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Topic: Parallel voting

Related Topics

Mixed member proportional voting

Table of voting systems by nation

Voting system

Block voting

Proportional approval voting

Runoff voting

Kokkai

Cloneproof Schwartz Sequential Dropping

Japanese government

Politics of Japan

Diet of Japan

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House of Representatives of Japan

	Parallel voting - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Parallel voting describes a mixed voting system where voters in effect participate in two separate elections using different systems, and where the results in one election have little or no impact on the results of the other.
		The Supplementary Member system (SM) is a parallel voting system that combines first past the post (FPP) with proportional representation.
		A criticism of proportional voting systems, is that the largest parties need to rely on the support of smaller ones in order to form a government.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Parallel_voting (446 words)

	Additional Member System - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The party list representatives are elected by a second vote, where the electors vote for a political party, not directly for an individual.
		Under the Parallel Voting or Supplementary Member (SUP) system, the party list seats are allocated proportionally within themselves, so any constituency seats the party may have won are additional.
		Parallel Voting is the more common variation among voting systems of the world.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Additional_member_system (335 words)

	Proportional Representation Systems
		One variation of the mixed-member system is called "parallel voting." It uses the same double ballot, but it differs in that the party list seats are simply divided proportionately among the parties then added to the district winners, with not attempt to ensure proportional representation for parties in the legislature.
		In the single transferable vote, votes are transferred around just as the students moved from candidate to candidate in the analogy.
		All votes are for individual candidates not parties, and this arrangement allows voters to cross party lines with their votes.
	www.mtholyoke.edu /acad/polit/damy/BeginnningReading/PRsystems.htm (2963 words)

	Douglas W. Jones on Testing Voting Systems (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Voting systems are subjected to many tests over their lifetimes, beginning with testing done by the manufacturer during development and ending on election day.
		Parallel testing, also known as election-day testing, involves selecting voting machines at random and testing them as realistically as possible during the period that votes are being cast.
		However parallel testing is conducted, it is important to guard against any possibility of contamination of the official canvass with ballot data from voting machines that were subject to parallel testing.
	www.cs.uiowa.edu /~jones/voting/testing.shtml (2604 words)

	Elections in Brazil
		Votes drawn from a hat filled with samples are to be keyed in, in full view of observers, representing the interested parties.
		If the manual count of the votes seen to be keyed in matches the count issued by the electronic report generated by this machine, timed to end with the official voting period, that sampled machine passes the test.
		The time for a simulated vote, to be carried out in all the laborious and pedantic details drawn up by electoral officials in rulings, was timed in four different states at the 2002 election.
	dimacs.rutgers.edu /Workshops/Voting/rezende.html (3284 words)

	[No title]
		A voting system may select only one option (usually a candidate, but also an option that represents a decision), in which case it is called a "single winner system", or it may select multiple options, for example candidates to fill an assembly or alternative possible decisions on the measure the ballot posed.
		The basic idea is as follows: If your first choice does not have enough votes to win, he or she is eliminated, and your vote is transferred to your next choice, and possibly to subsequent choices in turn.
		If your first choice has more votes than he or she needs to win, then some fraction of your vote is transfered to your next choice, and possibly to subsequent choices in turn.
	www.tvg3.com /id31_m.htm (1071 words)

	VerifiedVoting.org : Feds urged to set electronic voting standards
		Voting methods are subject largely to state laws, and systems vary by state and even county.
		For instance, several states used forms of "parallel voting," in which voting machines were randomly pulled in some precincts and tested during the day.
		Implicit in that right is the notion that that vote be private, that vote be secure, and that vote be counted as it was intended when it was cast by the voter.
	www.verifiedvoting.org /article.php?id=5227 (736 words)

	Scoop: National Summit to Save US Elections — Days 2-3 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Humphrey described the new world of electronic voting where ballots are passed directly from the voter to software and hardware systems that are entirely in control of the voting system’s vendors (e.g., Diebold).
		Many electronic voting machines and vote tabulators (PC’s that count votes and provide election results) will be equipped with “wifi” (wide area wireless) access on their motherboards, a huge security risk under any circumstances.
		Absent the ability to vote without barriers and the ability to be assured that your vote will be counted fairly, citizen confidence in elections and elected officials and their policies may very well collapse.
	img.scoop.co.nz /stories/HL0510/S00082.htm (3366 words)

	Facts about mixed member proportional voting (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Mixed member proportional voting describes a mixed voting system where voters in effect participate in two seperate elections using different systems, and where the results in non-proportional election is taken into account and (either wholly or partly) compensated in the proportional system.
		If each of the two election counts do not have a substantial impact on the result of the other then parallel voting may be a better description.
		Typically, one of the elections is by first-past-the-post, runoff voting or bloc voting, while the other election uses some form of proportional representation.
	www.supercrawler.com /Facts/mixed_member_proportional_voting.html (258 words)

	EP Blogs
		My greatest worry is that the touch screen voting machines (tallying 30% of the votes) will, through their secret codes and unverifiable returns, throw the election to Bush, and will also keep the GOP in control of the Senate and the House.
		In a parallel study, two states are selected, alike as possible in terms of socio-economic and cultural factors, differing most notably in that State A has the death penalty and State B does not.
		Very soon after the election, a “quick and dirty” comparison could be produced of the Bush-Kerry vote split in the 30% e-voting states, counties and precincts, on the one hand, and the split in the 70% of “other” returns.
	www.crisispapers.org /blogs-ep/410.htm (8775 words)

	New Page 2 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Voting is almost a lost art, as most Americans have forgotten what voting is all about.
		By consolidating the Parallel Election effort to one precinct, I was guaranteed reliable manning of the polling site from 7 am when the polls opened to 7 pm when the polls closed to accomplish a controlled real-time Parallel Election.
		Our no vote study explained the machine under votes, since the voters had testified that that race was missing on their ballot as pledged and written on many ballots.
	www.ecotalk.org /FirstParallelElection.htm (3924 words)

	Secretary of State Kevin Shelley (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		We support your efforts to bring California's voting system into the twenty-first century and we believe that all Californians should have access to the best available voting equipment.
		We think there are effective alternative methods to achieve a secure vote count, which we urge you to consider.
		For example, an alternative suggested by several presenters during hearings conducted before the Task Force is a parallel pseudo-voting process that could be performed at the same time as actual voting is taking place that would use randomly selected voting equipment.
	www.dredf.org /Comments_to_Sec_State.html (270 words)

	IEC - About the IEC \| International and regional partners > CENELEC
		The new version of the agreement reproduced hereafter revises the text in the light of the experience gained, and was approved by IEC and CENELEC in September 1996.
		The two-months voting period is valid for both IEC and CENELEC and shall be timed to start from the date indicated on the voting paper.
		The CENELEC voting report on the prEN shall be circulated immediately thereafter to the CENELEC National Committees and to the IEC/CO by the CENELEC/CS.
	www.iec.ch /about/partners/agreements/cenelec-e.htm (2300 words)

	Voting Security (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Voting was a public process where qualified citizens voted openly, either by voice or on paper.
		Voting machines are under increasing scrutiny due to their inherent non-transparency, which is why most countries have chosen not to use them.
		Sealed parallel election ballots were counted at KGTV's studio with a TV camera crew filming the counting process.Nearly 50 percent of all voters participated in the parallel election, which included five polling places representing 11 precincts.
	www.ecotalk.org /VotingSecurity.htm (8477 words)

	ISO/TC8/SC3 N 125 - Resolutions of the 4th Meeting of ISO/TC 8/SC3 - 1998-09-16/17
		These work items at the CD or DIS stage may be considered by the SC 3 Secretariat for acceptance for parallel voting on a case by case basis.
		SC 3 Secretariat for acceptance for parallel voting on a case by case basis when they progress to the CD stage.
		In any case where the SC 3 Secretariat considers that parallel voting under the Vienna Agreement should not be accepted, the work item in question shall be referred to the SC 3 subcommittee for consideration before final action is taken.
	www.uscg.mil /hq/g-m/nmc/standards/sc3n125.htm (1485 words)

	KIDS VOTING USA COMES TO HAMPTON ROADS A BOOST FOR DEMOCRACY
		Kids Voting Virginia, created by volunteers and funded privately (as is Kids Voting USA), aspires to involve 40,000 South Hampton Roads schoolchildren in the November 1996 election.
		Kids Voting USA was founded by three Arizona businessmen who were amazed by the near-90 percent turnout of the electorate in Costa Rican elections - the highest voting rate among Western democracies.
		They don't actually elect candidates, but their votes are tallied and reported along with official voting totals.
	scholar.lib.vt.edu /VA-news/VA-Pilot/issues/1996/vp960506/05040001.htm (803 words)

	Black Box Voting : 8-3-05: San Diego backs down on charges against BBV director Jim March
		And, the San Diego citizens have given us the idea of doing this "parallel voting" on a nation scale for the 2006 elections, to prove once and for all, the fraud on electronic voting machines and optical scanners.
		Sixth: Again, I'm thinking 50% turnout for their parallel vote is way better than normal, and you're saying it's too small of a sample.
		Because, as history shows, it vote fraud will swing the other way sooner or later, and then you will be a hypocrite if you scream about it when it swings the other way.
	www.bbvforums.org /cgi-bin/forums/board-auth.cgi?file=/1954/9425.html (6219 words)

	Annex 3 to Exception Reports: ISO/TC 8 AG N 523 (rev 1) - 1999-03-22
		Voting ends on 1999- 04-26; CEN enquiry for parallel voting received]
		Voting ends on 1999-04-26; CEN enquiry for parallel voting received]
		Voting ended on 1999-03-08; CEN enquiry for parallel voting received]
	www.uscg.mil /hq/g-m/nmc/standards/isotc8/523sc3.htm (1335 words)

	2004 Kazakhstan Parliamentary Elections
		It was unclear up to the day of election whether voting would be electronic only, paper only or a combination of the two (parallel voting).
		In the end, the CEC decided to allow parallel voting whereby voters could choose between the two types of ballots.
		Generally speaking, we found that the introduction of electronic voting early in the day caused chaos in the polling stations and active interference on the part of the PECs.
	www.ux1.eiu.edu /~sdroper/kazak.htm (689 words)

	t r u t h o u t \|\| It's Bush Too
		That is, if 100,000 people vote you only need say 10% to achieve a statistical confidence level of 99% that the 10% you had vote voted in the same ratios as the 100,000.
		Next off, if the current voting system had paper ballots that could be accounted for in a side by side comparison to the parallel vote, any discrepancy could traced to its' cause.
		A "Right to Vote" Amendment appeals to me. The title is short and catchy, and conveys the essence of the thing without too much complexity: that every American has a right to vote, and by logical extension, to have his or her vote accurately counted, each and every time.
	forum.truthout.org /blog/story/2005/7/24/04215/0770 (10312 words)

	ELECTIONS 2004: “DEMOCRACY IS NOT A SPECTATOR SPORT” FOR THE LEAGUE (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The League of Women Voters was established in 1920 with two purposes: the first goal was to educate the members about the candidates’ positions on issues and information about the election process; the second but equal purpose of those early League members was study and action on the important issues of the day.
		We voted in Maryland on only two days this year, March 2 and November 2, but planning and activities have occupied us for the past 18 months.
		A sampling of registered voters from three of the precincts and a control group of registered voters who did not have the Guides delivered to their homes were contacted during the three weeks after the primary.
	www.bcpl.net /~lwv/mont/fs2004electionwrap.html (4151 words)

	Kids Voting Project (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Kids Voting is a non-profit organization that is designed for students in grades K-12.
		Its main mission is to develop better informed voters and increase voter turnout with the help of family, school, and the community.
		Students K-12 registered to vote for the 1996 presidential election.
	www.madison.k12.sd.us /tecram/Kids_Voting_Project.html (166 words)

	Politics 101 » Outside The Beltway \| OTB
		It also means that the people who voted for the contestant who was kicked off go ahead and just choose somebody new to vote for.
		Based on these votes, the ADA assigns a numerical score to each lawmaker, where “100″ is the most liberal and “0″ is the most conservative.
		After adjustments to compensate for disproportionate representation that the Senate gives to low?population states and the lack of representation for the District of Columbia, the average ADA score in Congress (50.1) was assumed to represent the political position of the average U.S. voter.
	www.outsidethebeltway.com /category/politics_101 (8038 words)

	Proportional or Full Representation System of Voting
		When you have more than two parties, a party which won a handful of votes can have the same negotiating power as a party that got a majority of the votes.
		Under the "mostpopular party wins" paradigm, the party which has 3% of the votes can now be the king maker if the next government is going to be a coalition government.
		But in the lest disliked party model, along with allowing people to vote for their 2nd, third, and fourth choices.
	www.angelfire.com /zine2/gvfs/PRvoting.htm (3913 words)

	Murky.org: Am I in the parallel Universe? (Voting Reform) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		It may simply be that there are fewer people with strange and inexplicable goatees than there used to be, or it could be...
		It may simply be that there are fewer people with strange and inexplicable goatees than there used to be, or it could be that the election is turning to one of the issues that really matters.
		Then I see that the front page of The Independent is dedicated to highlighting the 'misdirection' (lie is such a strong word) of 'Vote Lib Dem, get Tory' and 'back doors'.
	www.murky.org /archives/2005/04/am_i_in_the_par.html (765 words)

	Murky.org: Link to the Independent (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Even if the Tories improve their showing and win 36 per cent of the votes next Thursday - a three-percentage point rise at Labour's expense...
		There is no chance whatsoever of the Conservatives getting in by the back, the side or any other door because they have lost this election and people know they have lost.
		If you've been thinking of protest voting, but have concerns about undesirable effects, then articles like this are worth studying!
	www.murky.org /archives/2005/04/link_to_the_ind.html (408 words)

	Amazon.com: Behind the Ballot Box: A Citizen's Guide to Voting Systems: Books: Douglas J. Amy (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The book is "one-stop-shopping" for those interested in learning more about voting systems and how to choose among them.
		Then, he explains the major types of voting systems, and explains their advantages and disadvantages.
		A must read if you are interested in voting systems, you are a student of voting systems, or especially if you are trying to make an informed choice about what voting system best fits your community.
	www.amazon.com /exec/obidos/tg/detail/-/0275965856?v=glance (1001 words)

	List of Publications
		“A Fault-Tolerant Parallel Computer System for Signal Processing”, A. Avizienis and B. Parhami.
		Parallel Architectures, Edited by N. Rishe, S. Navathe, and D. Tal, IEEE Computer Society Press, pp.
		“Threshold Voting is Fundamentally Simpler than Plurality Voting”.
	www.ece.ucsb.edu /Faculty/Parhami/publications.htm (1161 words)

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