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UNODC - Bulletin on Narcotics - 1981 Issue 1 - 007 Papaverine and papaverine hydrochloride and sulphate are described in the pharmacopoeiae of many countries. To remove residual narcotine from the crude papaverine, 350 g sodium hydroxide were added to 600 g of grey coloured papaverine in 1.51 of water, and the mixture was digested for 2 h at 80-85°C under mechanical stirring, after which it was filtered. Cryptopine is strongly basic, whereas papaverine is a weakly basic alkaloid and amongst the various grades of aluminium oxide available in India, the active neutral type (pH 6.5, 5% aqueous suspension) and the active acidic type (pH 5.2) were found to be very effective in removing the cryptopine in the papaverine. www.unodc.org /unodc/bulletin/bulletin_1981-01-01_1_page008.html   (3678 words)

UNODC - Bulletin on Narcotics - 1952 Issue 3 - 005 Papaverine (1-(3,4-dimethoxybenzyl)-6,7-dimethoxyisoquinoline) is a member of the benzylisoquinoline sub-group of the opium alkaloids and is present in most varieties of opium to the extent of 0.5 to 1 per cent. Papaverine, in the form of its hydrochloride, is administered intravenously in treating pulmonary arterial embolism and orally or by injection in treating renal or biliary colic. Spath and Berger[12] synthesized papaverine in low yield by a route which is of interest because it employs intermediates which are likely to be the biogenetic precursors of the alkaloid. www.unodc.org /unodc/bulletin/bulletin_1952-01-01_3_page006.html   (2529 words)

Papaverine hydrochloride (Papaverine hydrochloricum) [www.sopharma.com] Papaverine is an opium alkaloid; it can also be obtained by synthesis. Papaverine slows down the nerve impulses along the bundle of the heart, its effect on the latter being similar to that of quinidine. The mechanism of action of papaverine is not yet fully elucidated; so far it is clear that it inhibits the enzyme phosphodiesterase and induces intracellular accumulation of cyclic AMP and binding of the calcium ions in the tendoplasmic reticulum. www.bpg.bg /sopharma/categories/444/44407papaverine_hydrochloride.html   (272 words)

Papaverine - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Papaverine is an opium alkaloid used primarily in the treatment of visceral spasm, vasospasm (especially those involving the heart and the brain), and occasionally in the treatment of erectile dysfunction. Papaverine is approved to treat spasms of the gastointestinal tract, bile ducts and ureter and for use as a cerebral and coronary vasodilator Papaverine is available as a conjugate of hydrochloride, codecarboxylate, adenylate, and teprosylate. en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Papaverine   (610 words)

AANS.org | Education and Meetings | AANS Scientific Journals | Neurosurgical Focus Papaverine infusion also resulted in an initial decrease of TCD-measured velocities; however, reversal of vasospasm was transient in the majority of cases, rendering it much less effective as a treatment for vasospasm when used alone. Whereas the use of papaverine must be tempered by its attendant risk of hemodynamic complications,[33] it remains potentially useful for the treatment of vasospastic vessel segments which cannot be treated with balloon dilation, such as the anterior cerebral artery, MCA branches, and distal distributions. Reported complications of papaverine infusion include monocular blindness,[7] brainstem dysfunction (including respiratory arrest),[5,31] focal neurological deficits that resolved on cessation of papaverine infusion,[18,19] and formation of crystal emboli.[32] Moreover, as the present study indicates, papaverine infusion does not provide permanent reversal of vasospasm, thus requiring repeated infusions with the associated risks of repeated angiography. aans.org /education/journal/neurosurgical/oct97/3-4-8.asp?...   (4205 words)

Papaverine Pharmacology, Pharmacokinetics, Studies, Metabolism - Papaverine - RxList Monographs Perhaps by its direct vasodilating action on cerebral blood vessels, papaverine increases cerebral blood flow and decreases cerebral vascular resistance in normal subjects; oxygen consumption is unaltered. The direct actions of papaverine on the heart to depress conduction and irritability and to prolong the refractory period of the myocardium provide the basis for its clinical trial in abrogating atrial and ventricular premature systoles and ominous ventricular arrhythmias. Papaverine may have advantages over quinidine, used for similar purpose, in that it may be given in an emergency by the intravenous route, does not depress myocardial contraction or cause cinchonism, and produces coronary vasodilation. www.rxlist.com /cgi/generic/papaverine_cp.htm   (275 words)

MedlinePlus Drug Information: Papaverine (Intracavernosal)   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18) When papaverine is injected into the penis (intracavernosal), it increases blood flow to the penis, which results in an erection. Papaverine injection should not be used as a sexual aid by men who do not have erectile dysfunction. Although there is no specific information comparing the use of papaverine for erectile dysfunction in the elderly with use in other age groups, this medicine is not expected to cause different side effects or problems in older people than it does in younger adults. www.nlm.nih.gov /medlineplus/druginfo/uspdi/202438.html   (1196 words)

AANS.org | Education and Meetings | AANS Scientific Journals | Neurosurgical Focus Thirteen vessel segments (54%) in eight patients (62%) initially treated with papaverine infusion alone required repeated treatment: six vessel segments in three patients were treated with repeated papaverine infusion; three segments in two patients with balloon angioplasty; and four segments in three patients with both modalities simultaneously (Table 3). Although we found papaverine infusion alone to be less effective than balloon angioplasty for the treatment of vasospasm, a small initial infusion often facilitated access for balloon angioplasty procedures. Papaverine infusion for the treatment of cerebral vasospasm might seem more attractive based on arguments that papaverine is safer because its infusion is less technically demanding than balloon angioplasty. www.aans.org /education/journal/neurosurgical/oct97/3-4-8.asp   (4205 words)

FAQ for injections for erections from Rockwell   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18) Although Papaverine is approved by the Food and Drug Administration for use in the human body, its manufacturer states that "Papverine Hydrochloride is not indicated for the treatment of impotence by intracorporeal injections" One of the toxic effects reported with Papaverine is a skipped heartbeat or abnormal conduction in the heart. Papaverine and Phenotolamine have been used for the purpose of stimulating an erection as of 1983. www.phoenix5.org /sexaids/injections/QArockwell.html   (1759 words)

papaverine Papaverine may also be useful in treating conditions involving spasms of the intestines and urinary tract. Papaverine is in the FDA pregnancy category C. This means that it is not known whether papaverine will harm an unborn baby. Papaverine may decrease the effects of levodopa (Dopar, Larodopa) which is used to treat Parkinson's disease. hw.healthdialog.com /kbase/multum/d00695a1.htm   (1113 words)

Migrainepage Discussion Forum - "Papaverine" Subsequently, a controlled, double-blind study of Papaverine was carried out among 37 children with migraine (Sillanpaa and Kopone, 1978), and a substantial therapeutic effect of the drug was documented in children with, as well as without, focal neurologic symptoms accompanying their attacks. A daily dose of Papaverine (5-10 mg per kg body weight) was administered on a double-blind basis for two months to 42 successive child patients suffering from migraine or other vascular headache attacks not less than twice a month. Altogether 11 patients in the Papaverine group and 5 in the placebo group experienced a 75-100% reduction in attack frequency which was accompanied by lower intensity and shorter duration of attacks. www.migrainepage.com /dcforum/discussion/9233.html   (1462 words)

Interventional Neuroradiology ~ Treatment of Cerebral Vasospasm   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18) Typically, papaverine is infused as a concentration of 3 mg/ml at 6-9 ml/min for a total dose of up to 300 mg per vascular territory. The primary advantage of papaverine is its ability to treat distal spasm not safely approached with an angioplasty balloon. Balloon angioplasty and intra-arterial papaverine infusion are complimentary approaches to the treatment of cerebral vasospasm. neurosurgery.mgh.harvard.edu /Interventional/INRvsp.HTM   (1118 words)

Chemical Name: Papaverine (pa-pav-er-een)   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18) Papaverine is used in MS to treat erectile dysfunction. Papaverine should never be used as a sexual aid by men who are not impotent. Papaverine is available by prescription and should be used only as directed by your physician, who will instruct you in the proper way to give yourself an injection so that it is simple and essentially pain-free. home.twcny.rr.com /dewski/papaverine.htm   (304 words)

Inhibitory effect of papaverine on HIV replication in vitro. The most effective concentration of papaverine in the culture medium was 10 micrograms/ml, a dose that did not significantly affect cell proliferation. Evidence of the efficacy of papaverine treatment was enforced by the finding in the treated PBMC cultures, compared with the untreated ones, of a reduced percentage of cells forming syncitia and of the inhibition of the virus-induced decrease in the number of cells. When an equal number of virus-infected H9 cells exposed or unexposed to papaverine was analyzed for HIV-specific proteins, a marked decrease in the expression of the viral proteins was observed in the treated cultures. www.aegis.com /aidsline/1989/aug/M8980479.html   (559 words)

MedlinePlus Drug Information: Papaverine Papaverine is used to improve blood flow in patients with circulation problems. Papaverine controls high blood pressure but does not cure it. Papaverine is also used to treat impotence in men. www.nlm.nih.gov /medlineplus/druginfo/medmaster/a682707.html   (632 words)

Papaverine Blocks hKv1.5 Channel Current and Human Atrial Ultrarapid Delayed Rectifier K+ Currents -- Choe et al. 304 ... Huddart H, Langton PD, and Saad KH (1984) Inhibition by papaverine of calcium movements and tension in the smooth muscles of rat vas deferens and urinary bladder. Tashiro N and Tomita T (1970) The effects of papaverine on the electrical and mechanical activity of the guinea-pig taenia coli. Wilson RF and White CW (1986) Intracoronary papaverine: an ideal coronary vasodilator for studies of the coronary circulation in conscious humans. jpet.aspetjournals.org /cgi/content/full/304/2/706   (3610 words)

Papaverine Hydrochloride Advanced Consumer Drug Information Although papaverine has previously been classed as a “grandfather drug” and exempted from FDA's DESI classification, the Peripheral and Central Nervous System Drugs Advisory Committee of the FDA has concluded after studies and hearings that, in spite of its proven vasodilating effects, the medication has not been shown to be effective for its claimed indications. Appropriate studies on the relationship of age to the effects of papaverine have not been performed in the pediatric population. Treatment of acute poisoning consists of: Removal or delay of absorption of papaverine by administration of tap water, milk, or activated charcoal, and removal of stomach contents by gastric lavage or emesis, followed by catharsis; appropriate measures for treatment of coma or respiratory depression and maintenance of blood pressure; hemodialysis may be useful. www.drugs.com /MMX/Papaverine_Hydrochloride.html   (1282 words)

Interventional Neuroradiology ~ Papaverine Therapy for Vasospasm Conditions in the past that would have required surgical intervention such as aneurysms, vascular malformations, and tumors of the brain, spine, head and neck can be considered for treatment by using an endovascular approach to reach the lesion. Intra-arterial papaverine infusion has been shown to have angiographic efficacy in relieving spasm and is presumed to prevent new strokes among these patients. There were 5 complications related to papaverine therapy: 1 embolus resulting in a stroke and 4 dissections two of which contributed to the development of stroke. neurosurgery.mgh.harvard.edu /Interventional/INRpapav.htm   (466 words)

Papaverine, a vasodilator with antiviral activity   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18) Papaverine, a potent non-selective phosphodiesterase inhibitor, has shown itself to be effective in pulmonary arterial hypertension [2, 3]. Moreover, HIV replication is significantly inhibited by papaverine [5, 6], a finding consistent with the clinical observation that papaverine may improve immunological cutaneous responsiveness in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome [7]. Comparison of the anti-respiratory syncytial activity and toxicity of papaverine hydrochloride and pyrazofurin in vitro and in vivo. www.smw.ch /archive200x/2002/07/smw-09951.html   (472 words)

Papaverine (Systemic)   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18) It is not known whether papaverine passes into the breast milk. Although there is no specific information comparing use of papaverine in children with use in other age groups, this medicine is not expected to cause different side effects or problems in children than it does in adults. Papaverine may reduce tolerance to cold temperatures in elderly patients. allnutritionals.com /drugs/p/papaverine-systemic.shtml   (831 words)

Papaverine Hydrochloride   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18) The injectable form of papaverine has recently been approved to treat erectile dysfunction (impotence) in men. Papaverine causes dilation of blood vessels, improving blood flow to the tissues supplied by the affected vessels. Adequate studies on the use of oral papaverine during pregnancy have not been done; consult your doctor for advice. www.wholehealthmd.com /refshelf/drugs_view/1,1524,476,00.html   (632 words)

Interventional Neuroradiology ~ Endovascular Treatment of Cerebral Vasospasm Papaverine is an alkaloid compound and is a powerful vasodilator. Balloon angioplasty and intra-arterial papaverine infusion should be viewed as complimentary approaches to the treatment of cerebral vasospasm. Intraarterial papaverine infusion for cerebral vasospasm after subarachnoid hemorrhage. neurosurgery.mgh.harvard.edu /Interventional/INRspams.htm   (1248 words)

MedlinePlus Drug Information: Papaverine (Systemic)   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18) Breast-feeding—It is not known whether papaverine passes into the breast milk. Children—Although there is no specific information comparing use of papaverine in children with use in other age groups, this medicine is not expected to cause different side effects or problems in children than it does in adults. Other side effects may occur after papaverine is given by injection. www.cheap-xenical.com /Ca/202439.html   (776 words)

Phentolamine And Papaverine Drug Information When it is used in combination with papaverine (pa-PAV-er-een), another medicine that has this effect, and is injected into the penis (intracavernosal), it increases blood flow to the penis, which results in an erection. Although there is no specific information comparing the use of phentolamine and papaverine for impotence in the elderly, it is not expected to cause different side effects or problems in older people than it does in younger adults. Phentolamine and papaverine injected into the penis may cause tingling at the tip of the penis. www.drugs.com /cons/Phentolamine_and_Papaverine.html   (1226 words)

Papaverine (Intracavernosal)   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18) Papaverine should not be injected just under the skin. Use papaverine injection exactly as directed by your doctor. • Low doses of a three-drug combination of papaverine, phentolamine, and alprostadil as an injection may be used to treat erectile dysfunction. allnutritionals.com /drugs/p/papaverine-intracavernosal.shtml   (1171 words)

Effect of Intra-Arterial Papaverine on Regional Cerebral Blood Flow in Hemodynamically Relevant Cerebral Vasospasm -- ... Papaverine is known as one of the most potent nonspecific vasodilators Intraarterial papaverine as an adjunct to transluminal angioplasty for vasospasm induced by subarachnoid hemorrhage. Sustained release of papaverine for the treatment of cerebral vasospasm: in vitro evaluation of release kinetics and biological activity. stroke.ahajournals.org /cgi/content/full/32/2/498   (4192 words)

Papaverine If you have an allergy to papaverine or any other part of the medicine. This medicine is used for the treatment of poor blood flow to the brain and legs. Papaverine relaxes the walls of the blood vessels. mercydesmoines.org /ADAM/AlternativeMedicine/consdrugs/papaverinecd.asp   (368 words)

Open Directory - Health: Pharmacy: Drugs and Medications: P: Papaverine   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18) Lycaeum: Papaverine - Botanical information on this opium derivative, with links to photomicrograph and related substances. National MS Society: Papaverine - Information for patients about this vasodilator, which is used to treat erectile dysfunction in multiple sclerosis patients. Papaverine - Medline Plus - Brief summary for consumers in html format. dmoz.org /Health/Pharmacy/Drugs_and_Medications/P/Papaverine   (100 words)

Papaverine Dosage, Interactions, Side Effects, How to Use Direct spasmolytic effect on smooth muscle, possibly by inhibiting cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase, thus increasing levels of cyclic AMP. NOTE: Both acute and chronic poisoning may result from use of papaverine. May be increased to 150 mg q 8 hr or 300 mg q 12 hr in difficult cases. www.healthdigest.org /drugs/papaverine.html   (329 words)

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