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| | PBS - JAZZ A Film By Ken Burns: Places Spaces & Changing Faces - European Immigrants |
 | | French, Hispanic, Caribbean, Italian, Austro-German, Anglo-Saxon, Celtic and diverse Latin American currents merged with the African traditions retained by the recently emancipated fls and the Creole ("free people of color," self-styled) in the rich musical life of a city where every occasion, civic or social, called for a band or a song. |
 | | In the bands of Jack "Papa" Laine (sometimes called "the father of white jazz"), first and second generation Irishmen, Jews, Italians (many of Sicilian stock) and Germans sat or marched side by side. |
 | | Italian-born trumpeter Frank Guarente was l7 when he arrived in the U.S., and 2l when he settled in New Orleans in l9l4, where he befriended and swapped lessons with the great King Oliver. |
| www.pbs.org /jazz/places/faces_immigration.htm (1032 words) |
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