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Parainfluenza, Parainfluenza Viruses Parainfluenza viruses multiply readily in primary monolayer tissue cultures of rhesus or cynomolgus monkey cells. Parainfluenza viruses produce disease throughout the year, but peak prevalence rates occur during wintertime outbreaks of respiratory tract infections, especially croup, in children throughout the temperate zones of the northern and southern hemispheres. Parainfluenza 1 and 2 are particularly prone to produce croup whilst parainfluenza 3 is prone to produce bronchiolitis and pneumonia. virology-online.com /viruses/Parainfluenza.htm   (1631 words)

Pathogenesis of Parainfluenza Viruses Infection, Pathogenesis of Parainfluenza Viruses Pathogenesis of Parainfluenza Viruses Infection, Pathogenesis of Parainfluenza Viruses Parainfluenza viruses are found uncommonly in association with other respiratory tract infections in children such as tracheobronchitis, bronchiolitis and bronchopneumonia. Parainfluenza virus infections in adults are relatively uncommon, and symptoms are usually less severe in adults than children. virology-online.com /viruses/Parainfluenza3.htm   (1120 words)

Mumps Parainfluenza virus infection was also documented by giant cell formation and immunohistochemistry in the pancreas (in 3 of 6 patients) and the kidney or bladder (in 2 of 4 patients). Parainfluenza virus infection was serious in patients with congenital immunodeficiencies, contributing directly to death in 5 of the 6 patients studied. Parainfluenza viruses are major pathogens causing respiratory illness, manifesting from mild upper respiratory tract infection to bronchiolitis and pneumonia. www.thedoctorsdoctor.com /diseases/MUMPS.HTM   (1229 words)

Medmicro Chapter 59 Parainfluenza viruses cause approximately 30 to 40 percent of all acute respiratory infections in infants and children. Parainfluenza viruses attach to the host cell by the hemagglutinin, which binds to the host cell neuraminic acid receptor, and then penetrate the cell by fusion with the cell membrane mediated by the F1 and F2 glycopeptides. Parainfluenza virus infections, particularly with type 3 virus, cause a rise of mumps antibody titers, contributing to the lifelong stability of the mumps antibody. gsbs.utmb.edu /microbook/ch059.htm   (7406 words)

MediZine Healthy Living   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14) There are four types of Parainfluenza virus, all of which can cause upper respiratory infections or lower respiratory infections (pneumonia) in adults and children. The exact number of cases of parainfluenza is unknown but suspected to be very high. Sometimes the viruses cause only a runny nose and other symptoms that may be diagnosed as a simple cold rather than parainfluenza. www.medizine.com /encyclopedia/Ency.aspx?qu=001370.htm   (312 words)

New Page 1 Parainfluenza viruses belong to the Paramyxovidridae viral family and they have a medium-sized virion particlea, are enveloped, nonsegmented, and their genome is composed of a negative-strand RNA. This serotype of parainfluenza belongs to the genus Rubulavirus. Parainfluenza 2 was recognized by its cytopathic effects, which were seen in infected tissue culture and the virus was isolated from infants and children with lower respiratory tract disease. www.stanford.edu /group/virus/pox/2000/ParaInf2.html   (451 words)

► Parainfluenza A group of viruses belonging to the Parainfluenza virus that cause upper and lower respiratory infections. There are four serotypes of Parainfluenza virus, all of which are associated with causing disease. Parainfluenza can cause upper respiratory infections and lower respiratory tract infections (pneumonia) in both adults and children. www.umm.edu /ency/article/001370.htm   (228 words)

Patent 6,811,784 Recombinant parainfluenza virus cDNA and RNA is described which may be used with expression plasmids and/or helper virus to express heterologous gene products in appropriate host cells and/or to rescue the heterologous gene in virus particles. The minimum subset of parainfluenza virus proteins needed for specific replication and expression of the virus are the three proteins, L, P, and N or NP, which can be expressed from plasmids by a vaccinia virus T7 or other system. Thus, the invention encompasses recombinant parainfluenza vectors and viruses which are engineered to encode genes from different species or strains of the parainfluenza virus as well as foreign antigens from pathogens, tumors, allergens, and auto antigens involved in autoimmune disorders. www.pharmcast.com /Patents100/Yr2004/Nov2004/110204/6811784_Parainfluenza110204.htm   (6412 words)

Respiratory Viral Screen and Identification DFA Kit, ~250 tests (10mL), ~50 tests (7x2 mL) For the detection of ...   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14) The Light Diagnostics Respiratory DFA Viral Screening and Identification Kit is intended for in vitro diagnostic use in screening of the presence of influenza A, influenza B, adenovirus, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), the qualitative detection and identification of adenovirus, influenza A, influenza B, and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) in direct specimens and/or cell culture. Parainfluenza types 1 and 2 are major causes of laryngotracheobronchitis (croup). Parainfluenza type 3 infection can lead to croup but, most notably, type 3 is second only to RSV as a cause of infant bronchiolitis and pneumonia (33,34). www.apoptag.com /Product/ProductDataSheet.asp?ProductItem=3137   (2243 words)

Parainfluenza-Respiratory Syncytial-Adenovirus Parainfluenza viruses are important viral pathogens causing upper and lower respiratory infections in adults and children Parainfluenza viruses are relatively large viruses of about 150-300 nm in diameter. Parainfluenza viruses are sensitive to detergents and heat but can remain viable on surfaces for up to 10 hours. pathmicro.med.sc.edu /virol/para-rsv-aden.htm   (2182 words)

Detection and Identification of Human Parainfluenza Viruses 1, 2, 3, and 4 in Clinical Samples of Pediatric Patients by ... Detection of respiratory syncytial virus, parainfluenzavirus 3, adenovirus and rhinovirus sequences in respiratory tract of infants by polymerase chain reaction and hybridization. Parainfluenza virus type 3: seasonality and risk of infection and reinfection in young children. Sequence analysis of the phosphoprotein (P) genes of human parainfluenza type 4A and 4B viruses and RNA editing at transcript of the P genes: the number of G residues added is imprecise. jcm.asm.org /cgi/content/full/38/3/1191   (3378 words)

Parainfluenza 1, 2, and 3 DFA, ~50 tests : 3120 Light Diagnostics Parainfluenza 1, 2, and 3 DFA is intended for the detection and identification of parainfluenza 1, parainfluenza 2, and parainfluenza 3 in infected cells. Parainfluenza viruses belong to the genus Paramyxovirus of the family Paramyxoviridae. Along with RSV, parainfluenza viruses represent the most significant upper respiratory pathogens in infants and young chil-dren, but in older children and adults may be asymptomatic or mimic the common cold (1-3,5,16). www.chemicon.com /Product/ProductDatasheet.asp?ProductItem=3120   (1103 words)

Parainfluenza virus infections after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: risk factors, response to antiviral ... Parainfluenza URI was defined as the isolation of PIV from NPT by culture or evidence of parainfluenza antigen by DFA in conjunction of parainfluenza LRI and the prevalence of pulmonary copathogens Parainfluenza virus type 3 infections in hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients: response to ribavirin therapy. www.bloodjournal.org /cgi/content/full/98/3/573   (3800 words)

Northwestern Memorial Hospital - Exceptional Care in the Heart of Chicago Avoiding crowds to limit exposure during peak outbreaks may decrease the likelihood of infection. Parainfluenza infections are most severe in infants and become less severe with age. Limiting exposure, such as occurs in day-care centers and full nurseries, may delay infection until the child is older. www.nmh.org /nmh/adam/adamencyclopedia/HIEArticles/001370.htm   (447 words)

Nat' Academies Press, New Vaccine Development: Establishing Priorities; Volume II, Diseases of Importance in Developing ...   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14) The parainfluenza viruses reinfect frequently during childhood, but the diseases associated with reinfections are generally milder than those caused by initial infections. The disease burden estimates for parainfluenza virus infection are shown in Table D-9.1, and their derivations are described in Appendix B. SUITABILITY FOR VACCINE CONTROL Diseases caused by parainfluenza viruses types 1 and 2 occur predominantly after 6 months of age in the United States, so an opportunity exists to deliver the vaccine prior to the peak of illness, assuming the distribution is the same in developing countries. www.nap.edu /books/0309036798/html/267.html   (3237 words)

Parainfluenza virus infections after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: risk factors, response to antiviral ... Parainfluenza virus infections after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: risk factors, response to antiviral therapy, and effect on transplant outcome -- Nichols et al. Parainfluenza virus infections after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: risk factors, response to antiviral therapy, and effect on transplant outcome Parainfluenza virus (PIV) infections may be significant causes of morbidity and mortality in patients undergoing stem cell www.bloodjournal.org /cgi/content/abstract/98/3/573   (390 words)

Influenza and other acute respiratory diseases (ARDs)   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14) Influenza A, Influenza B, Parainfluenza virus types 1, 2 and 3, Respiratory Syncytial Virus and Adenovirus are causing illnesses all over the world. Parainfluenza viruses types 1-3 are common agents of acute respiratory infections predominating among children less than 5 years old. They are mostly causative agents of severe croup, bronchitis, bronchiolitis and pneumonia (Parainfluenza virus type 3) in infants. www.hytest.fi /high_lights14.php   (1103 words)

Molecular Epidemiology of Two Consecutive Outbreaks of Parainfluenza 3 in a Bone Marrow Transplant Unit -- Zambon et ... Parainfluenza viruses are well recognized as a cause of respiratory illness in children, ranging from mild upper respiratory Survival and disinfection of parainfluenza viruses on environmental surfaces. Parainfluenza virus infection in adult bone marrow transplant recipients. jcm.asm.org /cgi/content/full/36/8/2289   (3886 words)

Misdiagnosis of Parainfluenza - WrongDiagnosis.com About misdiagnosis: When checking for a misdiagnosis of Parainfluenza or confirming a diagnosis of Parainfluenza, it is useful to consider what other medical conditions might be possible misdiagnoses or other alternative conditions relevant to diagnosis. These alternate diagnoses of Parainfluenza may already have been considered by your doctor or may need to be considered as possible alternative diagnoses or candidates for misdiagnosis of Parainfluenza. Parainfluenza as an alternative diagnosis: The other diseases for which Parainfluenza is listed as a possible alternative diagnosis in their lists include: www.wrongdiagnosis.com /p/parainfluenza/misdiag.htm   (229 words)

BCM Diagnostic Virology Laboratory   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14) For example, parainfluenza virus type 1 is more commonly seen in the fall, and parainfluenza virus type 3 is more commonly seen in the spring and summer, although type 3 can resurge in fall during some years. Infection with parainfluenza viruses is common during childhood, with over 90% of 2-year- olds being infected with parainfluenza virus type 3, and most 2- to 5-year-olds experiencing infection with parainfluenza viruses types 1 and 2. Parainfluenza virus type 4 is rare, but can infect infants less than 2, as well as older children. www.bcm.edu /pedi/infect/dvl/newsletter/nws05_99.htm   (420 words)

Parainfluenza virus   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14) Human parainfluenza viruses (HPIV) are members of the genus Paramyxovirus and belong to the Paramyxoviridae family, which also includes mumps, measles and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). Parainfluenza viruses are important causes of respiratory disease, especially in infants and young children, being responsible for 15% of childhood colds, croup, bronchitis and pneumonia. Like influenza, parainfluenza is not a notifiable disease. www.show.scot.nhs.uk /scieh/Surveillance/parainfluenza.htm   (369 words)

Live-attenuated virus vaccines for respiratory syncytial and parainfluenza viruses: applications of reverse genetics -- ... A live attenuated bovine parainfluenza virus type 3 vaccine is safe, infectious, immunogenic, and phenotypically stable in infants and children. A recombinant human parainfluenza virus type 3 (PIV3) in which the nucleocapsid N protein has been replaced by that of bovine PIV3 is attenuated in primates. Attenuation of the recombinant human parainfluenza virus type 3 cp45 candidate vaccine virus is augmented by importation of the respiratory syncytial virus cpts530 L polymerase mutation. www.jci.org /cgi/content/full/110/1/21   (5127 words)

Parainfluenza   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14) Murine monoclonal antibody 1B8F10 is specific for Parainfluenza 1 glycoprotein HN as demonstrated by immunoprecipitation. Murine monoclonal antibody 12E12G9 is Parainfluenza 2 glycoprotein HN specific as demonstrated by immunoprecipitation. Murine monoclonal antibody GF8F6 is Parainfluenza 3 virus glycoprotein HN antigen specific as demonstrated by immunoprecipitation. www.argene.com /english/products/mca/parain.htm   (590 words)

34 children in parainfluenza outbreak Twenty boys and 14 girls aged four to 17 are infected with parainfluenza at the Caritas Medical Centre Developmental Disability Unit. Adenovirus and parainfluenza virus are common viruses in the community. Tests on parainfluenza virus in more clinical specimens are continuing. www.news.gov.hk /en/category/healthandcommunity/041119/html/041119en05010.htm   (189 words)

Acute Effects of Parainfluenza Virus on Epithelial Electrolyte Transport -- Kunzelmann et al. 279 (47): 48760 -- ... Acute Effects of Parainfluenza Virus on Epithelial Electrolyte Transport -- Kunzelmann et al. Parainfluenza viruses are important causes of respiratory disease parainfluenza virus infection is attributable, at least in part, www.jbc.org /cgi/content/abstract/279/47/48760   (318 words)

The Hong Kong Paediatric Society   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14) The viruses were: Influenza A and B (7.3%), respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) (6.9%), parainfluenza 1-4 (5.9%), adenovirus (4.9%) and rhinovirus (35%). Parainfluenza virus also causes of upper respiratory tract infection, croup, pneumonia and bronchiolitis in infants and children. Parainfluenza type 3 is only second to RSV in causing lower respiratory tract infection in infants and the second leading cause of bronchiolitis and pneumonia in infants under 6 months of age in the US. www.fmshk.com.hk /publications/hkps/200303.htm   (2027 words)

Parainfluenza: La otra amenaza viral Uno de ellos es el virus parainfluenza, el que no produce tanto compromiso del estado general, dolor de cabeza o fiebre, como ocurre con la gripe. Existen cuatro tipos de virus parainfluenza que pueden causar resfriados e invadir la laringe. La parainfluenza en cambio es percibida como una infección respiratoria más común, cuya gravedad disminuye a medida que avanza la edad", precisa. www.pediatraldia.cl /pb/parainfluenza.htm   (820 words)

References Roman G, Phillips A, Poser CM: Parainfluenza virus type 3: Isolation from CSF of a patient with Guillain-Barré syndrome. Killgore GE, Dowdle WR: Antigenic characterization of parainfluenza 4a and 4b by the hemagglutination-inhibition test and distribution of HI antibody in human sera. Chin JC, Magoffin RL, Shearer LA, et al: Field evaluation of a respiratory syncytial virus vaccine and a trivalent parainfluenza virus vaccine in a pediatric population. www.medscape.com /content/1998/00/41/74/417414/417414_ref.html   (1206 words)

Role of Nucleolin in Human Parainfluenza Virus Type 3 Infection of Human Lung Epithelial Cells -- Bose et al. 78 (15): ... Polarity of human parainfluenza virus type 3 infection in polarized human lung epithelial A549 cells: role of microfilament and microtubule. Relative affinity of the human parainfluenza virus type 3 hemagglutinin-neuraminidase for sialic acid correlates with virus-induced fusion activity. Analysis of human parainfluenza virus type 3 receptor binding variants: evidence for the use of a specific sialic-acid containing receptor. jvi.asm.org /cgi/content/full/78/15/8146   (9046 words)

Efficacy of Novel Hemagglutinin-Neuraminidase Inhibitors BCX 2798 and BCX 2855 against Human Parainfluenza Viruses In ... Two regions of the P protein are required to be active with the L protein for human parainfluenza virus type 1 RNA polymerase activity. Parainfluenza viral infections in pediatric outpatients: seasonal patterns and clinical characteristics. Association of the parainfluenza virus fusion and hemagglutinin-neuraminidase glycoproteins on cell surfaces. aac.asm.org /cgi/content/full/48/5/1495   (6298 words)

Molecular Epidemiology of Two Consecutive Outbreaks of Parainfluenza 3 in a Bone Marrow Transplant Unit -- Zambon et ... Molecular Epidemiology of Two Consecutive Outbreaks of Parainfluenza 3 in a Bone Marrow Transplant Unit -- Zambon et al. Two consecutive nosocomial outbreaks of parainfluenza 3, in which 5 of 15 infected patients died, occurred in an adult bone parainfluenza 3 strains, and one persistently infected patient jcm.asm.org /cgi/content/abstract/36/8/2289   (278 words)

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