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	Panay incident
		The Panay incident was a Japanese attack on the USS Panay, a US Navy gunboat anchored in the Yangtze river outside of Nanjing on December 12, 1937, before the United States had entered World War II.
		A flat-bottomed craft built in Shanghai specifically for river duty, Panay served as part of the U.S. Navy's Yangtze Patrol in the Asiatic Fleet, which was responsible for patrolling the Yangtze River to protect American lives and property.
		Panay evacuated the remaining Americans from the city on December 11, bringing the number of people on board to five officers, fifty-four enlisted men, four U.S. embassy staff, and ten civilians.
	publicliterature.org /en/wikipedia/p/pa/panay_incident.html (2036 words)

	Panay Island - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Between Negros and Panay lies the island-province of Guimaras.
		The island lent its name to several United States Navy vessels named USS Panay, mostly famously the one sunk in 1937 by the Japanese in the Panay incident.
		It was part of the Confederation of Madjaas, formed after the purchase of Panay by the Bornean datus from the Negrito king named Marikudo.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Panay_Island (383 words)

	Panay
		Built for duty in the Asiatic Fleet on the Yangtze Patrol, Panay had as her primary mission the protection of American lives and property frequently threatened in the disturbances the 1920’s and 30’s brought to China struggling to modernize, to create a strong central government, and, later, to meet Japanese aggression.
		Throughout Panay’s service, navigation on the Yangtze was constantly menaced by bandits and soldier outlaws of various stripes, and Panay and her sisters provided the protection necessary for American shipping and nationals, as other foreign forces did for their citizens.
		Panay was assigned as station ship to guard the remaining Americans and take them off at the last possible moment.
	www.history.navy.mil /danfs/p1/panay-ii.htm (422 words)

	Panay is an island in the Philippines Philippines located in... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Panay is located southeast of the island of Mindoro Mindoro and northwest of Negros Negros, separated by Guimaras Strait Guimaras Strait.
		Panay is the location of the famous legend of Maragtas Maragtas, which chronicled the arrival of the Malay Malay race to the Philippine islands.
		The island lent its name to the United States United States gunboat gunboat USS "Panay" USS "Panay", which was sunk in 1937 1937 by the Japanese in the "Panay" incident "Panay" incident.
	www.biodatabase.de /Panay (221 words)

	panay_incident (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		underway during the standardization trial off Woosung, China on August 30, 1928.]]The Panay incident' was a Japanese attack on the United States Navy gunboat Panay while she was anchored in the Yangtze River outside of Nanjing on December 12, 1937.
		Panay evacuated the remaining Americans from the city on December 11, bringing the number of people aboard to five officers, fifty-four enlisted men, four U.S. embassy staff, and ten civilians.
		While most letters of sympathy were sent to the embassy in Tokyo, a few were sent to the Navy Department in Washington, D.C. One noteworthy group of letters received by the navy was from thirty-seven Japanese girls attending St.
	www.hondparts.com /wiki/?title=Panay_incident (2019 words)

	Panay - Search Results - MSN Encarta
		Panay, island, central Philippines, the northernmost of the Visayan Islands, between Negros and Mindoro islands.
		1938: Japan : United States and the Panay Incident.
		At the beginning of 1938, Japan, after six months of her undeclared war on China, had won a series of impressive military victories which had put vast stretches of territory in northern and central China into her hands and had given her control over China's principal ports, railways, and sources...
	ca.encarta.msn.com /Panay.html (110 words)

	1938: Japan - Archive Article - MSN Encarta
		Her peace overtures, however, made through the German Ambassador to China, were rejected by the head of the Chinese Government, Generalissimo Chiang Kai-shek, who made it unmistakably clear that China intended to fight on, in spite of her serious reverses.
		The payment on April 22 covered the loss of the Panay and the Standard Oil vessels, compensation for the death of two of the Panay's crew and the captain of one of the Standard Oil boats, compensation for injury to 74 persons aboard the vessels, and loss of personal effects and ship's equipment.
		Some of their best troops were stationed in Manchukuo; but because of the danger of a serious clash with Russia, which was by no means unlikely, no troops were taken from this area.
	ca.encarta.msn.com /sidebar_461500454/1938_Japan.html (7573 words)

	panay: Mardi Gras in the Philippines? (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Pedro A. Monteclaro's "Foreword to the Readers" of Maragtas Maragtas was written by Pedro Alcantara Monteclaro in 1907 as a collection of the legends of the island of Panay in the.
		Kasaysayan ng pagbuo ng Katipunan sa Aklan, sa pulo ng Panay, at ang pagsakop sa maliit na nayon ng Lilo-an, sa Malinaw, Aklan, mula sa pamahalaan ng Espanyol.
		The American gunboat USS Panay, which patrolled the Yangtze River near Nanking (Nanjing), China, was used as a bomb shelter for foreign.
	www.beehivedonkey.org /panay.html (277 words)

	Photo of the Week
		On the morning of December 12, 1937, the US gunboat Panay was anchored in the middle of the Yangtze River 27 miles upriver from Nanking.
		The Panay had been on station for nine years patrolling the waters of the Yangtze, showing the flag and protecting American interests from the numerous Chinese bandits.
		The apology did not alleviate the suspicion that the act was deliberate and the incident added to the souring relationship between the two countries.
	www.eyewitnesstohistory.com /photofrm.htm (248 words)

	Ask Us A Question - The Panay incident was a Japanese attack on the United States Navy gunboat Panay while she was ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Ask Us A Question - The Panay incident was a Japanese attack on the United States Navy gunboat Panay while she was anchored in the Yangtze River outside of Nanjing on December 12, 1937
		duty, Panay served as part of the U.S. Navy's Yangtze Patrol in the Asiatic Fleet, which was responsible for patrolling the Yangtze River to protect American lives and property.
		But, Navy cryptographers had interecpted and decrypted traffic relating to the attacking planes which clearly indicated that they were under orders during the attack, and that it had not been a mistake of any kind.
	www.centralparknyusa.com /topic/Panay_incident (2284 words)

	Panay
		During the "China Incident" airplanes from the Japanese Navy attacked and sank an American gunboat, the USS Panay.
		Nevertheless, President Roosevelt instructed Secretary of State Cordell Hull to deliver a letter of protest to the Japanese ambassador in Washington, advising the Japanese government that he was "deeply shocked and concerned." The president demanded an apology, full compensation for the attack, and assurances guaranteeing against a similar episode in the future.
		Viewers could see the Panay bobbing about at anchor in the middle of the river, minding its own business with its colors in full view, while from almost directly overhead the sun shone down through a cloudless sky.
	history.sandiego.edu /gen/WW2timeline/panay.html (1324 words)

	Highbeam Encyclopedia - Search Results for Panay
		Primarily agricultural with extensive lowlands, it is a major rice and sugarcane producing area.
		309,505), capital of Iloilo prov., SE Panay, the Philippines, on Iloilo Strait of Panay Gulf.
		With a fine harbor sheltered by Guimaras island, it is the principal port on Panay, with both interisland and overseas shipping.
	www.encyclopedia.com /SearchResults.aspx?Q=Panay (430 words)

	USA Japan Panay Incident 1937
		The American gunboat USS Panay, which patrolled the Yangtze River near Nanking (Nanjing), China, was used as a bomb shelter for foreign embassy staff during the Japanese bombing of the area.
		On December 12, 1937, Japanese warplanes suddenly and without provocation dive-bombed repeatedly the Panay and a British gunboat, both of which were moored in the river; the American vessel was sunk, and the British one severely damaged.
		Claiming its pilots had not seen the US flags painted on the Panay's decks and sides, Japan apologized and paid the indemnity demanded by the United States.
	www.onwar.com /aced/data/juliet/japanus1937.htm (241 words)

	Dec. 16 and Dec. 18, 1937 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		According to survivors, the Japanese attack on the Panay was not a simple case of Japanese aviators playing "drop-eye" from high in the misty sky, with the American gunboat as their cigar box.
		The sinking of the Panay in the Yangtze River create no such excitement at the capital as was occasioned by the blowing up of the battleship Maine, in Havana Harbor, on the night of February 15, 1898.
		As the Panay went to the bottom under Japanese fire, there was pending before the House a proposed constitutional amendment, which would take the war-making power from Congress, under certain circumstances, and submit the power to a referendum of the people.
	www.macalester.edu /courses/hist90/hearst8.html (427 words)

	Panay - HighBeam Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Find newspaper and magazine articles plus images and maps related to "Panay" at HighBeam.
		JV firm to invest P1 B to expand Panay power plant.(Business)
		Blackout hits entire Cebu, parts of Panay and Negros; Following magnitude 3.7 quake in Leyte.(Provincial News)
	www.encyclopedia.com /doc/1E1-panay.html (174 words)

	USS Panay and the Panay Incident (Panay Attack) - Photos of Japanese Attack and Her Sinking
		There were two movie photographers on USS Panay at the time she was bombed: Norman Alley of Universal and Eric Mayell of Fox Movietone.
		Unfortunately, several of the bombs scored direct hits on the Panay and she was mortally wounded.
		USS Panay sank approximately 28 miles upriver from Nanking and, at the time of the attack, she had just evacuated the final US embassy staff (along with some other US civilians) from Nanking.
	www.hmsfalcon.com /Panay/Panay.htm (1181 words)

	Prologue - Prologue: Selected Articles
		Four years before Pearl Harbor, the United States and Japan were involved in an incident that could have led to war between the two nations.
		On December 12, 1937, the American navy gunboat Panay was bombed and sunk by Japanese aircraft.
		A flat-bottomed craft built in Shanghai specifically for river duty, USS Panay served as part of the U.S. Navy's Yangtze Patrol in the Asiatic Fleet, which was responsible for patrolling the Yangtze River to protect American lives and property.
	www.archives.gov /publications/prologue/2001/summer/two-japans-1.html?template=print (2313 words)

	The Graveyard of Nanking (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Panay, and suggests that the man waits until the ship is in transit before sending a radio description of the crime.
		Panay has almost finished its report – without mentioning the source – when the Japanese attack the ship.
		Panay incident was one of the failures of this policy.
	www.changingthetimes.net /samples/darkvalley/graveyard_of_nanking.htm (1830 words)

	Log of SS Wantung during the Panay Incident - high res
		USS Panay and her convoy of three oil tankers declined to join the British convoy and steamed past on their way to a mooring a number of miles upriver.
		At the time, the sinking of USS Panay was a major international incident and there was a significant threat of war between the US and Japan.
		At the time USS Panay was sunk, SS Wantung remained in the British convoy with her escorts, HMS Cricket and HMS Scarab.
	www.hmsfalcon.com /Gallery/Gallery10/high/diary/diary.htm (1053 words)

	History News Network
		The claim: "the Japanese apologized for the attack while fully acknowledging its deliberate nature" is false as it applies to the word "deliberate" in the context of the Liberty attack.
		As does the two mentioned incidents, as well as the attacks on the USS Augusta in August 1937 and USS Tutuila in July 1941: all four have never been investigated by Congress.
		Weeks twisted argument of the Panay would be an insult to the intelligence of a school child.
	hnn.us /readcomment.php?id=303 (2301 words)

	Arthur F. Anders
		Arthur F. Anders, an officer of the U.S. Navy gunboat Panay who took command despite serious wounds after Japanese warplanes attacked it on the Yangtze River in China in 1937, died on Sunday at his home in Rancho Bernardo, Calif. He was 96.
		Anders, nicknamed Tex, was a lieutenant and the Panay's executive officer when the attack, which became known as the Panay incident, came on a clear Sunday, Dec.
		Tex Anders was born in Weimar, Texas, graduated from the U.S. Naval Academy in 1927 and served on naval vessels in Central American and Asian waters before the Panay incident.
	www.mishalov.com /Anders.html (471 words)

	AmericanHeritage.com / Rehearsal for World War II
		Their machinery was tended by an engine-room gang of fifteen sailors and by half a dozen Chinese who wore Navy dungarees, worked like the coolies they were, and lived in the “coolie flat” crammed in under the afterdeck of the port side (starboard was reserved for potatoes).
		The Panay’s battery of machine guns had gone into action almost immediately, but mounted as they were, four to a side, they could not easily be trained fully ahead; they were in better position for dealing with snipers on the shore than with dive bombers coming in at 200 miles an hour over the bow.
		While the bombing of the Panay was not specified, the citation was general enough to cover it—without leaving the government open to the charge of having lied when it ignored Hashimoto’s role four years earlier.
	americanheritage.com /articles/magazine/ah/1967/3/1967_3_40_print.shtml (7364 words)

	The USS Panay (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		In a sustained attack by several planes, the Japanese sunk the Panay, and destroyed the two oil tankers.
		The changed Panay incident doesn't lead to a declaration of war on Japan, but it does lead to a major American loan to the Nationalist Chinese, increased US military spending, and a lot of US military aid to the Nationalists.
		The incident now has a very different symbolic impact on the rest of the world.
	members.aol.com /althist2/Panay.htm (674 words)

	Panay Island \| by TravelOnline, Official Philippines Wholesale Agent
		Panay Island is the first stop before going to Boracay Beach, Boracay Island, Philippines in a section of Panay in the political province of Aklan.
		The island of Panay is one of the Visayan islands, the 6th largest in the Philippines, NW of Negros.
		B-24s attack a naval force of 2 battleships, 5 aircraft carriers, and 5 destroyers W of Panay; hits are claimed on a battleship and 2 carriers
	www.boracaylive.com /panay_island.htm (460 words)

	TIME.com: Regrets -- Dec. 27, 1937 -- Page 1
		Japan's Navy Minister, Admiral Mitsumasa Yonai, was called on the carpet before his Emperor to explain the Panay bombing and, as senior Japanese naval officer responsible under the commander in chief on the Nanking front, Rear Admiral Teizo Mitsunami, 48, was recalled to Japan in disgrace.
		On the fatal day, while the little Panay anchored in the Yangtze 27 miles above Nanking, she was boarded by a Japanese officer and several soldiers who, if they were not aware of her identity when they came aboard, were in no misapprehension when they left.
		In spite of seven U. flags flying from the Panay and painted on her, the Japanese bombers might have made a mistake, but when they dived and bombed her a second time the Panay's crew could no longer believe it.
	www.time.com /time/magazine/article/0,9171,758733-1,00.html (734 words)

	US RESPONSE
		This incident was intolerable because Americans were killed; however, it was not serious enough to go to war.
		Upon the news of the sinking of the USS Panay by Japanese planes, members of Congress were divided upon the right course of action to take against Japan.
		Senator William E Borah stated that the sinking of the Panay was just an accident and does not require drastic action by the United States.
	history.sandiego.edu /gen/st/~pbugler/page3.htm (983 words)

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