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Topic: Parent process

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	Parent process Summary
		The parent, or mother or predecessor as it is often called, is a term that refers to the more general element in a relationship that is formulated in a generalization-type architecture or hierarchical structure.
		is the parent process and the newly-created process is the child process.
		Process 0 is a special process that is created when the system boots; after forking a child process (process 1), process 0 becomes the swapper process.
	www.bookrags.com /Parent_process (431 words)

	Parent process -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-24)
		A parent process is a (additional info and facts about computer process) computer process that has created one or more (additional info and facts about child process) child processes.
		is the parent process and the newly-created process is the child process.
		Process 0 is a special process that is created when the system boots; after forking a child process (process 1), process 0 becomes the swapper process.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/p/pa/parent_process.htm (178 words)

	The Solaris process model, Part 2 - SunWorld - September 1998
		The process structure pointer linkage between the parent and child is established (reference Figure 1 -- the p_child and p_parent pointers), and the uarea of the parent process is copied into the newly-created child process structure.
		A large amount of process creation activity is indicated by failure in the kernel pid_assign() code (which is where the new process PID is acquired) or the lack of an available process-table slot.
		In this case, each segment of the parent processes' address space is duplicated, beginning with the initialization of an address space (as) and hardware address translation (hat) structure for the child process.
	sunsite.uakom.sk /sunworldonline/swol-09-1998/swol-09-insidesolaris.html (2474 words)

	Parent process - Computing Reference - eLook.org
		Every process except process 0 is created when another process executes the fork system call.
		The process that invoked fork is the parent process, and the newly created process is the child process.
		Process 1, known as init, is the ancestor of every other process in the system and enjoys a special relationship with them.
	www.elook.org /computing/parent-process.htm (115 words)

	The fork() System Call
		Process ID 3456 may be the one assigned to the parent or the child.
		In this program, both processes print lines that indicate (1) whether the line is printed by the child or by the parent process, and (2) the value of variable i.
		Due to the fact that the CPU scheduler will assign a time quantum to each process, the parent or the child process will run for some time before the control is switched to the other and the running process will print some lines before you can see any line printed by the other process.
	www.csl.mtu.edu /cs4411.ck/www/NOTES/process/fork/create.html (932 words)

	Child process Summary
		Processes are organized in a hierarchical manner, and this is where the term child process is germane.
		Any processes that are started from within the shell--such as entering a comand--are the children of the initial process.
		For a child process to complete, the identifier number is freed and is reported to its parent.
	www.bookrags.com /Child_process (575 words)

	Internal Commands and Builtins
		variables back to the parent process, to the process that called or invoked the script or shell.
		A "zombie process", that is, a process whose
		This new process is the "child", and the process that
	www.linuxvalley.it /encyclopedia/ldp/guide/abs/internal.html (2741 words)

	Practical mod_perl (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-24)
		The USR1 signal causes the parent process to advise the children to exit after serving their current requests, or to exit immediately if they are not serving a request.
		As each child dies off, the parent replaces it with a child from the new generation (the new children use the new configuration) and the new child processes begin serving new requests immediately.
		The parent process is the one that must be signaled, so it is the parent's PID that must be identified.
	modperlbook.org /html/ch05_03.html (1925 words)

	Zombie process
		A zombie process is a term in computing for a process that exists but which has completed execution.
		When a zombie process cannot be destroyed it is usually because it is the parent of one or more child processes.
		In Unix, the most common cause of a zombie is where the process has exited, but its parent process has not yet done a "wait" system call for it.
	www.brainyencyclopedia.com /encyclopedia/z/zo/zombie_process.html (222 words)

	[No title]
		As such, it continues with a copy of the parent’s code, variables, open file descriptors, attached shared memory segments, semaphores, etc. Upon successful completion, fork() returns a value of 0 to the child process and returns the process ID of the child process to the parent process.
		Otherwise, a value of -1 is returned to the parent process, no child process is created, and errno is set to indicate the error.
		The parent and child processes resume execution (are rescheduled) immediately after the fork() call; they are distinguished by the value returned by fork.
	www.cs.usu.edu /~scott/5200_f02/fork.doc (348 words)

	vfork(2): create child process/block parent - Linux man page
		It is used to create new processes without copying the page tables of the parent process.
		The parent process was suspended while the child was using its resources.
		The use of vfork was tricky - for example, not modifying data in the parent process depended on knowing which variables are held in a register.
	www.die.net /doc/linux/man/man2/vfork.2.html (545 words)

	Process Tracing Using Ptrace LG #81
		The traced process behaves normally until a signal is caught.
		It is the offset in user space of the traced process from where a word is read and returned as the result of the call.
		Now the links of the child process are rearranged; e.g., the child is removed from the task queue and its parent process field is changed (the original parent remains the same).
	linuxgazette.net /issue81/sandeep.html (1632 words)

	Process Tracing Using Ptrace LG #81
		The traced process behaves normally until a signal is caught.
		It is the offset in user space of the traced process from where a word is read and returned as the result of the call.
		Now the links of the child process are rearranged; e.g., the child is removed from the task queue and its parent process field is changed (the original parent remains the same).
	www.linuxgazette.net /issue81/sandeep.html (1632 words)

	CIS 307: Unix I
		When a process terminates it informs its parent process of this fact with the SIGCHLD signal and passes to it status information.
		The parent process retrieves this information with the wait and waitpid system requests (or it indicates that it is uninterested in that information by specifying that the SIGCHLD signal should be ignored SIG_IGN).
		If you say four, the parent and the three children, you are wrong since each child tries to continue the loop as its parent was doing.
	www.cis.temple.edu /~ingargio/cis307/readings/unix1.html (2896 words)

	Process creation in UNIX
		This allows a process returning from a system call (hence after having run in kernel mode) to be immediately blocked and put in the ready processes queue instead of returning to user mode running, leaving the CPU to another process.
		Moreover, among exited processes there's a distinction between those which have a parent process that waits for their completion (possibly to clean after them), and those which upon termination have an active parent that might decide to wait for them sometime in the future (and then be immediately notified of its children's termination)
		It is often the case that a parent process must coordinate its actions with those of its children, maybe exchanging with them various kind of messages.
	www.cim.mcgill.ca /~franco/OpSys-304-427/lecture-notes/node16.html (1472 words)

	Fast, preemptible refork
		First, when synchronizing its speculative child, a parent process can be substantially delayed by the time required to release its speculative child's old state and then make a fresh copy of the parent process's state.
		Since the speculative process is not allowed to steal cycles from non-speculative processes, this means that the speculative process will not be able to run ahead of the parent process.
		The parent will attempt to complete a synchronization the next time it is delayed by disk I/O. While this usually hides the cost of synchronization from the parent, it may increase the synchronization delay perceived by the child.
	www.usenix.org /events/usenix03/tech/fraser/fraser_html/node13.html (412 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-24)
		The child process behaves normally until it encounters a signal (see sig- nal(5)), at which time it enters a stopped state and its parent is notified via the wait(2) function.
		Also, the parent can cause the child either to terminate or continue, with the possi- bility of ignoring the signal that caused it to stop.
		On failure -1 is returned to the parent process and the parent's errno is set to EIO.
	www.cs.wisc.edu /~jasonxie/x (884 words)

	[No title]
		The "fork" system call creates a child process that is a duplicate of the calling process (the parent process) except for different process ID's.
		Since the parent has died, it is possible for the child to become a "zombie" process that will stay around forever trying to tell its parent about its own imminent demise.
		The getpid and getppid system calls return the processes ID (pid) and the process ID of the processes parent (ppid for parent process ID. The "ps" command will give you a list of your processes.
	ww2.cis.temple.edu /stafford/cis320/nlab8/fork.txt (426 words)

	SGI TPL View (ptrace.2)
		The ptrace system call provides a means by which a parent process may observe and control the execution of another process, and examine and change its core image and registers.
		The current process actually becomes the parent of the child process for most purposes (e.g., it will receive notification of child events and appears in ps(1) output as the childâs parent), but a getppid(2) by the child will still return the pid of the original parent.
		ESRCH The specified process does not exist, or is not currently being traced by the caller, or is not stopped (for requests that require that).
	techpubs.sgi.com /library/tpl/cgi-bin/getdoc.cgi?coll=linux&db=man&fname=/usr/share/catman/man2/ptrace.2.html (1209 words)

	Child Processes and Threads
		Fork returns values to both the parent process and to the child, if it was successfully created.
		The child receives a value of 0, while the parent gets the childs PID, or a value of -1 if the child was not created, usually because there were not enough system resources or the user reached his process limit.
		A UNIX lightweight process (LWP) corresponds to an NT thread, while the word 'thread' is sometimes used to indicate a user-space implementation of threads.
	home.earthlink.net /~mcdemarco/QA/process.html (828 words)

	Unix Programming Frequently Asked Questions - 1. Process Control (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-24)
		The new process is called the child process, and the existing process is called the parent.
		A parent and child can communicate through any of the normal inter-process communication schemes (pipes, sockets, message queues, shared memory), but also have some special ways to communicate that take advantage of their relationship as a parent and child.
		It has nothing to do with parent processes, and is usually generated by the tty driver (and delivered to the foreground process group).
	www.erlenstar.demon.co.uk /unix/faq_2.html (3834 words)

	KCGL1 Help SPAWN Qualifiers (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-24)
		By default, all process logical names and logical name tables are copied to the subprocess except those explicitly marked CONFINE or created in executive or kernel mode.
		If you omit the /PROCESS qualifier, a unique process name is assigned with the same base name as the parent process and a unique number.
		The default is the prompt of the parent process.
	www.montagar.com /HELP/SPAWN/QUALIFIERS (1095 words)

	QNX Developer Support
		This may not be the case if the child process was created at a higher priority than the parent (in which case the child will run before the parent gets to run again).
		This means that at the filesystem manager level, the parent and child have the same open control block (OCB) for the file, so if the child seeks to some position in the file, then that changes the parent's seek position as well.
		If you've created a set of processes using a starter process as discussed at the beginning of this section, then all those processes are children of the starter process, with the exception of those that have called procmgr_daemon().
	www.qnx.com /developers/docs/momentics_nc_docs/neutrino/prog/process.html (2751 words)

	Linux Kernel Process Management > Process Descriptor and the Task Structure (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-24)
		is the parent, whereas the new process is the child.
		Because accessing the process descriptor is a common and important job, the PPC kernel developers deem using a register worthy for the task.
		Upon exiting the kernel, the process resumes execution in user-space, unless a higher-priority process has become runnable in the interim, in which case the scheduler is invoked to select the higher priority process.
	www.informit.com /articles/article.asp?p=370047 (1985 words)

	[No title]
		Each process is represented by an entry in the process table which is manipulated by the kernel to manage all processes.
		Last state of a process Process Table A system-wide process table is maintained in the UNIX kernel to control all processes.
		The process that calls the fork is called the parent process and the newly created process is called the child process.
	www.ececs.uc.edu /~berman/620-2002/lecture11.doc (540 words)

	To Parents
		Parents frequently get worried when their child is acting out, but if the program does not witnesses these manifestations it will be very difficult to address them in a direct manner.
		One of the most detrimental things a parent can do is set a time frame with their teen as to when they need to complete a program, or a date in which they will remove them from the program.
		A teen will not put all their effort into the treatment process if they feel there is a chance they could be removed early from the program; the parents are wasting time and money if they do not commit to the program.
	natsap.org /pa_parentprocess.asp (2751 words)

	Asim Shankar >> Projects >> Process checkpointing and restarting
		Other systems (such as ckpt and esky) have a complex mechanism of restoring the stack and register state of the checkpointed process as both are also used by the restoration code.
		The core file contains a complete memory dump of the process, thus in theory it should be possible to restore the process to the same state it was in when the core was dumped.
		For example, if the process opens sockets, does some processing and then closes the sockets then you can use gdb to set a break point where all sockets are closed and then create a core dump.
	www.geocities.com /asimshankar/checkpointing (2145 words)

	process - a Whatis.com definition (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-24)
		In Unix and some other operating systems, a process is started when a program is initiated (either by a user entering a shell command or by another program).
		A process can initiate a subprocess, which is a called a child process (and the initiating process is sometimes referred to as its parent).
		A child process is a replica of the parent process and shares some of its resources, but cannot exist if the parent is terminated.
	whatis.techtarget.com /definition/0,,sid9_gci212832,00.html (239 words)

	[No title]
		The fork function is called by a process (the "parent") to create a new process (the "child") which is a logical copy of itself.
		The value returned to the parent is the PIN of the child; the child receives a return code of 0.
		If the parent is neither terminated nor waiting, save the exit code in the caller's PCB and attach the PCB to the parent's zombie list (to prepare for a wait call by the parent).
	www.cs.uakron.edu /~jld/426s99/pr2s99.html (1398 words)

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