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Topic: Panic of 1857

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	Panic of 1857 - Biocrawler
		The Panic of 1857 was a notable sudden collapse in the economy of the United States that occurred in 1857.
		The immediate event that touched off the panic was the failure on August 24 of the New York City branch of the Ohio Life Insurance and Trust Co., a major financial force that collapsed following massive embezzlement.
		The Tariff Act of 1857 that followed reduced the average rate to about 20 percent -- another reduction that was warmly greeted in the South and roundly derided in the North.
	www.biocrawler.com /encyclopedia/Panic_of_1857 (424 words)

	panic. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001-05
		Panics are characterized by a general rush of investors to convert their assets into cash, with runs on banks and a rapid fall of the securities market.
		The panic of 1837 was much more severe; it was brought on primarily by irresponsible financial operations in Western lands.
		That conflict continued and was again reflected in the crises that came in the panics of 1893 and 1907.
	www.bartleby.com /65/pa/panic.html (391 words)

	NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Tariff of 1857
		The Tariff of 1857 was a major tax reduction in the United States, creating a mid-century lowpoint for tariffs.
		The Tariff of 1857 was authored primarily by Robert Mercer Taliaferro Hunter of Virginia.
		When the Panic of 1857 struck later that year, protectionists, led by economist Henry C. Carey, blamed the downturn on the new Tariff schedule.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Tariff-of-1857 (311 words)

	Tariff of 1857
		The Panic of 1857 yielded a major depression in the United States and later in many other parts of the globe.
		The Tariff of 1857 was warmly greeted in the South and roundly derided in the North.
		PartyOhioOhio Life Insurance and Trust CompanyPanic of 1837 The Panic of 1857 was an economic depression that affected the United States during 1857 and 1858. The principal reason for the depression was Europe's declining purchase of...
	www.u-s-history.com /pages/h974.html (339 words)

	Today in History: August 24
		1857: The Panic of 1857, one of the most severe economic crisis in U.S. history, began.
		Search the collection on the terms voyage, prospector, or 1857 to learn more about the life and times of individuals like many of those aboard the SS Central America, who were headed back east from California.
		During the Panic of 1857, the telegraph was only thirteen years in use.
	lcweb2.loc.gov /ammem/today/aug24.html (1900 words)

	The History Box \| The Panic Of 1857
		The charitable societies and people of the city established soup kitchens for the needy and starving thousands, so that danger of an uprising was averted.
		This brief panic is notable for the role that telecommunications plays.
		When a branch of the Ohio Life Insurance and Trust Company fails, news that would formerly have taken weeks to criss cross the nation, its impact diminishing with time is known within hours, thanks to the telegraph.
	www.thehistorybox.com /ny_city/panics/panics_article7a.htm (653 words)

	Panic of 1857
		The Panic of 1857 introduced the United States, at least in a small way, to the intricate dealings of the worldwide economy.
		There were many underlying causes for the Panic of 1857, and by the time the twin disasters occurred the United States was well on its way into the economic downturn.
		A bank holiday was declared in October, 1857 and Secretary of the Treasury Howell Cobb recommended the government selling revenue bonds and reducing the tariff (Tariff of 1857).
	blueandgraytrail.com /event/Panic_of_1857 (312 words)

	The Panic of 1857 Began
		The year was 1857, and U.S. banks needed that gold to reach its destination safely.
		The banks had invested in businesses that were failing, and this was causing the American people to panic.
		Investors were losing heavily in the stock market and railroads were unable to pay their debts.
	www.americaslibrary.gov /cgi-bin/page.cgi/jb/reform/goldlost_1 (113 words)

	HarpWeek: Cartoon of the Day
		Until the onset of the panic, the national economy has been expanding rapidly during the 1850s, except for a deep dip in 1854.
		On November 5, 1857, 4000 rallied at Tompkins Square to listen to speakers demand that the city government establish more public works to hire the unemployed, guarantee a minimum wage, build housing for the poor, and prevent landlords from evicting the unemployed.
		By the end of 1857, the worst of the economic crisis was over, although it would take two years for the economy to fully recover.
	www.harpweek.com /09Cartoon/BrowseByDateCartoon.asp?Month=October&Date=24 (1114 words)

	Panic of 1857 - Search.com
		The immediate event that touched off the panic was the failure on August 24 of the New York City branch of the Ohio Life Insurance and Trust Co., a major financial force that collapsed following widespread embezzlement.
		The Tariff Act of 1857 that followed reduced the average rate to about 20% — another reduction that was warmly greeted in the South and roundly derided in the North.
		Charles Calomiris and Larry Schweikart, "The Panic of 1857: Origins, Transmission, Containment," Journal of Economic History, December 1990, 807-834.
	www.search.com /reference/panic_of_1857 (598 words)

	The History Box \| The Panic Of 1857
		This brief panic is notable for the role that telecommunications plays.
		When a branch of the Ohio Life Insurance and Trust Company fails, news that would formerly have taken weeks to criss cross the nation, its impact diminishing with time is known within hours, thanks to the telegraph.
		The underlying cause of the recession is a downturn in agricultural exports brought on by the end of the Crimean War in Europe, as well as over-speculation in railroads and real estate.
	thehistorybox.com /ny_city/panics/panics_article7a.htm (653 words)

	Financial Panic - Search Results - MSN Encarta
		Panic, Financial, in economics, a crisis condition, marked by overpowering alarm, in financial or commercial circles, leading to a sudden and...
		Asian Stock Market, Black Friday, 1869, Black Monday, 1987, Great Depression, panic of 1837, panic of 1857, panic of 1873, panic of 1893, panic of...
		The financial panic of 1907 resulted in the Federal Reserve Act of 1913.
	encarta.msn.com /Financial_Panic.html (131 words)

	Stock market panic and crash - Generational Dynamics
		The panic of 1987 is an example of a false panic, and it played a pivotal role in permitting the situation we're in today.
		The 1976 panic was a political fiasco that reversed the public mood, and left the public with no further fear of a flu epidemic.
		When a new panic occurs, pundits, journalists, politicians and high-priced analysts will all tell you that the fall is temporary, and they'll be comparing it to the 1987 false panic; but they'll be wrong, and the market will continue to fall to the Dow 3000-4000 range.
	www.generationaldynamics.com /cgi-bin/D.PL?d=ww2010.i.060530panic (6621 words)

	Panics
		Panic did not subside, economy continued its slump through the end of the decade.
		November 9, 1903 - Panic of 1903 (known as the "Rich Man's Panic") reached its low; Dow dropped to 42.15; stocks of industrial companies fell to single-digit prices; fiscal crisis dragged on for the rest of the year, took severe toll on banks, many steel and iron producers.
		Panic on Wall Street : A Classic History of America's Financial Disasters with a New Exploration of the Crash of 1987.
	www.kipnotes.com /Panics.htm (1623 words)

	1857: Panic of 1857 - Bensonwiki
		By mid October, the panic reached its climax as banking was suspended in New York and New England and effects of the panic had spread across the nation.
		Causes for the panic were attributed to excessive imports, foreign debts, stock speculation, loans made with security in stocks and bonds, and particularly investment in railroads
		Southerners blamed the panic and recession on irresponsible northern over-spending.
	alpha.furman.edu /~corth/wiki/mediawiki-1.3.9/index.php?title=1857:_Panic_of_1857 (295 words)

	Andreas' History of the State of Nebraska - Douglas Co. History - Section 4
		He soon inaugurated measures for the erection of a church edifice, which was completed and dedicated in 1857, and after a service in the pastures of the Lord for nearly a third of a century, he passed away.
		The spring of 1857 dawned upon the city and county glorious in a realization of what the experiences of the previous year had influenced the inhabitant to predict.
		In February, 1857, Omaha, with a population variously estimated at from fifteen to eighteen hundred, began to assume in a more defiant manner the airs of a city, and determined to possess herself of rights incident to municipal corporations.
	www.kancoll.org /books/andreas_ne/douglas/douglas-p4.html (4934 words)

	Financial Library - Panic Of 1907 (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The Panic of 1907 was a financial crisis in the United States.
		The stock market fell nearly 50% from its peak in 1906, the economy was in recession, and there were numerous runs on banks and trust companies.
		One of the contributing factors of the Panic involved F.
	www.financiallibrary.com /panic-of-1907.htm (904 words)

	Romance of Omaha, Chapter VI
		Sterling Morton, Nebraska pioneer and founder of Arbor day, is authority for the statement that when the panic of 1857 broke over the country there were not less than 1,000,000 town lots staked out along the Missouri river from the Kansas border almost to what is now the South Dakota line.
		The panic of 1857 was a blessing in disguise to the new territory, according to Mr.
		During the winter of 1857 corn was shipped into Nebraska from Missouri and other states for food for man and beast and cost $2 a bushel.
	www.historicomaha.com /chap6.htm (1107 words)

	RETURN OF THE GODS WEBSITE--Coming Stock Market Crash?
		While it might be too strong to say that the Panic of 1857 precipitated the War of 1861-1865, it was undoubtedly a factor in worsening those sectional antagonisms that most certainly precipitated that War.
		Prior to the Panic of 1893, the Democratic Party had continued to be the more conservative of the two major parties.
		While the 1857 crash had come in August; that in 1893, in June; the 1929 crash had not come until October; with the final long term top (its true severity masked for many years by a contrived inflation) coming in December/January, 1965/1966.
	pages.prodigy.com /RETURN/stocks.htm (2160 words)

	Spartanburg SC \| GoUpstate.com \| Spartanburg Herald-Journal (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The Panic of 1857 was a sudden downturn in the economy of the United States that occurred in 1857.
		Investor confidence was further shaken in mid-September when 30,000 pounds (13,500 kg) of gold were lost at sea in a shipment from the San Francisco Mint to eastern banks.
		The tariff was one of several major issues that was dangerously increasing the tension between the two regions.
	www.goupstate.com /apps/pbcs.dll/section?category=NEWS&template=wiki&text=Panic_of_1857 (469 words)

	Bank Panic Handout (Site not responding. Last check: )
		In 1857, increased demand for wheat in Europe, caused by the Crimean War, came to a sudden end when the war ended and an excess harvest occured worldwide.
		In 1857, an Ohio insurance company went bankrupt which set off a panic primarily in the North.
		When inventory stocks of manufactured goods exceeded the demand for those goods because of the financial market, the depression deepened in the North as thousands of workers were laid off during the financial downturn.
	mgagnon.myweb.uga.edu /Tbanks.htm (313 words)

	Odd Wisconsin Archives
		Twenty years after the Panic of 1837 (described in the previous entry), Wisconsin suffered again when the nation plunged into another depression.
		The Panic of 1857 was felt especially hard in Wisconsin.
		Nationally, the Panic of 1857 was relatively short because the outbreak of the Civil War in the winter of 1860-1861 raised demand for farm products and manufactured goods, while at the same time it reduced the number of employable men when military-age workers entered service.
	www.wisconsinhistory.org /odd/archives/002419.asp (562 words)

	Panic of 1857 Information
		The Panic of 1857 was a notable sudden downturn in the economy of the United States that occurred in 1857.
		Investor confidence was further shaken in mid-September when 30,000 pounds of gold were lost at sea in a shipment from the San Francisco Mint to eastern banks.
		The Tariff Act of 1857 that followed reduced the average rate to about 20 percent — another reduction that was warmly greeted in the South and roundly derided in the North.
	www.bookrags.com /Panic_of_1857 (497 words)

	Ida Tarbell (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Ida Minerva Tarbell, born in 1857, was a woman far ahead of her time.
		In the late spring of 1857, Franklin Tarbell left Erie County for the farmlands of Iowa.
		The Panic of 1857, however, closed all the small banks in Pennsylvania, and forced Elizabeth to remain with her family in Hatch Hollow.
	www.phmc.state.pa.us /ppet/tarbell/page1.asp?secid=31 (631 words)

	Amazon.com: America in 1857: A Nation on the Brink: Books: Kenneth M. Stampp (Site not responding. Last check: )
		1857 marked the climax of the pro-slavery South's political power; it was a year dominated by the issue of slavery in the Federal territories.
		Instead of that, events in Kansas, the Dredd Scott case, the panic of 1857, and struggle within the Democratic Party between Northerners, Unionists and Fire Eaters (proto-Secessionists) wreck the party and leave the Republicans with a clear road to the White House.
		America in 1857: A Nation on the Brink by Kenneth M. Stampp is a work on how the nation was in 1857, a pivotal year, where sectional conflict spun out of control.
	www.amazon.com /America-1857-Kenneth-M-Stampp/dp/0195039025 (2122 words)

	Panic of 1857
		The Panic of 1857 abruptly ended the boom times that followed the Mexican War.
		The immediate event that touched off the panic was the failure of the New York branch of the Ohio Life Insurance and Trust Co., a major financial force that collapsed following massive embezzlement.
		Memorabilia related to Panic of 1857 is at auction on eBay.
	www.u-s-history.com /pages/h159.html (380 words)

	Highbeam Encyclopedia - Search Results for 1857
		It began (May 10, 1857) at Meerut as a mutiny among 35,000 Indian troops (sepoys) in the Bengal army.
		He emigrated (1857) to the United States with A. Downing, with whom he was first associated.
		Vine and oak: wives and husbands cope with the financial panic of 1857.
	www.encyclopedia.com /SearchResults.aspx?Q=1857&StartAt=1 (967 words)

	SSRN-Who Panics During Panics? Evidence from a Nineteenth Century Savings Bank by Cormac O'Grada, Eugene White
		The panics of 1854 and 1857 were not characterized by an immediate mass panic of depositors and had important time dimensions.
		In contrast, the panic of 1857 began with runs by businessmen and banking sophisticates followed by less informed depositors.
		Uninformed contagion may have been present, but the evidence suggests that this panic was driven by informational shocks in the face of asymmetric information about the true condition of bank portfolios.
	papers.ssrn.com /sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=305600 (404 words)

	SparkNotes: The Civil War 1850–1865: The Buchanan Years: 1857–1858
		Meanwhile, the bleeding had not stopped in Kansas, where abolitionist settlers and border ruffians, unable to agree on a territorial government, established two separate ones—a Free-Soil legislature in Topeka and a proslavery legislature in Lecompton.
		After the Free-Soilers boycotted a rigged election to draft a state constitution in 1857, proslavery settlers were given a free hand to write the document as they sought fit.
		The depression was sparked by the Panic of 1857, which occurred when newspapers reported the failure of a prominent bank in the Midwest.
	www.sparknotes.com /history/american/civilwar/section3.rhtml (900 words)

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