carved in low relief, 2-3 inches deep, but they give fully their sculptural value.
		The Great Panathenaia were celebrated every four years at the month of Hecatombaion (end of July and beginning of August) and lasted more than eight days (the small Panathenaia were celebrated every year).
	idcs0100.lib.iup.edu /AncGreece/new_page_8.htm (550 words)

	Hatcher Showcase - Art & Architecture - Interior - Parthenon Frieze
		In 1906 Theodore W. Koch, University Librarian, acquired casts of the Parthenon frieze for the Library and placed them in the reading room of the old library building.
		The sections of the frieze, that now hang in the North Hatcher second floor corridor, portray the Athenian celebration Panathenaia which marks Athena's birthday.
		The original frieze of the Greek Parthenon was 524 feet long and ran around the outside of the temple.
	www.lib.umich.edu /grad/showcase/art/interior/art_frieze.html (82 words)

	Hekatombaion - Month of July (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		* Panathenaia the greatest festival of the Athenians which celebrates the birth of Athena (this is the day she sprung out from Zeus's head).
		At the lesser Panathenaia (annually) the holy Peplos (veil) is carried around and the festival end with dance, contests, and sacrifices to Athena Polias, Hygeia and Nike.
		At the greater Panathenaia, the three extra days are filled with sports races /contests and a magnificent procession.
	www.druansha.com /dru/julCal.htm (470 words)

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