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	Papal bull - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Papal bull of Pope Urban VIII, 1637, sealed with a leaden bulla.
		A Papal bull is a special kind of patent or charter issued by a pope and named for the seal (bulla) that was appended to the end to authenticate it.
		Papal bulls were originally issued by the pope for many kinds of communication of a public nature, but after the 15th century, only for the more formal or solemn of occasions.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Papal_bull (1015 words)

	NationMaster.com - Encyclopedia: Papal Bull
		Clericis laicos was a Papal bull issued on February 25, 1296 by Pope Boniface VIII in an attempt to prevent the secular states of Europe, in particular France and England, from appropriating church revenues without the express prior permission of the pope.
		The Papal Bull Aeterni regis was issued on June 21, 1481 by Pope Sixtus IV, and confirmed the substance of the Treaty of Alcáçovas in confirming Castile in its possession of the Portugal.
		A Golden Bull or chrysobull was a golden ornament representing a seal (a bulla aurea or golden seal in Latin), attached to a decree issued by monarchs in Europe and the Byzantine Empire during the Middle Ages and...
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Papal-Bull (5636 words)

	CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Bulls and Briefs
		The total number of papyrus bulls at present known to be in existence is twenty-three, the latest being one issued by Benedict VIII (1012-24) for the monastery of Hildesheim.
		Now the "great bulls" on account of their many formalities and the number of hands they passed through, were much more secure from fraud of all kinds, and the parties interested were probably willing to defray the additional expenditure that might be entailed by this form of instrument.
		Bulls are now written in the same clear Roman script that is used for briefs, and in view of the difficulties arising from transmission by post, the old leaden seal is replaced in many cases by a simple stamp bearing the same device in red ink.
	www.newadvent.org /cathen/03052b.htm (5297 words)

	Bull - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		A Bull is an adult male of various large animal species, especially cattle.
		Papal bull, a solemn decree from the Pope
		Bull (mythology), an object of worship or legend
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Bull (128 words)

	Papal Bull (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-20)
		PAPAL BULL has some pretty strong form in the book and he can continue on an upward curve in the Group Three MBNA Europe Bank Chester Vase on the Roodee today.
		Many would assume that the success of Papal Bull, who is not even entered at Epsom, meant that the Chester Vase had also shed its formal vesting as a Derby...
		A dangerous joker emerged on the Roodee in the shape of Papal Bull, whose muscular presence is reinforced by a raking stride.
	www.wikiverse.org /papal-bull (264 words)

	Papal encyclicals regarding Freemasonry
		Although the name "bull" is a popular term used for all kinds of instruments which issue from the papal chancery, few of the condemnations of Freemasonry are strictly speaking bulls.
		A Papal Allocution is a solemn form of address or speech from the throne delivered by the pope only in a secret consistory at which the cardinals alone are present.
		Papal Constitutions (Constituere) are ordinations issued by the Roman pontiffs and binding those for whom they are issued, whether they be for all the faithful or for special classes or individuals.
	freemasonry.bcy.ca /anti-masonry/papal_encyclicals.html (858 words)

	Revoking the Papal Bull of 1493
		A movement to revoke the Papal Bull "Inter Caetera" was initiated by the Indigenous Law Institute in 1992.
		The Papal Bulls as Pertaining to the Americas The historical introduction below is taken from Paul Gottschalk, "The Earliest Diplomatic Documents on America: The Papal Bulls of 1493 and the Treaty of Tordesillas Reproduced and Translated," Berlin, 1927.
		The introduction and bull "Inter Caetera" of May 4, 1493 are provided by Frances Gardiner Davenport, ed., "European Treaties bearing on the History of the United States and its Dependencies to 1648," Washington, D.C., 1917.
	www.manataka.org /page155.html (1435 words)

	Revoke the Papal Bull
		Papal bulls are edicts or laws that govern the Roman Catholic church.
		The 1493 bull we are concerned with was the decree handed down by Pope Alexander VI to the king and queen of Spain and subsequently given to Columbus on his second voyage into the Caribbean.
		The ideology of Christian dominion grounded in the papal bulls forms the basis of what came to be known as the "doctrine of discovery" (Newcomb 1993).
	www.uctp.org /papalbull1.htm (2568 words)

	PAPAL BULL ON THE MILLENNIUM
		The Pope has written a papal bull outlining the key aspects of the Catholic Church's millennium celebrations, and calling for a solution to the third world debt problem.
		In this bull, Pope John Paul II writes that the year will start on Christmas Eve 1999 with the opening of the holy door in Rome, and run until 6 January 2001, the Feast of the Epiphany.
		A decree on indulgences is included as an appendix to the papal bull.
	www.catholic-ew.org.uk /cn/98/981127a.htm (902 words)

	Papal bull (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-20)
		The Papal bull is the most formal form of patent issued by the Vatican Chancery in the name of the pope.
		This is because the bull was the exclusive letter format from the Vatican until the 14th century, when the Papal brief began to appear.
		It is the less formal form of papal communication and is authenticated with a wax impression (now a red ink impression) of the Ring of the Fisherman.
	papal-bull.area51.ipupdater.com (572 words)

	Papal bull (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-20)
		There has never been an exact distinction of usage between a bull and other forms of communication, such as a Papal brief.
		This Papal Bull was what set the Inquisition into full swing.
		Of or pertaining to a bull; resembling a bull; male; large; fierce.
	www.serebella.com /encyclopedia/article-Papal_bull.html (1140 words)

	CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Anglican Orders
		Moreover, Leo XIII, in his Bull "Apostolicae Curae", speaks of many such cases as having been formally referred to the Holy See at different times, with the result that the practice of re-ordaining was invariably observed.
		In this Bull he begins by expressing his affectionate interest in the English people and his desire for their return to unity, and by reciting the circumstances which had led to the issue of this solemn decision.
		But the Bull further examines how far the remainder of this Ordinal, or the circumstances under which it came into being, can be held to determine the ambiguity of the "essential form".
	www.newadvent.org /cathen/01491a.htm (5856 words)

	Papal Bull "Cum Nulla" 1452
		The prior of the house in Florence, Bartolomew Masi, obtained the papal bull “Cum nulla” from Pope Nicholas V, dated October 7, 1452.
		This gave authority to the Prior General and to the Provincials of the Order to receive, admit, and protect the female virgin religious, widows, “beguines,” mantellatae, who, individually or in groups (convents) were living, or in the future would ask to live, under the habit and protection of the Carmelite Order.
		This bull is considered as the institution of the Carmelite cloistered nuns, of the Third Order and of the Carmelite Confraternities.
	www.carmelites.ie /Archive/bullcumnulla.htm (569 words)

	Papal bull on the jubilee
		On 29 November 1998, the first Sunday of Advent, Pope John Paul II promulgated a papal bull, entitled Incarnationis Mysterium ('The mystery of the Incarnation'), outlining the key aspects of the Catholic Church's millennium celebrations.
		In this papal bull, Pope John Paul II writes that the year will start on Christmas Eve 1999 and run until 6 January 2001, the Feast of the Epiphany.
		By the present decree, which implements the will of the Holy Father expressed in the Bull of indiction of the great jubilee of the year 2000, and by virtue of faculties granted by the same Supreme Pontiff, the Apostolic Penitentiary defines the discipline to be observed for gaining the jubilee indulgence.
	www.catholic-ew.org.uk /briefing/9812/9812001.htm (6886 words)

	The Avalon Project : The Bull of Pope Adrian IV Empowering Henry II to Conquer Ireland. A.D. 1155
		The Bull of Pope Adrian IV Empowering Henry II to Conquer Ireland.
		That a papal bull was dispatched to England about this time and concerning this matter is certain.
		That this was the actual bull sent is doubted by many-I myself am not among the number-from the fact that in form and wording it differs from other papal bulls of the time.
	www.yale.edu /lawweb/avalon/medieval/bullad.htm (533 words)

	Papal bull (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-20)
		The Bull on papal supremacy issued 18 November, 1302, by Boniface VIII during the dispute with Philip the Fair, King of France.
		A papal Bull, so called from the feast on which it was annually published in Rome, viz, the feast of the Lord's Supper, or Maundy Thursday.
		The origin of the papal consistory is closely connected with the history of the Roman presbytery or body of the Roman clergy.
	www.omniknow.com /common/wiki.php?in=en&term=Papal_bull (2346 words)

	Papal Bull, dated June 8, 1216 Pope Innocent III
		It confirms the rights and property of the order of St. Lazarus, which 'was a religious and military order founded in Jerusalem about 1150 A.D. Its primary object was the tending of the sick, especially lepers, of whom Lazarus was regarded as the patron saint.
		In 1253, Louis IX gave the members the lands of Boigny near Orleans and a building at the gates of Paris, which they turned into a lazar-house for the use of the lepers of the city.
		A papal confirmation was obtained from Alexander IV in 1255.' (Ency.
	www.wsulibs.wsu.edu /holland/masc/papalbull.html (703 words)

	UNAM SANCTAM
		Bull of Pope Boniface VIII promulgated November 18, 1302
		Urged by faith, we are obliged to believe and to maintain that the Church is one, holy, catholic, and also apostolic.
		Furthermore, we declare, we proclaim, we define that it is absolutely necessary for salvation that every human creature be subject to the Roman Pontiff.
	www.papalencyclicals.net /Bon08/B8unam.htm (515 words)

	Papal bull
		Papal bulls were originally issued by the pope for...
		POPE PIUS V'S BULL AGAINST ELIZABETH (1570) Pius Bishop, servant of the servants of God, in lasting memory of the matter.
		The papal seal affixed to most bulls is made of lead and is inscribed with the name of the reigning...
	www.logicjungle.com /wiki/Papal_bull (243 words)

	Trinicenter.com - Exposing Rome's papal geo-political supremacy - Part 1
		This papal decision-making process supports the contention that Christianity/Roman Catholicism is one of the nine potent weapons in the armoury of Europeans to destroy, decimate and annihilate Afrikan peoples.
		And in a Papal Bull also titled "Inter Caetera" dated 3 May 1493, Spanish-born Pope Alexander V1 granted to the Spanish King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella "as their personal property and peculiar responsibility, rights in the countries discovered by Columbus as were enjoyed by Portugal in Africa."
		As a result of Pope Julius' 11 papal supremacist geo-political decision, the original Black, Afrikan spiritual Triad of Asuar, Iset and Heru is now portrayed as White, European in their derived Christian, religious form.
	www.trinicenter.com /kwame/2005/0805.htm (945 words)

	GhostChild.com > Papal Bull Dum diversas, 1452 by Nicolas V (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-20)
		Papal Bull Dum diversas, 1452 by Nicolas V
		...a papal bull of Nicholas V condemned it...
		...Yet it was this very Catholic Church in Spain-with papal sanction-that resorted to the doctrine of limpieza, purity of blood, to exclude Christians from holding ecclesiastical office if they had Jewish bloodeven when this blood had coursed through the veins of loyal Christians for more than a century...
	www.ghostchild.com /forum/index.php?showtopic=1155 (2543 words)

	Papal Bull
		An instrument or document of the Catholic Church or royalty is called a papal bull.
		After the thirteenth century, the name bull was a popular term for most papal documents.
		The Inquisition in 1471-1484, which was established by a Papal Bull under Sixtus IV, was called 'the greatest error in Church history' by Pope John Paul II.
	www.allaboutreligion.org /papal-bull-faq.htm (325 words)

	The Spoof - Papal Bull Attacks Women
		The bull launched a frontal attack on “uppity females intent on undermining two-thousand years of divinely guided tradition.” Then, with a deft ninety degree swing, it took a swipe at Catholic men who support their sisters, wives, and daughters in the quest for religious equality.
		While there was nothing new in content, the tone of the papal document distinguished itself by an unprecedented candor bordering on rudeness.
		On the subject of permitting Catholic women to enter the priesthood, the bull snorted that immodest demands made by “female screech owls who have built nests within the venerable institution of the Church” are as old as original sin.
	www.thespoof.com /news/spoof.cfm?headline=s3i1780 (603 words)

	Definition of Papal bull
		A Papal bull is a written communication from the Vatican Chancery, bearing a formal papal seal.
		The title of a bull is its opening words.
		The term is derived from the Latin bulla referring to the seal impressed onto wax which was contained in a hemisphere of gold about the size of the eye of a bull, through which passed the ends of a gold and silver braided cord that was looped through slits in the document.
	www.wordiq.com /definition/Papal_bull (349 words)

	Papal bull (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-20)
		A Papal bull is a written communication from the Vatican Chancery originally sealed with lead (sometimes with metal now more commonly with red ink).
		Sicola, the papal bull: A fantasy on the escapades of an itinerant Pope
		Theophrastus Bombastus von Hohenheim, Sticky rice, University of King's College, Dead letter office, Agatha Arpad, Edward Kelley, Spirit medium, Third Geneva Convention, St.
	www.freeglossary.com /Papal_bull (291 words)

	Guardian Unlimited \| Columnists \| More papal bull from the Vatican
		This faction, as the reinstated doctrine of papal infallibility suggests, is not a small one.
		Dioceses from which the church has withdrawn its radical priests have been invaded by American-backed protestant fundamentalists, who instruct their flocks that the meek will inherit the earth: if they try to confront those who seize their lands, for example, they will cease to be blessed in the sight of God.
		It is easy for us, inhabitants of a largely godless nation, to scoff at the papal bull the Vatican produces, but Rome remains the sole arbiter of belief for hundreds of millions of people.
	www.guardian.co.uk /Columnists/Column/0,5673,235381,00.html (951 words)

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