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Topic: Papal Coronation

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	Papal Tiara
		As with all other modern coronations, the ceremony itself was only symbolic; the person duly elected became pope and Bishop of Rome the moment he accepted his election in the Conclave, as popes John Paul I and II showed by declining a coronation.
		As with all previous popes, Pope Paul VI was crowned with a tiara at the papal coronation.
		Pope Paul's tiara was presented to the National Shrine of the Basilica of the Immaculate Conception in Washington DC by the Apostolic Delegate to the United States on February 6, 1968 as a gesture of Pope Paul VI's affection for the Catholic Church in the United States.
	www.ebroadcast.com.au /lookup/encyclopedia/pa/Papal_tiara.html (3396 words)

	CalendarHome.com - - Calendar Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		The Papal Coronation is a ceremony in which a new pope is crowned as head of the Roman Catholic Church and sovereign of Vatican City (and before 1870, head of state of the Papal States).
		Pius XII's 1939 coronation broke new grounds by being the first coronation to be filmed and the first coronation to be broadcast live on radio.
		Coronation • Fanon ;• Holy See • Inauguration ;• Mitre ;• Mozzetta ;• Pallium ;• Popemobile ;• Regalia and Insignia • Ring of the Fisherman • St. John Lateran • St. Peter's Basilica • St. Peter's Square • Sedia gestatoria • Sistine Chapel • Tiara ;• Vatican City
	encyclopedia.calendarhome.com /cgi-bin/encyclopedia.pl?p=Papal_Coronation (969 words)

	STRUGGLE BETWEEN SWORD AND SEE
		Second, a Frankish king's coronation as Emperor contributed to the separation of the Latin and Greek churches.
		Finally, the coronation marked the passing of political power from southern to northern Europe and from the Latin to the Teutonic peoples.
		Papal policy challenged his ideas and conflict was inevitable.
	www.christianchronicler.com /history1/struggle_between_sword_and_see.html (1823 words)

	Papal Coronation - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Papal Coronation is a ceremony in which a new pope is crowned as head of the Roman Catholic Church and sovereign of Vatican City (and before 1870, head of state of the Papal States).
		The absence of this supposed oath, and his failure to be crowned with, and wear, a papal tiara, means that Benedict XVI is not considered a legitimate Pope, but merely an antipope, in the eyes of some ultra-traditionalist Catholics.
		Coronation • Fanon • Holy See • Inauguration ;• Mitre • Mozzetta • Pallium ;• Popemobile • Regalia and Insignia • Ring of the Fisherman • St. John Lateran • St. Peter's Basilica • St. Peter's Square • Sedia gestatoria • Sistine Chapel • Tiara • Vatican City
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Papal_Coronation (961 words)

	Kids.Net.Au - Encyclopedia > Pope John Paul I (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		He was elected at the third ballot of the Papal Conclave, and this quick choice has been seen as a sign of probably rapidly achieved unanimous consensus.
		Among his first papal acts he intended preparing an encyclical to confirm the lines of Vatican Council II ("an extraordinary long-range historical event and of growth for the Church", he said) and to enforce the Church's discipline in the life of priests and faithful.
		The claim that papal rules prevented post-morta could have an innocent explanation: having embalmed the pope's body to avoid rapid decay, a mythical 'rule' could have been dreamt up to justify the action.
	www.kids.net.au /encyclopedia-wiki/po/Pope_John_Paul_I (2275 words)

	STRUGGLE BETWEEN SWORD AND SEE
		Second, a Frankish king's coronation as Emperor contributed to the separation of the Latin and Greek churches.
		Finally, the coronation marked the passing of political power from southern to northern Europe and from the Latin to the Teutonic peoples.
		Papal policy challenged his ideas and conflict was inevitable.
	christianchronicler.com /history1/struggle_between_sword_and_see.html (1823 words)

	The Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church - Papal elections - XV Century
		France's candidates for the papal throne had not fared well in earlier elections of the fifteenth century; and the current king, Charles VIII, was a vacillating and weak young man who did not please the Italian cardinals with his warlike posture in his claims to the kingdom of Naples.
		The importance of Raffaele Riario during the vacancy of the papal throne in 1492 is not mentioned anywhere, but as chamberlain of the Church he was in charge of the whole of the ecclesiastical government during the sede vacante.
		To raise an Orsini to the papal throne was looked upon by the Colonna as the worst fate which could conceivably befall them for, they were convinced, the whole reign would be devoted to a systematic reduction of their strongholds and their power.
	www.fiu.edu /~mirandas/election-alexandervi.htm (21637 words)

	How a Pope Is Elected (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		In the presence of the Camerlengo and other officials of the Papal Court, the white veil which covers the face of the dead Pope is removed, and prayers are said for the repose of his soul.
		At one time, the papal election had to be commenced within 10 days after the death of the Pope, but the time has now been extended so that the election must begin not less than 15 days, and not later than 18 days, after the Pope’s death.
		At the end of the papal Mass, the crowds gather once more in St. Peter’s Square, and watch, while in full view of all of them, the great triple tiara, the crown of the Supreme Pontiff, the Holy Father of the Church, is slowly and solemnly placed upon the head of the Pope.
	www.truecatholic.org /pope/conclave-history.htm (2358 words)

	[No title]
		The ancient papal oath, therefore, foresees the possibility that even a pope may become a heretic or schismatic by violating either dogma or the rites of the Church handed down by Tradition.
		Thomas Aquinas recognized that the Pope could introduce new formulas of faith, but Thomas thought of this in the context of papal councils like the Lateran councils, and saw papal authority to determine the faith as being exercised as the head of such a council, not in opposition to it or independence from it.
		Papal infaillibility was here being invoked not to EXALT the Pope's authority, but to limit it, by ensuring that a pope did not arbitrarily reverse earlier Christian teaching.
	www.traditio.com /tradlib/popelim.txt (6131 words)

	Pope Urban VII
		On his return to Italy he voluntarily resigned the archiepiscopal See of Rossano in January, 1573, and was sent by Gregory XIII as nuncio to Venice, whence he was transferred as governor to Bologna in 1577.
		He once expressed a desire to remove to the Quirinal, where the air was purer and more wholesome, but, when told that it was not customary for the pope to be seen in the city before his coronation, he remained in the Vatican.
		He died before the papal coronation could take place and was buried in the Vatican Basilica.
	www.catholicity.com /encyclopedia/u/urban_vii,pope.html (777 words)

	Papal coronation (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Miscamble papal coronation faith in a sealed envelope that gregory vii however, was to be greatly papal coronation rewarded.
		Papal coronation what issues will be a bishop papal coronation to papal coronation various groups.
		Papal coronation that he, without causing a sort of their influence was very papal coronation complicated when elected pope.
	papal.daringbo.com /papal-coronation.html (485 words)

	Holy Roman Empire - MSN Encarta
		In seeking protection against the Lombards, the popes turned to the Franks, a tribe that controlled a large amount of territory in what is now France.
		The Frankish king Pepin the Short first took the battlefield against the Lombards, but it was his son Charlemagne who ultimately established papal sovereignty in what is now Italy.
		When Leo’s successor seized an opportunity to continue the tradition by crowning Charlemagne’s son Louis I in 817, the precedent of papal coronation was established.
	encarta.msn.com /encyclopedia_761558731/Holy_Roman_Empire.html (2385 words)

	CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Conclave
		It is the first occasion on which we meet with the word conclave in connection with papal elections.
		Immediately on the death of a pope the cardinal camerlengo who, as representative of the Sacred College, assumes charge of the papal household, verifies by a judicial act the death of the pontiff.
		Papal legislation has long since forbidden the once customary "capitulations", or ante-election agreements binding on the new pope; it is also forbidden to cardinals to treat of the papal succession among themselves during the pope's lifetime; the pope may, however, treat of the
	www.newadvent.org /cathen/04192a.htm (3683 words)

	ElectAPope.Com - The Coronation
		During the Coronation of Pope Pius XII, the most memorable event was the placing of the Papal Tiara.
		Popular belief surrounding the Papal Tiara is that the three crowns symbolize the Church Militant on earth, the Church Suffering after death and before heaven, and the Church Triumphant in eternal reward.
		Until the Coronation of Pope Pius XII in 1939, which took place inside Saint Peter’s and was broadcast on the radio, only a select group witnessed a solemn liturgical rite of inauguration.
	www.electapope.com /index.php?page=The_Coronation (662 words)

	papalmonarchy.page
		The Papal Tiara is a crown symbolizing the threefold authority of the Supreme Pontiff: Universal Pastor (top), Universal Ecclesiastical Jurisdiction (middle) and the Temporal Power (bottom).
		Of this last, only the Vatican City State remains from the papal territories, which in past ages secured the autonomy of the Vicar of Christ from the princes of this world.
		This last tiara was then given to benefit the poor, but remains as a symbol in the papal crest.
	www.geocities.com /rexstupormundi/papalmonarchy.html (425 words)

	Papal Claims to Authority
		The Vatican's papal sacristies of the Sistine Chapel (room of the Copricapi), and St. Peter's Basilica in Rome, apparently have nearly twenty papal tiaras, and a few are known to be on permanent display elsewhere.
		Newspaper reports said this tiara was used in the coronations of both Pius XII in 1939 and John XXIII in 1958, although photos taken at these coronations indicate it was the 1877 blue-banded tiara of Pius IX that was actually used.
		Pius XII chose this tiara for his coronation to symbolize the end of the 59 year feud between the holy see and the Italian state with the signing of the Lateran Treaty in 1929, which restored papal temporal sovereignty over the Vatican, lost under the pontificate of Pius IX.
	www.aloha.net /~mikesch/claims.htm (10545 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		The Papacy retained sovereign authority over the Papal States until the Italian unification of 1870; a final political settlement with the Italian government was not reached until the Lateran Treaty of 1929.
		A traditionalist Catholic belief claims the existence of the Papal Oath (not to be confused with the Oath against Modernism mandated by Pope Pius X), which the Popes from John Paul I on are said to have refused to swear, but there is no reliable authority for this claim.
		In 1302 the papal bull Unam Sanctam stated that "it is absolutely necessary for the salvation of every creature to be united to the Roman Pontiff" (Pope Boniface VIII).
	www.skeletalmuscles.net /muscles.php?title=Pope (6069 words)

	Papal Claims to Authority
		This tiara was reportedly used for papal coronations, to include that of Pope Pius IX on June 21, 1846.
		Newspaper reports said this tiara was used in the coronations of both Pius XII in 1939 and John XXIII in 1958, although photos taken at these coronations indicate it was the 1877 blue-banded tiara of Pius IX that was actually used.
		Made by the papal jeweler Tantani to be presented to the pope in November of 1908 to celebrate the 50th anniversary of his priesthood (Sept 18, 1858).
	www.biblelight.net /claims.htm (10858 words)

	The Imperium Christianum
		In the spirit of compromise, the coronation of Charles as Emperor of the Romans was in the interests of both Charles and the Papacy; it forestalled the looming conflict over the division of power by means of an integration of Church and State in the Frankish Kingdom.
		Before the conquest of Lombardy “all papal letters, even those addressed to the king of the Franks, were dated by the years of the reign of the [Byzantine] Emperor; but the last papal letter still existing, which was so dated, is Hadrian’s letter of A.D. The Papacy no longer looked to ‘the Greeks’” (Burns 20).
		The coronation of an ‘Emperor’ was a kind of consecration, giving moral authority to military power by connecting it with Christian Rome —; the Rome of the martyrs and apostles” (26).
	www.stevesachs.com /papers/paper_karolus.html (5707 words)

	Flak Magazine: Pomp, Progress and the Papacy, 04.19.05 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Then in a six-hour coronation ceremony, the pope is crowned with the papal tiara (tiregnum) and paraded around St. Peter's Square in the papal throne.
		Thus the gesture by Paul VI of laying down his crown, in effect the refocusing of the papal mandate back to "serve the servants," was meant to snap the papacy out of issues of nationalism and political power and recreate the image of pope as a shepherd.
		In a ceremony already shrouded in more than 1,000 years of secrecy, the papal coronation ceremony was the closest thing to actually being there that the public could hope for.
	www.flakmag.com /opinion/auctoritas.html (1213 words)

	Charles A. Coulombe: Coronations In Catholic Theology
		While the coronation was not itself held generally to confer the Kingship, it nevertheless seemed to be necessary for the royal personage to enjoy the fullness of the graces thereof.
		The English coronation remains much the same to-day although at the Reformation it was translated into the vernacular and the oaths changed.
		Nevertheless, one meeting ground between the two groups may be found in the mystic occurrence of the coronation, whose meaning was a common tongue of governance to French and English alike, as well as to all of Christendom.
	www.cheetah.net /~ccoulomb/coronations.html (7223 words)

	Section III
		There is some evidence that it was the coronation chair of Charles II, king of France, known as Charles the Bald, who was crowned in Rome on Christmas day, 875, by John VIII, in an attempt to restore the Western (Holy Roman) empire.
		When papal infallibility was decreed by Pope Pius IX in 1870, this question and answer were quietly omitted from the catechism without note, comment, or explanation.
		Papal indulgences are not sold today, but they still are granted; and it is understood that “the faithful” who come seeking them must not come empty-handed.
	www.americanpresbyterianchurch.org /section_iii1.htm (13880 words)

	Flak Magazine: Pomp, Progress and the Papacy, 04.19.05
		Then in a six-hour coronation ceremony, the pope is crowned with the papal tiara (tiregnum) and paraded around St. Peter's Square in the papal throne.
		Thus the gesture by Paul VI of laying down his crown, in effect the refocusing of the papal mandate back to "serve the servants," was meant to snap the papacy out of issues of nationalism and political power and recreate the image of pope as a shepherd.
		In a ceremony already shrouded in more than 1,000 years of secrecy, the papal coronation ceremony was the closest thing to actually being there that the public could hope for.
	flakmag.com /opinion/auctoritas.html (1229 words)

	Holy Roman Empire - Printer-friendly - MSN Encarta
		The coronation also symbolically promoted both the papacy and the Frankish kings to a level of authority comparable only to that of the Byzantine emperor.
		By granting the title of emperor, the papacy gained a huge influence over all subsequent imperial candidates, ensuring the pope’s role in legitimizing Western emperors for centuries to come.
		Many German kings reigned for several years before their coronation as emperors of Rome.
	encarta.msn.com /text_761558731___3/Holy_Roman_Empire.html (953 words)

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