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Topic: Papyri

	Elephantine papyri - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		They come from a Jewish community at Elephantine, the island in the Nile at the border of Nubia, which was probably founded as a military installation in about 650 BCE during Manasseh's reign to assist Pharaoh Psammetichus I in his Nubian campaign.
		The Elephantine documents include letters and legal contracts from family and other archives: divorce documents, the manumission of slaves, and other business, and are a valuable source of knowledge about law, society, religion, language and onomastics, the sometimes surprisingly revealing study of names.
		Further Elephantine papyri are at the Brooklyn Museum.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Elephantine_papyri (523 words)

	Papyrus - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Imported papyrus that was once commonplace in Greece and Italy has since deteriorated beyond repair, but papyri are still being found in Egypt; extraordinary examples include the Elephantine papyri and the famous finds at Oxyrhynchus and Nag Hammadi.
		The Villa of the Papyri at Herculaneum, containing the library of Lucius Calpurnius Piso Caesoninus, Julius Caesar's father-in-law, was preserved by the eruption of Mount Vesuvius, but has only been partially excavated.
		In the first centuries BC and AD Papyrus scrolls gained a rival as a writing surface in the form of parchment, which was prepared from animal skins.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Papyrus (978 words)

	Sariah in the Elephantine Papyri - FARMS JBMS
		The Elephantine Papyri were discovered at the beginning of the twentieth century (prior to 1903), far too late for Joseph Smith to have known of the female name Sariah in Papyrus C-22.
		Cowley, Aramaic Papyri of the Fifth Century B.C. Yahu Elaha is the Aramaic equivalent of Hebrew Yahuweh Elohim, which is traditionally rendered in English as "the Lord God" (KJV renders it "the LORD God," with "LORD" in all capitals representing the presence of the name Yahuweh in the Hebrew text).
		Cowley prefers "Ya'u the God" (Cowley, Aramaic Papyri of the Fifth Century B.C., xviii), but I believe this creates a false distinction between the deity worshipped in the land of Israel and the one worshipped at Elephantine—a distinction that did not in reality exist, since it was the same deity being worshipped in both cases.
	farms.byu.edu /display.php?table=jbms&id=40&previous=L3B1YmxpY2F0aW9ucy9ib29rb2Ztb3Jtb252aWV3LnBocA== (1451 words)

	Center for Hellenic Studies - Introduction to Previous Edition (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		In Roger Pack's 1965 list of literary papyri, out of 1,566 papyri of works by identifiable authors, 680 are Homeric, and although the number of literary papyri has increased since 1965, it is not likely that the ratio of Homeric to non-Homeric literary papyri has considerably changed.
		For the same reason, papyri for the Iliad greatly outnumber those for the Odyssey, and the extremely large number of papyrological texts of, and reader's aids for, Book I of the Iliad is doubtless to be explained in the same way: the frequency with which it was used in the schoolroom.
		Since many papyri do not employ iota adscript, or are inconsistent in its use, it would be otiose to note the very large number of occasions where iota adscript is omitted.
	www.chs.harvard.edu /publications.sec/homer_and_the_papyri.ssp/introduction.pg/introduction_to_previous.pg (1247 words)

	Book of Abraham Papyri prove Joseph Smith was a false prophet.
		The papyri were lost soon afterwards and thought to have been destroyed in a fire in Chicago in 1871.
		With the papyri rediscovered and Egyptian hieroglyphics decipherable since the late 1800's, it would then be an easy task of translating the papyri and proving once and for all that Joseph Smith was a prophet with the gift of "Seer" as he and the Mormon church have claimed.
		With the rediscovery of the papyri, not only were there the same drawings in the scrolls, but so was the text from which Joseph Smith made his translation.
	www.carm.org /lds/ldspapyri.htm (1505 words)

	CATALOGUE OF MYTHOGRAPHIC PAPYRI
		Here again the new evidence from the papyri has not yet been fully exploited, although these papyri offer, by their very variety as to contents and date, a representative sample of fragments ranging from learned Hellenistic commentaries to simple school exercises or abridged mythological compendia from the Roman period.
		She concludes that most mythographic papyri were written by professional scribes and not destined for school use, although they may of course have been consulted by teachers.
		The basis of such a synthetic study, however, should be the catalogue of all papyri with mythographic contents: therefore, the realization of such a catalogue is the first objective of our project, whereas a critical edition with translation and line-by-line commentary of a selection of mythographic papyrus fragments is planned for a later phase.
	perswww.kuleuven.be /~u0013314/mythog.htm (1288 words)

	The Arabic Papyri
		The use of papyrus was taken over by Arab Muslims when they conquered Egypt in the 7th century CE, and it continued as the main writing material of the country until the 10th century when paper started to become more common.
		The discipline of Arabic papyrology was given a sound foundation by a series of careful and masterly studies of selected papyri documents from the Erzherzog Rainer Collection by Josef v.
		The Arabic Papyri is perhaps one of the most obscure fields of Arabic palaeography and hopefully the material below would help understand the field of Arabic palaeography.
	www.islamic-awareness.org /History/Islam/Papyri (2363 words)

	HISTORY OF DUKE PAPYRI ARCHIVE
		The last major purchase of papyri was made in 1988 and the body of mostly unexplored materials had grown substantially in the preceding twenty years.
		When the papyri are substantial the size of the image files can be quite large, but never too large to handle.
		This greatly enhances the appeal of the papyri to those interested in ancient Egypt (the Hieratic and the Demotic papyri), in early Christianity (the Coptic papyri) and early Islam (the Arabic papyri).
	www.unc.edu /~mgouge/portfolio/dukepapyrusproject/history.shtml (3496 words)

	Scientific dating Elephantine Papyri, solar eclipse, biblical events
		Seven of the eleven papyri cannot be construed to arrive at a wrong answer due to mathematics.
		Since the previous section presented papyri that are not subject to human interpretation, their scientific dates should take precedence over papyri that are subject to human interpretation.
		The analysis of the four remaining papyri written during Artaxerxes' reign show that the Scribe used three different calendars: One papyrus is based on the Hebrew calendar.
	www.harvardhouse.com /prophetictech/new/elephantine.htm (7462 words)

	Philodemus Project Home Page
		Apparently, the Villa of the Papyri contained an extensive library, a significant part of which was formed by a library of Epicurean texts, some of which were present in more than one copy.
		Some papyri were found in such a box near the entrance to the long peristyle of the Villa's garden.
		Wooden shelves holding papyri were found in one of the rooms just inside the entrance to the Villa from the long peristyle.
	www.humnet.ucla.edu /humnet/classics/philodemus/philhome.htm (872 words)

	The Heqanakht Papyri
		After a brief review of the background of the Heqanakht papyri attention is turned to the main economic features of the papyri as revealed in Allen's translations (in Part I "The Texts") and his Chapter 8 "Economics" (in Part II "Commentary").
		Background of the Heqanakht Papyri The Heqanakht papyri, part of the permanent collection of the Metropolitan Museum of Art, are currently on display in its Egyptian galleries.
		The papyri were discovered on the Museum's Theban expedition of 1921-22 in the tomb of one Meseh.
	eh.net /bookreviews/library/0868.shtml (2371 words)

	Crucifixion Year, Elephantine Papyri
		If the year 32 AD is correct, then it means that most people have made unacceptable assumptions about the position of the sun, the moon, and the earth in the year that Jesus died on the cross.
		Eleven Elephantine papyri are scientifically dated during the reign of King Artaxerxes and the papyrus dated November 18, 446 BC supports that the edict occurred on Sunday, March 16, 445 BC.
		I find it remarkable that the Elephantine papyri have been preserved that permit people living in the 20th and 21st centuries to scientifically date these 2500 year old documents.
	www.harvardhouse.com /prophetictech/new/crucifixion_year.htm (2461 words)

	History of the Tebtunis Papyri
		This history centers around three locations: Tebtunis, where the papyri were found; Oxford, where the publication of part of the collection was undertaken; and Berkeley, the present home of the collection.
		The publication of a third group of papyri, material found in the cartonnage of human mummies, eventually appeared in two parts, in 1933 and 1938.
		In the late seventies, then, the situation with regard to the Tebtunis papyri was as follows: About 1600 of the mounted and catalogued papyri were still in their Vinylite mounts; the remainder of them had been remounted in glass.
	tebtunis.berkeley.edu /collection/history.html (1346 words)

	Ancient Near East .net - the Elephantine Papyri
		The Elephantine Papyri is the collective name commonly given to several archives of documents belonging to members of a Jewish garrison community which inhabited the island of Elephantine (ancient Yeb), near Aswan in Egypt, between 495 and 399 BCE.
		The first modern indications as to the existence of this community were revealed in papyri bought by Giovanni Belzoni.
		The papyri are written in Aramaic, the lingua franca of the 5th - 4th centuries BCE Persian (Achaemenid) Empire, of which Egypt and Palestine were both a part.
	www.ancientneareast.net /elephantine_papyri.html (575 words)

	The Journal of Juristic Papyrology
		New papyri and ostraca added to the set were found during Polish-French excavations in Edfou just before the outbreak of Second World War.
		We can imagine, however (as most of the objects are still preserved in their original glasses) that the papyri (or rather their containers) were traded for food and other supplies by the Soviet soldiers guarding the trains.
		In preparing the pictures of the papyri we decided to use the traditional method, as in 1999 digital cameras either did not comply with the desired requirements or were beyond our financial means.
	www.papyrology.uw.edu.pl /papyrology/papyri/papyri1.html (854 words)

	Graeco-Roman Marriage Papyri
		Comparisons with Jewish marriage and divorce papyri show that the lifestyle and morals which he wishes the Corinthians to adopt are based mainly on the Jewish interpretation of the Old Testament.
		This is illustrated from both Greek Jewish papyri, which show a Judaism thoroughly embedded in the Graeco-Roman world, and Aramaic papyri, which use concepts very closely aligned to Paul’s.
		The only facet which is not paralleled by the papyri is Paul’s combination of equality and security of both men and women in marriage.
	www.tyndale.cam.ac.uk /Brewer/MarriagePapyri/1Cor_7b.htm (4988 words)

	A D E S C R I P T I V E I N V E N T O R Y
		The Garrett Deposit papyri were donated to the Library along with the rest of his vast manuscript collections in 1942.
		It should be mentioned that in addition to papyri donated to the Princeton University Library by John Hinsdale Scheide in the 1930s, others became part of the private collections of the Scheide Library, most notably 21 leaves of the Book of Ezekiel from a papyrus codex of the Old Testament, and a Coptic parchment codex.
		Previously unidentified and uncataloged papyri in other languages were identified by specialists retained with APIS Project funding: Arabic papyri by Professor Gladys Frantz-Murphy, Regis University; Coptic papyri and early parchment fragments by Todd Hickey, University of Chicago; and Hieratic and Hieroglyphic papyri by Professor Leonard H. Lesko, Brown University.
	libweb.princeton.edu /libraries/firestone/rbsc/aids/papyri/papyri2005.htm (3887 words)

	Center for Hellenic Studies - Homer and the Papyri (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		Homer and the Papyri, first created by Professor Dana Sutton of the University of California, Irvine, is here published in a second electronic edition.
		As of July, 2003, new papyri published since 1998 and the variants contained in them are being added to the database.
		Searching and generating lists of papyrus witnesses: Lists of Homeric papyri (regardless of whether or not they contain variants) can be generated by the database for the Iliad and Odyssey by simply choosing the title and selecting the "search witnesses" button.
	www.chs.harvard.edu /publications.sec/homer_and_the_papyri.ssp (406 words)

	Tebtunis Papyri/APIS Project
		The Tebtunis Papyri consist of the papyrus documents that were found in the winter of 1899/1900 at the site of ancient Tebtunis, Egypt.
		The expedition to Tebtunis, led by the British archaeologists Bernard Grenfell and Arthur Hunt, was financed for the University of California by Mrs.
		The Tebtunis Papyri are the largest collection of papyrus documents from a single site in the United States.
	bancroft.berkeley.edu /collections/apis.html (155 words)

	Book of Abraham papyri - FairWiki.org
		The surviving Egyptian papyri appear to be the source for the Book of Abraham, but Egyptologists agree that these papyri are part of a collection of Egyptian funerary documents known as the Book of Breathings and do not deal with Abraham.
		We are told that papyri were in beautiful condition when Joseph Smith got them, and that one of them when unrolled on the floor extended through two rooms of the Mansion House.
		Examination of the extant papyri fragments reveals that portions of Facsimile 1 (the only facsimile that survived) are damaged.
	fairwiki.org /index.php/Book_of_Abraham_papyri (2728 words)

	Solving the Mystery of The Joseph Smith Papyri, Salt Lake City Messenger, September 1992, Mormon History, Jerald and ...
		Evidence seems to indicate that there were originally no plans for any pictures of the papyri to appear in the Feb. 1968 issue of the Improvement Era and that the publication of the photographs of the papyri were inserted at the last minute in a hasty and peculiar manner.
		It is interesting to note that even though the original Joseph Smith Papyri had been found, leaders of the Mormon Church seemed to have had no desire to produce a translation of the papyri for their people.
		The rediscovery of the Joseph Smith Papyri shows that the head was missing on the original papyrus, and it is clear that Joseph Smith made an imaginative restoration which is incorrect.
	nowscape.com /mormon/papyrus/by_his_own_hand.htm (11379 words)

	By His Own Hand Upon Papyrus - Part 1
		The rediscovery of these ''Joseph Smith Papyri,'' as they have come to be known, sent scholars rushing in all directions to explore the meaning and full implications of these texts.
		The small ASSORTMENT OF brittle, faded papyri that Joseph had acquired strengthened his reputation as a prophet and translator at a time when such support was greatly needed; but the little work now known as the Book of Abraham was to have an even more far reaching effect upon the Church.
		This same incident was described in the papyri when Joseph began translating the second time, but with a significant change: according to the papyri version of the narrative it had actually been the Lord himself who had instructed Abraham to tell the Egyptians that Sarai was his sister (Abraham 2:22-25).
	www.irr.org /mit/Books/BHOH/bhoh1.html (7527 words)

	The Contents of The Tebtunis Papyri
		These demotic and bilingual papyri probably originally belonged to the priests of the crocodile god Soknebtunis, who mummified the crocodiles, and who used their own waste papyri in the mummification process, as well as papyri belonging to other people, such as Menches, the village scribe of Kerkeosiris.
		A substantial portion of the papyri from the town concern the priests of Soknebtunis.
		It would seem that once again, as in the case of the papyri from the crocodile mummies, we have the remains of an official archive.
	ist-socrates.berkeley.edu /~tebtunis/collection/contents.html (1553 words)

	The Elephantine papyri
		My first source for the papyri mentioned is A. Cowley, 1967, possessing an extended list of bibliography, albeit somewhat old-fashioned.
		Against the end of the 19th century, as I have the impression, the papyri mentioned were found at Elephantine.
		It is to be understood that the papers caused great sensation in religious circles, but the same holds good that the facts had been dispatched with the supposition that it concerned Jews having lost their fathers religion.
	ourworld.compuserve.com /homepages/cplawassist/paper/17501.html (635 words)

	Introduction to PPenn
		Possibly this was because those papyri were mostly Greek, and Reich's specialty was Demotic; it is also possible that tensions between Reich and Dropsie's librarian Joseph Reider, who held the keys to the papyri and himself worked with Greek materials, may have been a factor.
		Reich himself was offered three small clumps of papyri cartonnage by a dealer in 1928, which he purchased for $22 and presumably left to the Dropsie collection when he died in 1943.
		Almost all of the papyri that had been mounted on Japanese paper had to be unmounted -- a rather delicate and time consuming task, but a rewarding one as well.
	ccat.sas.upenn.edu /rs/rak/ppennint.html (1635 words)

	NT Papyri & Codices
		They are from both codices and scrolls; most are papyri, but three are on parchment (Pap.
		These papyri framents were discovered in and around Oxyrhynchus (modern Behnesa), Egypt, located about 125 miles south of Cairo.
		Papyri from this site are not in one location, but are owned by a variety of libraries, universities, and museums.
	www.kchanson.com /ANCDOCS/greek/papyri.html (533 words)

	The Tanner's Arguments Against the Joseph Smith Papyri Are Goofy
		The Tanners complain that Nibley didn't translate the papyri in these articles, but that is not what he stated he was doing in this article.
		The Tanners then demonstrate the way the Mormons treated these papyri written by Abraham himself.10 The worth, would of course, be more than millions as they note.
		Had they actually felt that this was literally Abraham's autograph, the Mormons obviously would have kept it under lock and key and not passed it around to show every one keeping the thing in the open air.
	www2.ida.net /graphics/shirtail/tanners.htm (2312 words)

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