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	Secondary Parkinsonism - Health Centers
		Secondary parkinsonism is a disorder with symptoms similar to Parkinson's disease, but is caused by medication side-effects, a different neurodegenerative disorder, or another illness.
		Parkinson's disease is one of the most common neurologic disorders of the elderly.
		Secondary parkinsonism may be caused by disorders such as a stroke, encephalitis, or meningitis.
	www.wpxi.com /encyclopedia/6860700/detail.html (1197 words)

	Parkinson's Disease - Health and Medical Information produced by doctors - MedicineNet.com
		Parkinson's disease may be one of the most baffling and complex of the neurological disorders.
		Parkinson's disease was first described in 1817 by James Parkinson, a British physician who published a paper on what he called "the shaking palsy." In this paper, he set forth the major symptoms of the disease that would later bear his name.
		Parkinson's disease is also called primary parkinsonism or idiopathic Parkinson's disease; idiopathic is a term describing a disorder for which no cause has yet been found.
	www.medicinenet.com /parkinsons_disease/article.htm (633 words)

	parkinsonism
		The symptoms of drug caused Parkinson are almost indistinguishable from typical PD except for the presence of co-existing dyskinesia in drug caused Parkinson (in the absence of treatment with Sinemet).
		For example, drug caused Parkinson usually results in symmetric bradykinesia and rigidity in the early stages, whereas typical PD is often asymmetric in the early stages.
		Parkinson symptoms may appear after several days of starting the antipsychotic dopamine-blocking drug; however, the progression depends on the dose and potency of the drug.
	www.lewybodydementia.org /docs/ccc/parkinsonism.html (818 words)

	Drug-induced parkinsonism is common (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Parkinsonism is a common neurodegenerative disease; its main symptom being a pronounced tremor affecting the extremities notably the hands, chin or lips.
		Parkinsonism associated with dementia was the most common form among old men (80-99 years of age) where it accounted for 41 per cent of all cases.
		The incidence of parkinsonism was found to rise dramatically with age from 26.5 cases per 100,000 person years in the 50-59 year age group to 304.8 per 100,000 in the age group 80-99 years.
	www.yourhealthbase.com /database/a90i.htm (310 words)

	Statements of Principles — Secondary parkinsonism — diagnostic protocol
		Parkinson’s disease means a combination of tremor at rest, muscle rigidity and slow movement, occuring without other disease manifestations, and of unknown cause.
		Secondary parkinsonism, means a condition mimicking Parkinson’s disease, of identifiable cause, but excluding cases where the parkinsonism is part of a wider disease process, such as parkinsonism in Huntington’s disease.
		Where the parkinsonism is part of a wider disease process this should be apparent to the treating doctor and there should not be difficulty in distinguishing such a condition from Parkinson’s disease.
	www.dva.gov.au /pensions/statemnt/F077dp.htm (380 words)

	Parkinsons Disease 1 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Parkinson's disease (PD) is characterized by an insidious onset with slowing of emotional and voluntary movement, muscular rigidity, postural abnormality and tremor.
		Parkinson's disease was first described in 1817 by James Parkinson in a paper entitled "An Essay on the Shaking Palsy" (photos courtesy of the National Library of Medicine).
		The rigidity of Parkinson's produces a resistance to passive movement which is equal in all muscle groups and does not alter throughout the range of the passive movement.
	medweb.bham.ac.uk /http/depts/clin_neuro/teaching/tutorials/parkinsons/parkinsons1.html (1799 words)

	Caregiver distress in parkinsonism (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		While the motor impairment emblematic of parkinsonism is the most notable symptom to the casual observer, some research suggests that cognitive, communication, and other less obvious problems associated with the disease progression create the most strain on family caregivers.
		Parkinsonism is the name given to a group of disorders (PD being one of them) with similar features with four primary symptoms, including tremor, rigidity, postural instability, and bradykinesia, resulting from the loss of dopamine-producing brain cells.
		Parkinsonism is an array of progressive neurologic conditions with significant variability in clinical manifestations.
	www.vard.org /jour/06/43/4/cifu.html (4381 words)

	Parkinsonism?
		Helen, although your symptoms are potentially compatable with early Parkinson's disease, which, interestingly, sometimes presents with odd sensory symptoms before the more classic symptoms evolve, there are a number of other possibilities, particularly in someone as young as yourself.
		Parkinson's disease itself is clinically diagnosed--- there is no "test" per se for it other than symptoms and a thorough neurologic examination by a neurologist to exclude other possible explanations.
		Sometimes a trial of medications used to treat Parkinson's disease such as levodopa/carbidopa (Sinemet), Artane, amantidine, pergolide (Permax) or bromocriptine, may be useful as typical Parkinson'e disease is helped by these things and the LACK of a response to them would again suggest an alternative diagnosis.
	www.medhelp.org /forums/neuro/archive/136.html (508 words)

	Parkinsonism
		Parkinsonism is a motor syndrome consisting of a group of symptoms—tremor, bradykinesia, rigidity, and postural instability or impaired postural reflexes—that result from striatal dopamine deficiency.
		The relative frequency of drug-induced parkinsonism may be underestimated since drug reactions in older persons may suggest the presence of a new disease or may simply be attributed to the aging process.
		The proportion of drug-induced parkinsonism may on the other hand be overestimated if some patients had previous subclinical idiopathic PD, and the onset of the classical symptoms coincided with the use of the incriminated drug.
	www.hsph.harvard.edu /Organizations/DDIL/parkins.html (3018 words)

	OHSU Parkinson Center of Oregon - what is parkinsonism?
		Parkinsonism is a progressive degenerative disorder affecting one of the regions of the brain controlling movement.
		Although there are different types of parkinsonism, the most common condition today is the one first recognized in 1817, by James Parkinson, referred to as idiopathic Parkinson’s disease.
		The incidence of Parkinson’s disease increases with age and is uncommon in people younger than forty.
	www.ohsu.edu /pco/parkinsons_disease/what_is_pd.html (685 words)

	Highbeam Encyclopedia - Search Results for Parkinsonism (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Parkinson's Disease Info Parkinson's Symptoms, Causes and More from US News and World Report Health.
		Parkinson's disease or Parkinsonism, degenerative brain disorder first described by the English surgeon James Parkinson in 1817.
		Drug-induced parkinsonism often missed by experts: the older, conventional antipsychotic drugs have been most commonly associated with the problem.(care and treatment)(Statistical data)
	www.encyclopedia.com /articles/09851.html (415 words)

	Parkinsonism \| massagetoday.com
		Parkinsonism is a fairly common progressive degenerative central nervous system (CNS) disorder that leads to dysfunction at the motor centers in the basal ganglia.
		Parkinsonism occurs when the cells in the substantia nigra unexpectedly and prematurely die.
		Parkinsonism patients may also experience changes in gait, speech and handwriting as the relationship between flexors and extensors becomes distorted, and flexors become hypertonic.
	www.massagetoday.com /archives/2005/03/14.html (1382 words)

	Postencephalitic parkinsonism - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Postencephalitic parkinsonism is a disease that is believed to have been caused by a viral illness, stimulating degeneration of the nerve cells in the substantia nigra, leading to clinical parkinsonism.
		The film Awakenings (starring Robin Williams and Robert de Niro and based on genuine cases reported by Oliver Sacks) deals sensitively and largely accurately with this disease.
		The state of the art in treatment remains roughly the same as it was at the time of the events depicted, the 1960s, although patients with postencephalitic parkinsonism lose benefit from their medication far faster than do patients with Parkinson's disease.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Postencephalitic_parkinsonism (208 words)

	Ovary removal elevates risk for Parkinson's disease and parkinsonism
		All the women studied were followed through the onset of parkinsonism or Parkinson's disease, death, loss to follow up or the time the study was conducted.
		This includes 24 cases of parkinsonism, 15 of which were Parkinson's disease, in women with both ovaries removed, and 19 cases of parkinsonism, 10 of which were Parkinson's disease, in women with one ovary removed.
		Parkinsonism is a group of diseases characterized by tremor, rigidity or stiffness, slow movements and difficulty maintaining balance.
	www.eurekalert.org /pub_releases/2005-04/mc-ore040705.php (866 words)

	ENLmedical.com: Conditions And Concerns: Medical Encyclopedia: Secondary parkinsonism
		Parkinsonism causes a lack of muscle control because the nerve cells are unable to properly transmit messages to the muscles.
		Although loss of mental capacities is uncommon, with severe symptoms of secondary parkinsonism the person may exhibit overall mental deterioration (delirium).
		As a rule, response in secondary parkinsonism is disproportionate to all medical therapy compared to Parkinson's disease.
	www.enlmedical.com /article/000759.htm (832 words)

	Parkinsonism
		Other causes of parkinsonism, such as head trauma, drug ingestion, carbon monoxide, cyanide, and manganese poisoning, are usually obvious; normal-pressure hydrocephalus and Jakob-Creutzfeldt disease may not be.
		Secondary parkinsonism, e.g., resulting from toxic, tumors, infarcts, hydrocephalus, post-trauma, post-encephalitic Parkinsonism, or AIDS, also should be considered in the differential diagnosis but is relatively easy to differentiate from PD on the basis of other clinical criteria.
		Its place in the treatment of Parkinson's disease is still controversial, but it is probably best regarded as an L-dopa sparing agent that also prolongs the effect of L-dopa in patients with end-of-dose failure.
	members.tripod.com /enotes/parkinsonism.htm (2857 words)

	ANA: Levodopa Therapy Corrects Chemotherapy-Induced Parkinsonism (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		"Parkinsonism is a very rare side effect associated with chemotherapy," said Cathy Chuang, MD, an attending neurologist at the Albert Einstein School of Medicine, The Bronx, New York.
		"We believe this was a case of parkinsonism rather than a manifestation of Parkinson’s Disease by the rapid onset of the symptoms," Dr. Chuang said.
		The symptoms did not return when she stopped levodopa treatment, and she remained free of parkinsonism until her death from cancer-related causes more than a year later.
	www.pslgroup.com /dg/20775E.htm (423 words)

	Patient Education: Atypical Parkinsonism
		Parkinson’s disease is a progressive brain disorder which usually produces some combination of the following symptoms: 1.
		Parkinson’s disease (PD) results from dying off (degeneration) of certain nerve cells found in a deep part of the brain (brainstem) called the substantia nigra.
		Because the various atypical parkinsonism diseases are relatively uncommon, it is difficult to obtain public funding for research.
	www.bcm.edu /neurology/jankovic/educ_atyppd.htm (1416 words)

	WE MOVE - X-linked Dystonia-parkinsonism (Lubag)
		In some patients, signs of parkinsonism may accompany, precede, or "replace" symptoms of dystonia.
		Less commonly, patients may develop progressive parkinsonism as an isolated manifestation of the disorder.
		Parkinsonism symptoms may slightly improve with L-dopa or dopamine agonist therapy, and dystonic features may have only a partial response to anticholinergics or benzodiazepines, such as clonazepam (Klonopin®).
	www.wemove.org /dys/dys_dxlink.html (269 words)

	Other Causes of Parkinsonism (Parkinson's Syndrome) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		If they are making Parkinson's disease worse, they need to be stopped, but the disease won't go away.
		The influenza epidemic during the early part of this century caused a number of cases of encephalitis and resulting parkinsonism.
		The drug MPTP appeared on the street as a failed attempt to produce the drug known as "ecstasy." The drug is now used in laboratories to cause parkinsonism in experimental animals.
	www.adventisthealthcare.com /AHC/Atoz/dc/caz/neur/park/parkcause.asp (490 words)

	What Is Parkinsonism? (Sidebar), THE MERCK MANUAL OF HEALTH & AGING
		Parkinsonism is any condition that causes symptoms similar to those of Parkinson's disease.
		Parkinsonism may be a side effect of certain drugs, especially antipsychotic drugs.
		Disorders that can cause parkinsonism include other degenerative brain disorders, viral encephalitis (a rare disorder that follows a flu-like infection), brain tumors, strokes, and head injury (particularly the repeated injury that occurs in boxing).
	www.merck.com /pubs/mmanual_ha/sidebars/sb30_3.html (141 words)

	Parkinsonism & Legal Rights of Welders (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Parkinson's disease is an idiopathic, relentlessly progressive, neurologic disorder manifested clinically by tremor, bradykinesia, rigidity, and postural instability.
		Within Parkinson's disease, there are different subgroups with relatively specific clinical patterns.
		'Lower body' parkinsonism, a condition in which upper body motor function is relatively preserved while gait is markedly impaired, is often associated with multiple lacunar infarctions and may represent one form of vascular parkinsonism.
	www.monheit.com /manganism/Topics/Parkinsonism.htm (145 words)

	Medical Dictionary: Secondary Parkinsonism - WrongDiagnosis.com
		The charactistic symptom of Parkinson's is uncontrollable shaking called tremor, usually starting in the hands.
		In many cases the cause is unclear, but Secondary Parkinson's disease can occur can be caused by various underlying causes such as brain injury or certain brain infections.
		Parkinson's Disease: Parkinson disease, first described by James Parkinson in 1817, is a growing national problem, with more than half a million Americans affected at any one time.
	www.wrongdiagnosis.com /medical/secondary_parkinsonism.htm (351 words)

	Parkinsonism - The Doctors Lounge(TM)
		There are other idiopathic (of unknown cause) conditions as Parkinson's disease that may cause Parkinsonism.
		Secondary Parkinsonism (or briefly Parkinsonism) is a term used for a symptom constellation that is similar to that of Parkinson's disease but is caused by other disorders or medications.
		Major reasons for secondary Parkinsonism are stroke, encephalitis, narcotics, toxins and carbon monoxide poisoning.
	www.doctorslounge.com /neurology/diseases/parkinsonism.htm (319 words)

	Manbir Online...Parkinsonism
		Selegiline (Eldepryl) is used in late Parkinsonism to enhance the action of L-dopa and to reduce motor fluctuations.
		Drug induced parkinsonism responds to withdrawal of the drug but the symptoms may continue for some time.
		Although in parkinsonism the number of dopamine releasing terminals in the striatum is diminished it is possible to overdrive the remaining neurons to produce more dopamine by administering DOPA.
	www.manbir-online.com /parkinso2.htm (361 words)

	Parkinsonism: Not always caused by Parkinson's disease - MayoClinic.com
		The term "parkinsonism" refers to a disorder with any combination of the movement abnormalities seen in Parkinson's disease resulting from the loss of dopamine-containing nerve cells.
		Parkinson's disease is the most common cause of parkinsonism.
		However, in the early stages of a disease, it may be difficult to know if an individual with parkinsonism has Parkinson's disease or another condition that mimics it.
	www.mayoclinic.com /health/parkinsonism/AN01178 (313 words)

	Alibris: Parkinsonism
		Parkinson's Disease has been the subject of some of the most exciting medical discoveries made in recent years, and nowadays most of its symptoms can be controlled.
		The subject is covered from a clinical, morphological and biochemical point of view and the diversity of terminology for dementia with Parkinsons Disease is emphasized.
		Parkinson's Disease in the Older Patient is a comprehensive guide to the holistic assessment and the management of older patients with this disease.
	www.alibris.com /search/books/subject/Parkinsonism (691 words)

	Parkinson's disease (www.whonamedit.com)
		Parkinson’s disease is the most common neurological disease of high age.
		It was originally defined by Parkinson as “involuntary tremulus motion, with lessened muscular power, in parts not in action and even when supported, with a propensity to bend the trunk forward, and to pass from walking to a running pace, the essence of intellect being unaffected.”
		The term Parkinson's disease was first used by the French neurologist Jean-Martin Charcot (1825-1893).
	www.whonamedit.com /synd.cfm/396.html (239 words)

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