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Topic: Papa class submarine

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List of ships of the Soviet Navy

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	Nuclear Warships and Naval Nuclear Weapons 1990: A Complete Inventory
		In addition, one of six Alfa class submarines was withdrawn and scrapped in 1988, and two Juliett class submarines were transferred from the Northern Fleet to the Baltic Sea in November 1989, possibly on their way to being scrapped.
		The SS-N- 3c is deployed on Echo II and Juliett class cruise missile submarines, and the SS-N-3b is deployed on Kresta I and Kynda class cruisers.
		As of June 1990, 38 nuclear-powered submarines are assigned to the Pacific Fleet and 54 are assigned to the Atlantic.
	www.fas.org /nuke/guide/nep5text.htm (19640 words)

	[10.0] Antiship Missiles (2) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		There are different classes of canister launchers, depending on requirements, but the general configuration is a pair of launcher assemblies, one on each side of the ship, with four tubes per assembly in a 2x2 arrangement.
		This led to development of two classes of antiship missiles: long-range cruise missiles and air-launched standoff weapons, both of which were generally also used as strategic nuclear weapons; and smaller antiship missiles more in the class of those developed in the West.
		Submarine launched variants are known as "Klub-S" and are fired from a torpedo tube, while ship-launched variants are known as "Klub-N" and are fired from a vertical-launch tube.
	www.vectorsite.net /twbomba.html (7225 words)

	wikien.info: Main_Page (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Papa is one of the Scalloway Islands, lying north west of Burra and east of Oxna in Shetland, Scotland.
		Papa is a name commonly used for a father, and as such, is another name for the Pope of the Roman Catholic church.
		Papa Stour is one of the Shetland Islands in Scotland, with a population of around thirty people, many of whom have immigrated since an appeal for residents in the 1970s.
	www.hostingciamca.com /browse.php?title=P/PA/PAP (6956 words)

	World Navies Today: Russian Submarines
		This class is now declining in numbers and is scheduled to be discarded under strategic arms limitation treaties.
		The single 'Papa' was discarded in 1991; all 'Charlie-II' class were discarded by 1996 (one retained in reserve commission for possible trials use); last 'Charlie-I' class discarded 1992-1994; the last 'Echo-II' class were discarded 1993-1995.
		The two 'India' class salvage/rescue submarines were discarded in 1995; the four 'Bravo' class target/training submarines were discarded 1992-95.
	www.hazegray.org /worldnav/russia/submar.htm (2428 words)

	91098: Navy Attack Submarine Programs: Issues for Congress
		This new submarine, which the Navy announced publicly in 1991, was at first called the Centurion, in honor of the upcoming centennial of the U.S. Navy submarine force.
		Funding for the FY1998 submarine may not be expended until funding for the FY1999 submarine is obligated or expended.
		The position of the conferees on the FY1997 defense authorization bill regarding submarine development and procurement is presented in Section 121 of the conference version of the bill (H.R. 3230) and in the conference report on the bill (H.Rept.
	www.fas.org /man/crs/91-098.htm (5593 words)

	Strategic Affairs - Weapons & Equipment
		The first a Charlie class submarine INS Chakra, was leased from Russia nine years ago and although Moscow was apparently willing to extend the lease period, India did not take up the option.
		The Charlie class is no longer in service with the Russian Navy, nor for that matter is the Akula class (also known as Typhoon), which Strategic Affairs learns, the Indian Navy has in the recent past expressed interest in.
		What could go against the Oscar II is the fact it was this class of boat of the Russian Navy, which went down in the Barents sea two months ago with all hands after a mysterious explosion in the torpedo tube.
	www.stratmag.com /issueJan-1/page02.htm (1833 words)

	Submarine, HMS, Seahorse, Undine, Starfish, Thistle, Tarpon, Sterlet, United, Undaunted, Unbroken
		She reports the landing on the 30th, but fails to rendezvous back there on the 9th and is presumed mined off the island of Milo, southeast of the Greek mainland.
		She attacks a convoy northeast of Tripoli and is presumed sunk in the counter-attack by destroyer escort "Pegaso".
		Her last signal is on the 31st December and she is presumed lost on mines in the approaches to the port.
	www.naval-history.net /WW2CampaignsBritishSubs.htm (2979 words)

	Project 670 / Charlie I Project 670M / Charlie II
		In common with American submarines, and unique among Soviet combat nuclear submarines, the Charlie class had a single reactor and a single propeller shaft -- all other Soviet submarine classes feature two reactors and two propellers.
		A total of 11 or 12 Charlie I submarines, carrying 8 SS-N-7s of approximately 30 mile range, were built between 1967 and 1972 at a rate of about two a year.
		K429 (a Charlie I class submarine) sank on 23 June 1983 in the Savannaya Bay in the Bering Sea.
	www.globalsecurity.org /military/world/russia/670.htm (540 words)

	Project 661 Anchar / Papa
		The Papa design included 10 SS-N-9 missiles in individual tubes forward of the sail, between the inner (pressure) hull and the outer hull.
		The US Navy was surprised in 1970 by the deployment of the Alfa-class attack submarine, whose 45 knot speed and 2000-2500 foot operating depth greatly surpased previous Soviet or American submarines.
		The K-162 was the world's fastest submarine, reportedly reaching a record speed of 44.7 knots on trials [causing signficant damage to topside equipment in the process].
	www.globalsecurity.org /military/world/russia/661.htm (214 words)

	CNS - Russian Submarine Dismantlement Issues - December 3, 2003 - Research Story of the Week
		The recent sinking of the K-159, caused by insufficient oversight during a rush to transport 16 submarines to dismantlement sites from remote Gremikha Naval Base over the summer,[3] makes it quite clear that foreign partners must be involved in decisions affecting all stages of the dismantlement process, lest they contribute to another accident.
		A general plan for the dismantlement of submarines must be shared with partner countries and organizations so that all involved understand the operations necessary to a successful program, and no bottlenecks arise.
		When submarines are defueled, that fuel becomes more vulnerable, as it is very difficult to remove nuclear fuel from a submarine, but relatively easy to move a container of SNF.
	cns.miis.edu /pubs/week/031203.htm (6156 words)

	BHARAT RAKSHAK MONITOR: Volume 4(2) September-October 2001
		Thereafter Ghazi's primary role was the ASW training of Pakistan's surface fleet flotilla and the training of submarine personnel to man the new Daphne class submarines being acquired from France.
		As minesweepers and the Daphne class submarines did not have the range to operate in the Bay of Bengal, it was assumed that the submarine Ghazi was stalking the Vikrant.
		He was told that if the deception plan had worked, the Ghazi would be prowling about, looking for the Vikrant and in the darkness, she may mistake one of the merchantmen for the carrier and have a go or could be laying a mine-field.
	www.bharat-rakshak.com /MONITOR/ISSUE4-2/harry.html (2555 words)

	uboat.net - Allied Warships - Submarine HMS Rorqual of the Porpoise class
		After completing an operation to lay mines off Fiume the submarine came across an unusual target she sighted a floating battery of two 5-inch guns and an anti-aircraft gun, mounted on a lighter which was being towed by an armed tug.
		The lighter could hardly be torpedoed, as she was of too shallow draft for the normal depth setting of the torpedoes, and the only other weapon the Rorqual had was a single 4-inch gun.
		The Italian submarine Pier Capponi (770 tons) is torpedoed and sunk south of Stromboli, Italy by the British submarine HMS Rorqual (Lt.Cdr R.H. Dewhurst).
	uboat.net /allies/warships/ship/3415.html (820 words)

	Haze Gray & Underway Photo Feature: Soviet & Russian Navy - Guided Missile Submarines - Nuclear Powered
		The 'ECHO I' class was unsuccessful and all were soon converted to SSNs, but the 'ECHO II' group lasted into the 1990's.
		A further change resulted when the SS-N-9 missile was not ready in time for the 'CHARLIE' class, forcing the substitution of the SS-N-7, a modified version of the venerable SS-N-2 'Styx'.
		Their great beam allows them to carry the missiles in individual tubes between the pressure hull and the outer hull, similar to the arrangement of the 'PAPA' class.
	www.hazegray.org /features/russia/ssgn.htm (533 words)

	[No title]
		Depending on the exact class of boat, and where it takes the hit, a Russian submarine might be able to survive a hit from a Mk 48 torpedo, or might sink immediately.
		Other classes (such as the Victor, I believe) are closer to the "single hull" construction of most US SSNs (with the ballast tanks at the bow and stern, instead of on each side of the pressure hull), and a hit there that penetrates the hull would probably be a kill.
		Project 685 (Plavnik) -- Mike Class (http://www.bellona.no/e/russia/nfl/685.htm) The titanium-hull SSN K-278 "Komsomolets" was the only boat of its class, and sank in the Barents Sea due to fire and flooding on 7 April 1989, in 1500 meters of water.
	www.delta-green.com /comint/dgml/v01/v01.n298 (4979 words)

	Submarine Wall Plaques
		For Pearl Harbor submariners and their loved ones, a flood of memories no doubt come back gazing at these two great looking submarine wall plaques produced from scenes repeated over and over to this day as submariners departed Pearl Harbor on patrol.
		Surely there are many of you wives, dependents and girlfriends who have actually lived these moments yourselves, caught in photos, as your husbands, dads and boyfriends left Pearl Harbor for the unknown, for untold lengths of time.
		Each of the below submarine wall plaques is framed in a rich cherry finish hardwood to give the image the rich look and sentiment it deserves.
	www.subshipstore.com /subwallplaques.html (277 words)

	Amazon.ca: Books: Cold War Submarines (H) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		In the section on submerged speed, the US Albacore and Skipjack class are highlighted, as is the early Soviet Papa class and the Alfa class.
		Such long sought after details as the 1960's CONFORM submarine, a truly remarkable design concept are covered, and there is a picture of a model of the submarine (now I can die in peace).
		This is the innovative Concept Formulation submarine that Rickover had killed in favor of the 688 class.
	www.amazon.ca /exec/obidos/ASIN/1574885944 (962 words)

	NTI: Issue Brief: Submarine Dismantlement Assistance (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Work at Nerpa includes modernizing the facility so that submarine reactor compartments, now temporarily stored in floating units consisting of three submarine compartments, can be towed there, cut out of these floating units, given a biological shield, and welded shut in preparation for long-term storage in a new land-based facility in nearby Sayda Bay.
		Several decommissioned submarines, solid and liquid radioactive waste, and spent fuel from Alfa-class submarine liquid metal reactors remain at the site, which requires extensive remediation.[7] However, as of April 2004 negotiations with France did not appear to be moving forward quickly.
		One Victor-class submarine is currently being scrapped at Zvezdochka Shipyard with Norwegian financing.[8] Another country that has recently expanded its assistance under the Global Partnership is the United Kingdom.
	www.nti.org /e_research/e3_43b.html (3043 words)

	NATO Code Names for Submarines and Ships
		Since the submarine was considered the capital ship of the Russian Navy (and therefore the building programs were especially vigorous), all 26 letters of the phonetic alphabet were exhausted in 1985.
		Beginning with the huge naval buildup in the late 1960s, more of the unit names became known and the classes began to be named after their lead vessel.
		Some classes were given first a temporairy designation, based on the first sighting, then a NATO 'K' Reporting Name, and finally the class was known by the name of its lead vessel.
	www.ais.org /~schnars/aero/nato-shp.htm (4471 words)

	Pacfront
		Revell Germany DDG Rommel (Adams Class) 1 left 14.00 5.
		U.S. Pacific Submarines in WW 2, by W.P. Gruner.
		PAPA and CHARLIE Class Russian Submarines, by Profile Morskie.
	www.steelnavy.com /pacfront.htm (4765 words)

	[No title]
		Essex Class Aircraft Carriers in World War II, by Glenn Arnold.
		W/ lots of nice plans, photos and color renderings…excellent reference for the early sub enthusiast and modeler.
		CWB-12 Benson/Gleaves Class Destroyers 16.00 CWB-13 IJN Kongo Class Battleships 14.00
	www.steelnavy.com /PacFrontSept.htm (3279 words)

	Russian and Soviet Designations (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Hotel submarine class Hound Mil Mi-4 Jay Bird Small radar set, used by the MiG-25U Foxbat-C trainer and the MiG-21MF.
		Mongol Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-21 Moose Yakovlev Yak-11 Moss Tupolev Tu-126 Mote Beriev Be-2 / MDR-2 Moujik Sukhoi Su-7 Mug Chetverikov Che-2 / MBR-2 Mule Polikarpov Po-2 Mystic Myasischew M-17 / M-55 Nanuchka Missile boat class Odd Rods IFF set with three antennas of increasing length.
		Yankee submarine class Yo-yo Radar for SA-1 Guild systems.
	www.csd.uwo.ca /~pettypi/elevon/gustin_military/sovdes.html (1017 words)

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