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Topic: Paraguayan War

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	War of the Triple Alliance - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		War of the Triple Alliance, also known as the Paraguayan War, in 1864-1870, was the bloodiest conflict in Latin American history, fought between Paraguay and the allied countries of Argentina, Brazil, and Uruguay.
		During the war the Paraguayans suffered not only from the enemy but also from malnutrition, disease, and the domination of López, who tortured and killed countless people.
		The war still remains a controversial topic especially in Paraguay where it is considered either a fearless struggle for the rights of smaller nations against the aggressions of more powerful neighbours, or a foolish attempt to fight unwinnable war that almost destroyed a whole nation.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/War_of_the_Triple_Alliance (784 words)

	Argentina Brazil Uruguay Paraguay War 1864-1870
		Paraguayan War also called WAR OF THE TRIPLE ALLIANCE, Spanish GUERRA DE LA TRIPLE ALIANZA, Portuguese GUERRA DA TRÍPLICE ALIANÇA (1864/65-70), the bloodiest conflict in Latin-American history, fought between Paraguay and the allied countries of Argentina, Brazil, and Uruguay.
		In February Brazilian armoured vessels broke through Paraguayan defenses at the river fortress of Humaitá, near the confluence of the Paraná and Paraguay rivers, and pressed on to bombard Asunción, the capital.
		In the Campaign of Lomas Valentinas in December, the Paraguayan army was annihilated.
	www.onwar.com /aced/data/tango/triple1864.htm (660 words)

	Alternatiwa. The War of the Triple Alliance
		The war was a conflict that pitted the Argentine Confederation, the Republic of Uruguay and The Brazilian Empire against the Republic of Paraguay.
		Paraguayan small forces were dispersed by the 1st Division and on the 11th the division reached the vicinity of Peribibuy.
		Paraguayans were forced into the colonial militia to serve extended tours of duty away from their homes, contributing to a severe labor shortage.
	zhurnal.lib.ru /a/alt/para.shtml (18006 words)

	chaco war
		The land is divided into two regions: to the West of the River Paraguay, the land is flat and marked by scrub, woodlands and forests; to the East of the River Paraguay, savanna grass, brush, and forests are mostly found with grasslands suitable for raising cattle.
		Paraguayans did identify with their homeland and felt a sense of national pride and unity at the time of the Chaco War, causing them to defend their homeland.
		As Paraguay was attempting to adequately arm itself, a Bolivian force stromed the Paraguayan fort at Vangaurdia on June 15, 1932 and the war began.
	www.casahistoria.net /chacowar.htm (1475 words)

	Fiat CR.20 fighters in Paraguayan service
		The Gran Chaco war was fought between Bolivia and Paraguay between 1932 and 1935.
		It is therefore possible that the Paraguayans who were always strapped for funds got a good deal on "low time" ex Regia Aeronautica machines or perhaps the Paraguayan machines were simply part of the last batch to be manufactured and that their price had dropped due to their obsolescence.
		The Paraguayan air force serial numbers were not painted on the aircraft while the Fiat factory serial numbers were either not over painted when the aluminum dope was applied or they were repainted under the horizontal tail surfaces in thick white letters.
	www.brushfirewars.org /aircraft/cr20bis_paraguayan/cr20bis_paraguayan.htm (2650 words)

	Paraguayan Civil War - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Paraguayan Civil War was a conflict in Paraguay that lasted from March to August 1947.
		The Febreristas made common cause with the Liberal Party and the Paraguayan Communist Party.
		Rafael Franco led a rebellion which became a civil war as the Paraguayan Army, which had previously remained loyal, split, with almost all the navy and sections of the army joining the rebels.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Paraguayan_Civil_War (187 words)

	The War of the Triple Alliance (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Paraguay was in no sense prepared for a major war, let alone a war of the scope that Solano López had unleashed.
		Apart from some Paraguayan victories on the northern front, the war was a disaster for Solano López.
		The defensive nature of the war, combined with Paraguayan tenacity and ingenuity and the difficulty that Brazilians and Argentinians had cooperating with each other, rendered the conflict a war of attrition.
	www.terere.com /terere/canales/paraguay4u/historyofparaguay/chapter11.php (1035 words)

	Paraguay - Morínigo and World War II
		The outbreak of World War II eased Morínigo's task of ruling Paraguay and keeping the army happy because it stimulated demand for Paraguayan export products--such as meat, hides, and cotton-- and boosted the country's export earnings.
		While the United States defined its interests in terms of resisting the fascist threat, Paraguayan officials believed their interests lay in economic expediency and were reluctant to antagonize Germany until the outcome of the war was no longer in doubt.
		The Chaco War had sparked the February revolution, which, in turn, sounded the death knell of the Liberal state and ushered in a revival of Paraguayan nationalism along with a reverence for the dictatorial past.
	countrystudies.us /paraguay/16.htm (1232 words)

	WAR OF THE TRIPLE ALLIANCE FACTS AND INFORMATION (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		The dictator of Paraguay, Francisco_Solano_LÃ³pez, had supported the Blanco Party and believing that the regional balance of power was threatened, went to war with Brazil, invading the Brazilian province of Mato_Grosso.
		Paraguayan forces advanced northward and southward into the provinces of Mato_Grosso and Rio_Grande_do_Sul.
		Argentina and Brazil annexed about 140,000 kmÂ² (55,000 square miles) of Paraguayan territory: Argentina took much of the Misiones region and part of the Chaco between the Bermejo and Pilcomayo rivers; Brazil enlarged its Mato_Grosso province from annexed territory by claiming for itself territories that had been disputed with Paraguay before the war.
	www.amysflowershop.com /War_of_the_Triple_Alliance (722 words)

	Bolivia - The Chaco War (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		The origin of the war was a border dispute between Bolivia and Paraguay over the Chaco.
		The Bolivians were defeated in all major battles, and by the end of 1934 they had been driven back 482 kilometers from their original positions deep in the Chaco to the foothills of the Andes.
		The humiliating disaster of the Chaco War had a profound impact in Bolivia, where it was seen as dividing the history of the twentieth century "like a knife." The traditional oligarchy was discredited because of its inept civilian and military leadership in the war.
	countrystudies.us /bolivia/15.htm (604 words)

	Encyclopedia: War of the Triple Alliance
		Mato Grosso is one of the states of Brazil, located in the western part of the country.
		Allied assaults on the Paraguayan outerworks at Curupayty in September 1866, however, were turned back with heavy losses, resulting in a year-long allied campaign to drive a road through the chaco wilderness in order to bypass HumaitÃ¡.
		Misiones is one of the 23 provinces of Argentina, located in the northeastern corner of the country in the Mesopotamia region.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/War-of-the-Triple-Alliance (1482 words)

	parag (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		The Paraguayan War was prosecuted by the UK following the opening of a large steel plant in the country which Britain preceived as a threat to exports.
		Many Paraguayan roads are constructed from natural stone quarried from a region to the north of Asuncion.
		This is the town of Itaipu on the Paraguayan side of the Paraguay/Brazil border.
	www.john-knapton.com /para.html (433 words)

	Paraguayan War Books and Articles - Research Paraguayan War at Questia Online Library
		Life in Montevideo was not all...was a discussion of the science of war, an argument for the superiority...the...
		The Paraguayan War, 1865-70 172...Cabildo instituted a war-chest to provide a...tobacco and yerba mate Paraguayan tea --secured safe...to serve against the...
		On the heels of its victory in the war against Mexico in 1848 and the...
	www.questia.com /library/history/south-american-history/paraguayan-war.jsp (484 words)

	National Historical Museum
		Work of sculptor Francisco Manoel Chaves Pineiro, it was molded in gypsum in 1886 to commemorate the surrender in Uruguaiana in September 18, 1865, during the Paraguayan war, the sculpture was never casted in bronze.
		In 1882, the statue was transferred by the Imperial Academy of Fine Arts to the Asylum of the Nation's Invalids, to be exposed in the "Trofee Room of the Paraguayan War", were the Military Museum was located.
		It was Gustavo Barroso, founder of the National Historical Museum that brought back, in 1922, the work of Chaves Pinheiro to place it the hall dedicated to the Paraguayan war.
	www.museuhistoriconacional.com.br /ingles/mh-e-113x.htm (376 words)

	Paraguay, country, South America. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001-05 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		His son, Francisco Solano López, succeeded him and brought on disaster by involving Paraguay in war with Brazil, Argentina, and Uruguay (1865–70; see Triple Alliance, War of the).
		Recovery from the catastrophic war was slow, and the desperate state of the economy was matched by political confusion, as warring caudillos established short-lived dictatorships.
		Signs of recovery from the Chaco War appeared in improvements in education, public health, and roads, but the oppressive dictatorship of Morínigo was challenged by numerous uprisings.
	www.bartleby.com /65/pa/Paraguay.html (1748 words)

	ELIZA ALICIA LYNCH
		And she writes, for example, that the Paraguayan tricolor was created by Lopez in a pathetic imitation of France—though the flag dates to 1811, 15 years before Lopez was born.
		Her account of the war, which takes up the bulk of her narrative, is painstakingly realised and brilliantly dramatised.
		Eliza sailed to Paraguay, bore López five children (although he never married her) and was widely considered to have encouraged him into the War of Triple Alliance (1864-70) in which Paraguay lost most of its male population and a chunk of its national territory to Brazil, Argentina and Uruguay.
	www.arlindo-correia.com /020903.html (3950 words)

	EIAL XII2
		In spite of Brazil's victory, the public continued to hold the impression that the army was a disreputable and dishonorable institution.
		From the military revolts of the 1920s to the army's participation in World War II through a military force deployed to Italy, lower-ranking officers developed a decided stake in issues of development, political reform, and the future of the nation.
		Beattie has uncovered a marvelous array of sources to shape his story, ranging from political cartoons and parliamentary debates to a voluminous assortment of army documents, and his meticulous research should be unconditionally lauded.
	www.tau.ac.il /eial/XIII_2/green.html (1085 words)

	When the System Crashes
		A general war of attrition using Germany as the battleground.
		Paraguayan War or War of the Triple Alliance, 1865-1870
		1865-1869 Lengthy siege of southern Paraguayan forts and war of attrition.
	www.uwgb.edu /dutchs/WestTech/syscrash.htm (1368 words)

	The Gran Chaco War, 1928-1935
		Paraguayan settlers had long since brought cattle to the region and had established a tannin industry based on the quebracho.
		Later in the war, when Paraguay's funds were exhausted, she relied almost entirely on capturing this fresh Bolivian materiel for her own needs.
		The French-built Paraguayan airplanes were camouflaged dark green overall, reportedly in a shade close to FS34079.
	worldatwar.net /chandelle/v1/v1n3/chaco.html (4349 words)

	1stSchleswig (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Also known as the War of the Triple Alliance, the GPW was the largest and most destructive war ever fought in South America.
		The Paraguayans halted at Humaita, and a series of bloody battles between 1866 and 1868 led to eventual annihilation of the Paraguayuan army.
		The Paraguayans were fanatically devoted to their President, Lopez: their troops would often stand to be slaughtered rather than run away.
	sirgarnet.com /GreatParaguayan.html (192 words)

	The Paraguayan War Causes and Early Conduct Studies in War Society and the Military Series
		The Paraguayan War (sometimes called the War of the triple Alliance or the Lopez War)frequently appears as a line or two at most in military histories and is immediately dismissed as not worthy of note.
		The story is placed in context with a thorough exploration of the politics of the Plata in the decades leading up to the war; politics which can be most generously be described as "byzantine".
		The early conduct of the war is also both described and dispassionatly analyzed.
	www.hallamericanhistory.com /store/books_0803247869_The-Paraguayan-War-Causes-and-Early-Conduct-Studies-in-War-Society-and-the-Military-Series.html (429 words)

	Table of contents for Library of Congress control number 2004007730 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Economy and Manpower: Paraguay at War, 1864-69 000 Jerry W. Cooney 3.
		Uruguay and the Paraguayan War: The Military Dimension 000 Juan Manuel Casal 8.
		Federalism and Opposition to the Paraguayan War in the Argentine Interior: La Rioja, 1865-67 000 Ariel de la Fuente 9.
	www.loc.gov /catdir/toc/ecip0416/2004007730.html (268 words)

	Introductory Text (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		This war pitted the Paraguayan army, then the continent's largest, against the combined forces of Argentina, Uruguay, and Brazil.
		According to Paragayan art historian Josefina Pla, these works are the "peoples' diary of war," coming directly from the trenches, offering "the smile stolen from death each day." The vigor and directness of the subject matter of these works often coordinates nicely with the energy of the gouged line.
		These were restruck by Paraguayan artists at the Centro de Artes Visuales in 1986 and offered in a limited edition.
	www.grabados.org /paraguay/text.htm (196 words)

	Paraguayan Civil War - Open Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		The Paraguayan Civil War was a conflict in Paraguay from March to August 1947.
		In 1940, President Higinio Morinigo suspended the constitution and banned political parties.
		Morinigo, supported by the Colorado Party, including Alfredo Stroessner, fought back and eventually gained the upper hand, having almost complete control of the country by August 1947.
	www.open-encyclopedia.com /Paraguayan_Civil_War (157 words)

	I Die With My Country Perspectives on the Paraguayan War 1864 1870 Studies in War Society and the Military Series (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		The Paraguayan War, or War of the Triple Alliance,is little known in the US, although it was as much a transforming experience in Southern South America as the Civil War was for the Untied States (and comparatively much bloodier).
		The latter proves the universality of the military experience as his complaints about everything from the foolishness of the high command to his living accomodations would be familiar to any soldier from the Hadrian's Wall to Da Nang.
		This is not a book for someone discovering the Paraguayan War for the first time, for that one should read "To the Bitter End", by Chris Leuchars or "The Paraguayan War" by Thomas Whigham.
	www.hallamericanhistory.com /store/books_0803227620_I-Die-With-My-Country-Perspectives-on-the-Paraguayan-War-1864-1870-Studies-in-War-Society-and-the-Military-Series.html (280 words)

	Civilization Fanatics' Forums - Provolution "Forgotten Wars Series" THE CHACO WAR (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		I thank you all for the compliments, and the plan is to present one major forgotten war from each continent until the series is complete, with an analysis.
		In the Chaco war, the Bolivian side standing to gain most from attrition, lost due to their own decision to pursue a war favoring their own doctrinal thinking.
		For the Chaco war, the technology applied by the Bolivians was indeed supreme, but they lacked application of the technoogy, as they ignored excellent air recon, and strafed fortified strongpoints with light machineguns, but not vulnerable roadlaying units or logistical units locked in difficult terrain.
	www.eqforge.com /printthread.php?t=105612 (10327 words)

	The Historian: The Paraguayan War. Volume I. Causes and Early ... @ HighBeam Research (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		In Paraguay itself, the destructiveness of the war surpassed the extremes of the region's greatest cataclysms such as the wars of independence of 1808-1825 and the Mexican Revolution of 1910-1924.
		This account of the Paraguayan War is the longest and fullest ever written, and it is destined to remain a standard text for decades.
		In volume 1, Whigham carries the story of the war into late 1865, which marked the Paraguayan invasion of Corrientes and the upper Rio Uruguay region and the repulse of the invasion as the Paraguayans retreated north into their stronghold at Humaita.
	highbeam.com /library/doc0.asp?docid=1G1:135425182&refid=ink_tptd_mag (564 words)

	Delenda Paraguay: The British Lords Decide to Destroy Our Last, Best Hope - Alexandre Cruz Almeida (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Thanks to the valiant efforts of a handful of Marxist historians, it's now public knowledge that the Paraguayan War, the bloodiest conflict in Latin American History, was fully instigated and backed by the British.
		Paraguayan Armies will be marching through Piccadilly, their battleships will be sailing up the Thames and we'll be forced to adopt their disgusting eating habits."
		The sum of happiness of individual Paraguayans is greater than the sum of happiness of everyone else in the planet combined.
	www.sobresites.com /alexandrecruzalmeida/paraguai/parlamento.htm (2229 words)

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