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	Parilia - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Parilia was a festival described in detail by Ovid in Fasti.
		The Parilia is outstanding among Roman festivals as it incorporates both the rural and urban celebrations of Roman religion, and also incorporates elements from other festivals.
		However, references to the Parilia as the Palilia reinforce the association.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Parilia (293 words)

	PALES - LoveToKnow Article on PALES (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		The festival called Parilia (less correctly Palilia) was celebrated in her honor at Rome and in the country on the 21st of April.
		In this festival Pales was invoked to grant protection and increase to flocks and herds; the shepherds entreated forgiveness for any unintentional profanation of holy places of which their flocks might have been guilty, and leaped three times across bonfires of hay and straw (Ovid, Fasti, iv.
		The Parilia was not only a herdsmens festival, but was regarded as the birthday celebration of Rome, which was supposed to have been founded on the same day.
	94.1911encyclopedia.org /P/PA/PALES.htm (163 words)

	McCarthy: Urbs Oritur: The Elegists, Augustus, and April 21st
		Augustus, as novus Romulus and initiator of the ludi saeculares of 17 BCE, exploited the Parilia and encouraged the shift in its religious meaning from agrarian to patriotic.
		In 4.4, Propertius again describes the Parilia as decadent, urban, and therefore improper, and he chooses it as the setting for Tarpeia's greedy betrayal of the Capitoline.
		Augustus' intervention led directly to the eventual extinction of the agrarian Parilia in the urban environment.
	www.camws.org /meeting/2005/abstracts2005/mccarthy.html (538 words)

	Fasti
		721).-The festival of the Parilia on the 21st of April is marked PAR in the Caeretan, Maffeian, and Praenestine calendars.
		With the offerings (line 745) and the prayer that accompanied them at the Parilia we may compare the ritual which herdsmen in the Highlands of Scotland used to observe, and the prayers which they used to utter at Beltane, the festival which is the Celtic analogue of the Italian Parilia.
		Parilia, which, as we have seen, has some points of analogy with Beltane, the festival formerly held by Scottish herds men on May Day.
	phoenixandturtle.net /excerptmill/frazer3.htm (13975 words)

	April in the Roman calendar
		The Parilia was the annual Roman festival of flocks and herds, celebrated on April 21 in honor of Pales, the pastoral deity (god or goddess) and special protector of cattle.
		The Parilia, essentially a pastoral, or agricultural rite, is believed to have originated long before the founding of the city of Rome (753 B.C.).
		Romulus, the legendary “founder of Rome”;, is thought to have played a significant role in conducting the cleansing and renewal rituals of the Parilia.
	www.wordquests.info /april-history.html (352 words)

	Ø Wilson's Almanac free daily ezine \| Romulus and Remus and the Foundation of Rome \| Romulus Remus Palilia ...
		On St. George's Day, which is the modern equivalent of the Parilia, Southern Slavonian peasants crown their cows with wreaths of flowers … in the evening the wreaths are taken from the cows and fastened to the door of the cattle-stall, where they remain throughout the year till the next St. George's Day.
		745) and the prayer that accompanied them at the Parilia we may compare the ritual which herdsmen in the Highlands of Scotland used to observe and the prayers which they used to utter at Beltane, the festival which is the Celtic analogue of the Italian Paralia … In this (i.e.
		Perhaps Ovid's expression, “when the viands have been cut up”, is explained by the Beltane custom, described by Pennant, of breaking a cake of oatmeal in pieces and throwing the bits over the shoulder as offerings to the 88 preservers or destroyers of the flocks and herds.
	www.wilsonsalmanac.com /romulus_remus.html (2835 words)

	Nova Roma: Calendar of Holidays and Festivals
		In this way, the fertility of the cattle is encouraged to pass to the earth itself.
		The ashes of the sacrificed calves are then taken by the Vestal Virgins for use in the Parilia later in the month.
		XXI Aprilis/April 21: The Parilia is both an ancient agricultural festival sacred to Pales and the birthday of Eternal Roma Herself.
	www.novaroma.org /calendar/aprilis2.html (1108 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		This wonderful coin alludes to the chariot-races instituted by him, evidenced by the reverse legend, P[rimum] CIR[censes] CON[stituit] in celebration of the 874th year of the foundation of Rome (ad urbe condita) by Romulus and Remus.
		A long established tradition placed the birthday of Rome on the eleventh day before the Kalends (first day) of May, in coincidence with the festival of the Parilia, now under the new name Nat[alis] Urb[is].
		Parilia was a spring festival in honour of Pales, god (or goddess) of shepherds and herds, and was obviously related to the solar agricultural calendar.
	www.wildwinds.com /coins/ric/hadrian/RIC_0144.txt (386 words)

	[No title]
		Pales was a shepherd divinity, honored on April 21 in the Parilia or Palilia, the feast of the founding of Rome (cf.
		In the OP the name Christian is crossed out and replaced by Ernst August for a performance of this cantata at the Weimar Court, probably in 1716.
		Pales means that hers will not be the last offering to Christian, for she will stir the very fields to pay him honor also.
	www.uvm.edu /~classics/faculty/bach/BWV208.html (356 words)

	Index to the Fasti PQRSTUVZ
		Rome was founded on the day of her festival, the Parilia.
		Fordicidia, by the oldest Vestal, to produce the ashes used at the Palilia.
		Book IV: April 21 The ashes of horse and calf, plus the stripped stalks of beans, supplied by Vesta for the purificatory rites of the Parilia.
	www.tkline.freeserve.co.uk /OvFastIndexPQRSTUVXZ.htm (7861 words)

	Wilson's Blogmanac (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Sheepfolds were decorated with green branches on this day.
		Fires were kindled and animals driven through the smoke; milk and cakes were offered to the deity today.However, the Palilia, or Parilia, were held long before the foundation of Rome.
		They celebrated the beginning of Spring pasture, and were held to purify cattle, the herds and the herdsmen.
	wilsonsalmanac.blogspot.com /2004/04/milk-and-cakes-were-offered-to-deity.html (298 words)

	CSCP - Date explanation (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		The festival of the Parilia had a double role as a purification of the flocks and as the anniversary of the foundation of Rome - the city's birthday.
		Shepherds and farmers lit bonfires and leapt over them, and used burning sulphur to purify their flocks.
		Because the festival also marked the birthday of Rome, it later became known as the Romaia (festival of Rome).
	www.mnlg.com /myCLC/php/date_explanation.php?date_explanation_text=04_21.txt (78 words)

	Country Festivals (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		For this pregnant cows were slaughtered in sacrifice and in Rome animal fetuses were burnt on altars.
		The parilia festival which took place the week after the fordicia, saw sheep being herded and forced to jump across burning bales of straw, in order to be purified.
		Another festival was that celebrating the goddess Ceres which took place on 19 April.
	www.roman-empire.net /religion/rel-fields.html (542 words)

	[2003: April] Re: Happy Parilia
		Next message: John Lupia: "Re: Happy Parilia or Palilia?"
		Next in thread: John Lupia: "Re: Happy Parilia or Palilia?"
		Reply: John Lupia: "Re: Happy Parilia or Palilia?"
	omega.cohums.ohio-state.edu /mailing_lists/CLA-L/2003/04/0628.php (159 words)

	R-MWC - Classics Major Special Events (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		We also perform at the tree lighting ceremony with other carolers in other languages.
		On the 21st of April we celebrate Parilia with a BIG birthday cake in honor of the City of Rome.
		Throughout the year the department takes field trips, as part of classes or just for fun to see plays and Museum exhibits.
	www.rmwc.edu /academics/majors/classics_events.asp (269 words)

	Palatua
		Quirinus is sometimes identified with the deified Romulus, or Mars in His peaceful aspect.
		In Palatua I feel a harmony of the bucolic arts with those of more urbane nature, just as the Parilia celebrates the pastoral life of shepherds as well as the foundation of the City.
		It's intriguing to compare similar aspects in Magna Mater, whose Temple came naturally to grace the Palatine: her epithet of VRBIVM CONDITRIX and her love for and resurrection of the shepherd Attis.
	www.aztriad.com /palatua.html (339 words)

	Ø Wilson's Almanac free daily ezine \| Book of Days \| April 21 \| Palilia or Parilia Ridván Romulus founded ...
		In Eastern Europe many analogous rites have been performed down to recent times, and probably still are performed for the same purpose, by shepherds and herdsmen on St. George's Day, the
		23rd of April, only two days after the Parilia, with which they may well be connected by descent from a common festival observed by pastoral Aryan peoples in the spring …
		745) and the prayer that accompanied them at the Parilia we may compare the ritual which herdsmen in the Highlands of Scotland used to observe and the prayers which they used to utter at Beltane, the festival which is the Celtic analogue of the Italian Paralia …
	www.wilsonsalmanac.com /book/apr21.html (3564 words)

	Parilia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		On Friday, April 22nd, we will celebrate the Roman holiday, Parilia.
		This holiday is celebrated outdoors with lots of fun and games.
		April 21st - All items necessary for Parilia are due in class today.
	www.mtnbrook.k12.al.us /mbjh/webpages/forlang/JoyJ/Parilia.htm (172 words)

	PAGAN ANTI-DEFAMATION NETWORK (AFFILIATED TO SAFF)
		On Saint George's Day we see another adoption of Pagan tradition, blatantly inserted with the intention of winning converts for the new monotheistic religion.
		There is a slight gap in the calendar between them but St. George's Day (on the 23rd April) lands at the same period as the Parilia (21st April.) The Parilia (or Palilia) was sacred to Pales, the Goddess of shepherds and herders.
		During the feast farmers would drive their flocks and herds between blazing fires and subject them to fumes of rosemary, laurel and sulphur in a rite of purification to ensure strong future offspring.
	home.freeuk.net /patregan/april.htm (838 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		A) Aeneas B) Hercules C) Castor and Pollux D) Romulus and Remus ___Based on the readings, which of the following festivals is concerned with fertility of flocks?
		A) Parilia B) Saturnalia C) Robigalia D) all of the above ___Which of the following was the first Roman explicitly described as possessing felicitas?
		A) Scipio Africanus B) Sulla C) Pompey D) Julius Caesar ___At the time of the earliest Republic, which class held the most religious power?
	id-archserve.ucsb.edu /moodle/moodledata/3/Sample_Final_questions_2006.doc (573 words)

	Sponsorship of the Parilia
		AncientWorlds > Rome > Groups > Imperium > Arena > DLXII - Arena archive > Sponsorship of the Parilia
		You humble Races Aedile, Marcus Rufinius Aelius, will contribute D500.
		Thus the Parilia promises to be much wine, women and song!
	www.ancientworlds.net /aw/Post/433173 (146 words)

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