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	Pandyas (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		Pandyas were one of the three ancient Tamil kingdoms (Chola and Chera being the other two) who ruled the Tamil country from pre-historic times until end of the 15th century.
		The Pandyas were assisted by the Sinhalese forces of Mahinda IVPandyas were driven out of their territories and had to seek refuge in the island of Sri Lanka.
		Pandyas and their descendants where confined to a small region around Thirunelveli for a few more years and after the 17th century C.E. we hear no more of them.
	en.encyclopediahome.com /wiki/Pandyas (1634 words)

	Pandyan Kingdom - Encyclopedia, History, Geography and Biography (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		Pandyas were one of the three ancient Tamil kingoms (Chola and Chera being the other two) who ruled the Tamil country from pre-historic times until end of the 15th century.
		Pandyas allied themselves with the Sinhalese and the Kerals in harassing the Chola empire until they found an opportunity for reviving their fortunes during the late 13th century.
		Pandyas and their descendants where confined to a small region around Thirunelveli for a few more years and after the 17th century C.E. we hear no more of them.
	www.arikah.net /encyclopedia/Pandya (1661 words)

	History of India-3: Southern Kingdoms of Chalukyas, Cholas, Cheras, Pallavas, Pandyas.
		The Pandyas annexed the southern part of the empire.
		Pandyas occupied the present Madurai and Thirunelveli District with part of old Travancore.
		The Pandya kingdom rose to fame during the 13th century.
	www.indtravel.com /welcome/history3.html (655 words)

	History (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		This district was under the Pandyas of the first empire during Sangam period, but some part of it's northern boundary had been under the influence of the Cholas of Uraiyur, since a few villages here bear the prefix like "killi" and "valavan" both of which are the titles of the Cholas.
		The Pandyas began to assert their independence from the time of Kulothunga-I. Towards the end of the reign of Raja Raja-II, Kulasekara one of the two contenders for Pandya throne pealed the Chola for help.
		But the Pandya power did not survive on the Hindu conquest and slowly it ceased to be a historical force in the district.
	pudukkottai.tamilnadudirectory.com /home.htm (3657 words)

	The Pandyans - J.R.Sinnatamby
		Asoka was in friendly terms with the Pandyas who probably had two kingdoms, one including Tinnevelly on the south and extending as far north as the highlands in the neighbourhood of Coimbatore Gap, and the other including the Mysore State.
		The Jaina legends connect the sons of Pandu with the Pandya country of the south with Mathura of Madhura (modern Modoura) as its capital.
		The association of the Pandyas of the south with the Surasenas at Mathura and the Pandas of northern India is probably alluded to in the confused statement of Megasthenes.18 In the Pali Chronicles of Ceylon the Pandyas are invariably represented as Pandus or Pandu." 19
	www.tamilnation.org /heritage/pandyans.htm (2933 words)

	Latest News and Tamil Movie Reviews in Tamil Koodal.com : Total Tamil Kalatta
		These pandyas were the rulers of one of three great kingdoms which in the earliest times held sway over the land of the Tamils.
		The pandya royal emblem was a fish (that of the Cheras was a bow and of the Cholas a tiger) and it appears on their coins2.
		He captured the pandya chief and caused him to be ‘trampled to death by a furious mast elephant, and he gave the pandya country to his son Gangai-Konda Chola, Who took the title of Chola-pandya.
	www.koodal.com /districts/mdu_history_eng1.asp (2344 words)

	Pandyan kingdom - Biocrawler (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		The Pandyas were powerful in their own right, though they were subjugated at various periods by the other two Tamil kingdoms, the Pallavas and Cholas.
		The Pandyas had important maritime trade via Dhanushkodi, the sea shore of Ramapanathapuram (the southern border of India and the coast of the Indian Ocean), and the city of Poompuhar was noted for trade with China, Maldives, Malaysia, and so on.
		There are some lineage of the Pandyan kingdom in the southern coastal areas of Tamilnadu, and the Paravas are believed to be one amoung the lineage.
	www.biocrawler.com /encyclopedia/Pandyas (529 words)

	1Up India > India > Tamilnadu > History of Tamil Nadu
		Among the greatest Pallava rulers were Mahendravarman-l and his son Narasimhavarman.Among the famous temples built by the Pallavas are the temples of Kanchipuram, the Kapaliswarar and Parthasarathy temples at Chennai, and last but not the least, the magnificent poetry in rock and stone at Mamallapuram.
		The Pandyas had trading contacts with Greece and Rome and were powerful in their own right though they were subjugated during various periods by the Pallavas and Cholas.
		With the decline of the Cholas, the Pandyas rose to prominence once again in the early 14th century before their challenge was snuffed out once and for all and the city of Madurai completely destroyed and ransacked by the Khilji invaders from the North in 1316.
	www.1upindia.com /states/tamilnadu/history.html (1096 words)

	History Chola Empire - History Of Ancient, Medieval And Modern India.
		They had managed to establish hegemony over the Pandyas and Cheras and their influence was even felt beyond the traditional boundaries of the Tamil country.
		They retained their ancient seat of Urayur and probably aligned with both the Pandyas and the Pallavas as the situation demanded.
		It is most likely, due to the strategic location of the Chola country during this time, both the Pallavas and Pandyas sought their help.
	www.bharatadesam.com /history/chola_empire.php (1708 words)

	Tamil Magnificence - Developments in South India by Ashish Nangia
		Eventually the Chola Empire was usurped by the Pandya dynasty, which inherited all of its considerable wealth and trade agreements with foreign powers.
		This threat made the Pandya rulers hurriedly throw up makeshift battlements around their cities and the heart of their towns -the temples.
		The Pandya rulers hit upon a novel solution: raise the gates of the fortress to the level of architecture.
	www.boloji.com /architecture/00011.htm (782 words)

	Pandyan Kingdom - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Pandyas allied themselves with the Sinhalese and the Cheras in harassing the Chola empire until they found an opportunity for reviving their fortunes during the late 13th century.
		Besides several short poems found in the Akananuru and the Purananuru collections, there are two major works - Mathuraikkanci and the Netunalvatai (in the collection of Pattupattu) give a glimpse into the society and commercial activities in the Pandyan kingdom during the Sangam age.
		After Madurai fell into the hands of the invading armies of the Delhi Sultanate, the Pandyas saught the help of Vijayanagar Empire.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Pandya (1643 words)

	Tamil Art & Architecture - T.V.Mahalingam
		The Pandyas, who were ruling in the extreme south of the Tamil country, appear to have soon adopted the rock-cut technique and developed certain interesting variations in their excavations.
		It is possible that the cave at Pillaiyarpatti is one of the earliest Pandya attempts in the rock medium as evidenced by the archaic palaegraphy of the inscription in Vatteluttu characters in it.
		Stylistically and in decorative details, in conception and in execution, the Pandya carvings are not much different from the Pallava reliefs and appear to be just another edition of the Pallava art, though in the realm of iconography it seems to strike a slightly different note.
	www.tamilnation.org /art/tvmahalingam.htm (6292 words)

	[No title]
		They 0 controlled the present districts 5 of Madurai and Tirunelveli 3 and part of South 6 Kerala.The Pandyas had 7 trading contacts with Greece 7 and Rome and were 4 powerful in their 7 own right though they 4 were subjugated during various 8 periods by the 0 Pallavas and Cholas.
		With the decline of the 1 Cholas, the Pandyas rose 1 to prominence once 8 again in the early 5 14th century.
		The 3 Muslim invasion weakened 7 both the Cholas and 6 Pandyas and led 4 to the establishment of 6 Bahmani Kingdom.
	www.centiel.com /tamil_nadu_.htm (1757 words)

	Pudukkottai District - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		In and around Pudukkottai, there are many vestiges of the oldest habitations of man and some of the lithic records known in the south.
		This is shown by the presence of inscription of the rulers of this dynasty in Kudumianmalai, Thirugokarnam and Sittannavasal.
		The inscription of the reign of Nedunchadayan, (C 768-816) the greatest king of the dynasty is found in Thirugokarnam and Nirpalani.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Pudukkottai_District (3870 words)

	Pandyas (pandyas resources) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		Korkai, the famous harbour town of Pandya kingdom was thickly populated by paravars.
		The Pandya King Kulasekaran built a temple, which would later be known as the Meenakshi Temple, and created a lotus shaped city around the temple.
		After all, the Pandyas were the ones that made the city their capital, and built the Meenakshi Temple, which has always been the greatest attraction of the city.
	xanax-buy.be /en/Pandyas (13290 words)

	MarriageSolutions.com
		From such legendary beginnings, the actual history of Madurai emerges sometime during the 3rd century BC when it was the prosperous Pandya's then capital which had trading contacts with Greece and Rome.
		This pre-Christian era temple was actually built by Kulasekara Pandya but it was in ruins before it was rebuilt by Tirumalai Nayak who brought back the glory to this magnificient structure.
		The three-year old girl who emerged out of the fire during the final yagna was found to have three breasts but a divine voice informed the surprised royal couple that the third breast would disappear when the girl met her consort.
	www.marriagesolutions.com /honeymoon/madurai.html (1376 words)

	Brief Encounters (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		Repeat with a Pandya representative sharing the group’s report on the Chispas (and provide the Pandyas with the Chispas’ norm sheet).
		Pandya women were instructed to speak for the Pandya men.
		Pandyas prefer to interact with members of their own culture.
	ace.acadiau.ca /~dreid/games/Game_descriptions/Brief_Encounters.htm (1096 words)

	Southern Railway - Tourist info - Tiruchy (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		Trichy, the fourth largest city in the state was a citadel of the early Cholas which later fell to the Pallavas.
		The struggle for power between the Pallavas and Pandyas continued till 10th centuryas the Cholas asserted and assumed the reigns until the deadline of the century.
		When this empire collapsed in 1565, Trichy came to be under the rule of the Nayaks of Madurai, the Marathas, the Nawabs of Carnatic, the French and finally the British.
	www.southernrailway.org /tour_info/tiruchi.asp (502 words)

	culture
		The Pandyas sometimes joined this conflict as a poor third against the Pallavas.
		The Pandya country was prosperous and the kings profited from trade with the Roman Empire.
		By the early eleventh century, the strong Cholas subjugated the Pandyas.
	narasimhan.com /SK/Culture/culture_history/culture_hist_chalukyas.htm (376 words)

	Massachusetts Attorney General: Cholas & Pandyas
		Pay special attention so that the group called the Pandyas have some females to match with males.
		Guidelines: Pandyas are aloof and dignified, enjoying their own company.
		When spoken to by an alien female, a Pandya man must have a female Pandya present to relay his responses.
	www.ago.state.ma.us /sp.cfm?pageid=1870 (203 words)

	History of Madurai - www.madurai.com
		Madurai flourished till 10th century AD when it was captured by Cholas the arch rivals of the Pandyas.
		In 1223 AD Pandyas regained their kingdom and once again become prosperous.
		In 1323, the Pandya kingdom including Madurai became a province of the Delhi empire, under the Tughlaks.
	www.madurai.com /history.htm (683 words)

	History of India
		The Pallavas succumbed to a combined from their southern neighbors, the Pandyas and their feudatories the Cholas, in the ninth century.
		He secured the southern frontier of the kingdom by campaigning against the Pandyas and capturing their capital, Madurai.
		This brought him into contact with Ceylon, with whom the Pandyas had had close relations, and hostilities between Ceylon and Tamil-nad began which were to last through several decades.
	indiansaga.com /history/south_india.html (454 words)

	New Page 5 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		The cholas were defeated in the thirteen century by the Pandyas of Madurai and Hoysalas of Mysore.
		The Hoysalas were then driven away by the Pandyas in the early part of fourteenth Century.
		Later, the Mohammedans began frequently raiding the Deccan facing strong resistance from the Hindu Kingdom, which was established in Vijayanagar in 1336.
	www.srirangam.org /History.htm (531 words)

	Architecture in Tamil Nadu,Tamil Nadu Architecture Temple,TamilNadu Temples,Temples in India,Temples of India
		Tamil Nadu, the holy land, is the land of temple architecture.
		The Pallavas, Cholas, Pandyas, Vijayanagar rulers and the Nayakas have made immense contributions to temple art in Tamil Nadu.
		The cave temples of Pallavas and Pandyas were the beginning in temple architecture.
	www.indiantravelportal.com /tamil-nadu/architecture (632 words)

	[No title]
		The fourth Sangam stands tall with a treasure of rare books and literary works of eminent writers, writes T. THE TEMPLE City of Madurai is also known for its contribution to Tamil language and literature.
		The Pandyas who were great patrons of Tamil learning, art and architecture, supported Tamil poets and paved way for their successors to follow them.
		The Nayaks, who succeeded the Pandyas, showed keen interest in developing the language and preserved the works of the earlier kingdoms and further enriched the rich Tamil tradition and culture.
	www.hinduonnet.com /thehindu/thscrip/print.pl?file=2005010101350300.htm&date=2005/01/01/&prd=mp& (643 words)

	The Hindu : Arittapatti inscription throws light on Jainism
		The discovery by a team of epigraphists, who undertook a survey at Arittapatti in Melur taluk, is a remarkable evidence of history of early Tamil politics, culture and language, State Archaeology department sources said here recently.
		All this evidence makes clear that the Paravars were the chiefs of the coastal region and they ruled their areas as subordinates of the Pandyas of the Sangam age.
		The inscription throws light on the proximity the chiefs of Nelveli to the Pandyas of Madurai in the Sangam age.
	www.hindu.com /2003/09/15/stories/2003091503060500.htm (562 words)

	Latest News and Tamil Movie Reviews in Tamil Koodal.com : Total Tamil Kalatta
		The Pandya king moved northwords and set up the capital of Kapadapuram, which was mentioned in Valmiki's Ramayana as "Pandya Kavatakam".
		The Pandyas and their capital are mentioned in Ramayana (Kishkinthaa Kandam) and Mahabharata (Adhi parvam and sabhaparvam) Parasurama who lived prior to Rama killed one king after another and a Chola king was said to have crowned his concubine`s son and fled to pathigai hills took refuge under sage Asastya.
		The pandya capital in his `Brihatsamhita` Kalidasa in his `Raguvamsa` describes how Ragu, the Pandya king conquered his capital during his conquest of various countries.
	www.koodal.com /districts/mdu_festival.asp (884 words)

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