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Topic: Paroxysmal attacks

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	Paroxysmal Hemicrania Information Page: National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS)
		Paroxysmal hemicrania is a rare form of headache that usually begins in adulthood.
		Attacks of paroxysmal hemicrania typically occur from 5 to 40 times per day and last 2 to 45 minutes.
		Patients with both paroxysmal hemicrania and trigeminal neuralgia (a condition of the 5th cranial nerve that causes sudden, severe pain typically felt on one side of the jaw or cheek) should receive treatment for each disorder.
	www.ninds.nih.gov /disorders/paroxysmal_hemicrania/paroxysmal_hemicrania.htm (426 words)

	Paroxysmal attacks - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Paroxysmal attacks in various disorders have been reported extensively and ephaptic transmission of demyelinated nerves has been presumed as one of the underlying mechanisms of this phenomenon.
		Mostly reported paroxysmal attacks are painful tonic spasms dysarthria and ataxia, numbness and hemiparesis.
		Paroxysmal attacks of asthma and their prevention Asthma as paroxysmal neurogenic inflammatory disease.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Paroxysmal_attacks (210 words)

	WE MOVE - Overview of Dyskinesias (Paroxysmal)
		Paroxysmal dyskinesias are neurologic conditions characterized by sudden episodes of abnormal involuntary movements (hyperkinesias).
		Paroxysmal dyskinesias are often classified into paroxysmal kinesigenic dyskinesia (PKD) and paroxysmal non-kinesigenic dyskinesia (PNKD), based upon precipitating factors that precede or trigger the episodes of abnormal, involuntary movement.
		In contrast, in those with non-kinesigenic dyskinesia, the attacks may occur spontaneously while at rest or out of a background of normal motor activity, but may be exacerbated by alcohol or caffeine consumption, stress, fatigue, or other factors.
	www.wemove.org /pdys/pdys.html (252 words)

	Pertussis - Symptoms (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		It is during the paroxysmal stage that the diagnosis of pertussis is usually suspected.
		At the end of the paroxysm, a long inspiratory effort is usually accompanied by a characteristic high-pitched whoop.
		Paroxysmal attacks occur more frequently at night, with an average of 15 attacks per 24 hours.
	sprojects.mmi.mcgill.ca /tropmed/disease/pert/symptoms.htm (635 words)

	Paroxysmal Dyskinesia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		The underlying basis of the paroxysmal dyskinesia is under active investigation as is their relationship to epilepsy and other paroxysmal disorders [1, 2, Class III; 3].
		Paroxysmal kinesigenic dyskinesia is usually the briefest and has the highest episode frequency of the paroxysmal dyskinesias.
		Paroxysmal exertion-induced dyskinesia has been reported to be the most refractory to medical treatment of the paroxysmal dyskinesias, although the response rates of PED and PNKD are both relatively poor (approximately 25% to 30%).
	www.treatment-options.com /article.cfm?PubID=NE03-6-1-05&Type=Article&KeyWords= (3170 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Paroxysmal attacks are short, frequent and stereotyped symptoms that can be observed in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients.
		EDSS scores of patients in Group 1 at the time of the paroxysmal attacks were significantly lower than the scores at their last clinic visit, whereas there were no significant differences for other parameters.
		Our results demonstrate that paroxysmal attacks occur early in the course of the disease, when there is little or no neurologic disability and associated tissue damage.
	www.mult-sclerosis.org /news/Jan2002/MedlineParoxysmalAttacksInMS.html (183 words)

	Paroxysmal Dyskinesias
		Attacks may be so severe that they result in sudden falls or significantly interfere with walking, standing, or performing other activities of daily living (ADLs), potentially resulting in severe disability.
		Due to a number of factors--including the sudden, unpredictable, transient nature of paroxysmal dyskinesia, its response to anticonvulsant medications, and the premonitory sensations often preceding episodes--some researchers have suggested that paroxysmal dyskinesia may be epileptic in nature.
		A diagnosis of paroxysmal kinesigenic, non-kinesigenic, exertion-induced, or hypnogenic dyskinesia is based upon a thorough clinical evaluation including a complete physical and neurologic assessment; evaluation of characteristic symptoms with assessment of episode duration, frequency, and "trigger factors" or precipitants; and a careful patient and family history.
	www.angelfire.com /retro/michaelpoon168/paroxysmal_dyskinesias.htm (5093 words)

	Analysis of stimuli triggering attacks of paroxysmal dystonia induced by exertion -- Meyer et al. 70 (2): 247 -- ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Analysis of stimuli triggering attacks of paroxysmal dystonia induced by exertion -- Meyer et al.
		During the attack, the excitability of the corticospinal system supplying the forearm flexor and extensor muscle increased in parallel (coactivation) as it is reflected by the amplitudes of the motor responses elicited simultaneously by single cortex stimuli in both muscle groups (x-y plot).
		Paroxysms were not related to the execution of motor programmes as they could be elicited by brief "myoclonic" jerks.
	jnnp.bmjjournals.com /cgi/content/full/70/2/247 (2066 words)

	Dystonia Medical Research Foundation
		Paroxysmal hypnogenic dyskinesias may be classified as a form of epilepsy, not dystonia.
		History and (ideally) video documentation of the attacks are important tools toward diagnosing PD. The work-up for diagnosing paroxysmal dyskinesias may also include an electroencephalogram (a test to measure brain waves), brain imaging (such as MRI or CT scan), blood chemistries, and calcium tests.
		Paroxysmal Hypnogenic Dyskinesia (PHD) is characterized by attacks of dystonia, chorea, or ballism during non-REM sleep.
	www.dystonia-foundation.org /pages/more_info/68.php (1383 words)

	WE MOVE - Dyskinesias (Paroxysmal) - Clinical Features and Classification
		The primary finding associated with paroxysmal dyskinesia is sudden, transient attacks of chorea, athetosis, dystonia, ballismus, or any combination of these abnormal movements involving muscle groups of the arms, legs, trunk, face, and/or neck.
		The transient attacks associated with PKD primarily affect muscles of the arms and legs; however, muscles of the face, neck, and/or trunk may also be involved.
		Paroxysmal hypnogenic dyskinesia or PHD, a rare disease variant, is characterized by transient attacks of involuntary movements occurring during non-REM (NREM or non-rapid eye movement) sleep.
	www.wemove.org /pdys/pdys_cc.html (1694 words)

	Hemoglobinuria, Paroxysmal Cold
		Paroxysmal cold hemoglobinuria is a very rare autoimmune hemolytic disorder characterized by the premature destruction of healthy red blood cells minutes to hours after exposure to cold.
		Attacks of paroxysmal cold hemoglobinuria may be followed by yellowing of the skin (jaundice).
		Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria is a form of anemia resulting from defects in the membranes of red blood cells.
	hw.healthdialog.com /kbase/nord/nord776.htm (1125 words)

	Pharmainfo.net - Migraine: A Paroxysmal Disorder
		Attacks are usually unilateral (hemicrania) and are usually associated with anorexia, nausea and vomiting.
		Once the patient and his health care workers have decided how to treat acute migraine attack, preventative therapy should be considered if headache occurs three or four days a months and if headache occurs five days or more than preventative therapy must be considered (29).
		In a study with 81 patients, the attack frequency was reduced by 41.6% in magnesium group and 15.8 % in placebo groups.
	www.pharmainfo.net /exclusive/reviews/migraine:_a_paroxysmal_disorder (3778 words)

	Chronic Paroxysmal Hemicrania - New Treatments, May 2, 2007
		In 10 percent of patients, attacks may be triggered by flexing, rotating, or pressing the upper portion of the neck.
		The differential diagnosis of chronic paroxysmal hemicrania is similar to that of cluster headache.
		In the evaluation of chronic paroxysmal hemicrania, a trial of indomethacin is necessary to establish the diagnosis.
	www.ccspublishing.com /journals5a/chronic_paroxysmal_hemicrania.htm (782 words)

	Paroxysmal Hemicrania Information on Healthline
		Paroxysmal hemicrania syndromes have two forms: chronic, in which persons experience attacks on a daily basis for a year or more, and episodic, in which the headaches do not occur for months or years.
		The main feature of chronic paroxysmal hemicrania is frequent attacks of strictly one-sided severe pain localized in or around the eye or temple regions, lasting from 2–45 minutes in duration, and occurring 2–40 times per day.
		Episodic paroxysmal hemicrania involves attacks of severe pain in the eye or temple area that last about one to 30 minutes, with a frequency of three or more events per day, and clear intervals between bouts of attacks that may last from months to years.
	www.healthline.com /galecontent/paroxysmal-hemicrania (761 words)

	Paroxysmal Supraventricular Tachycardia Information
		Attacks begin and end abruptly and may last a few seconds to several hours or longer.
		Paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia may result from digitalis toxicity and then is commonly associated with atrioventricular block.
		The most common mechanism for paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia is reentry, which may be initiated or terminated by a fortuitously timed atrial or ventricular premature beat.
	www.diseasesatoz.com /paroxysmal-supraventricular-tachycardia.htm (383 words)

	Paroxysm - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		a seizure, spasm, cramp, sudden attack of pain
		an increase of symptoms or periodic attacks of a disease (such as malaria, asthma, migraine, trigeminal neuralgia, tachycardia, whooping cough, and epilepsy.)
		Bronchial Asthma as Paroxysmal Disease Common mechanisms of asthma with other neurogenic paroxysmal diseases.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Paroxysm (87 words)

	eMedicine - Chronic Paroxysmal Hemicrania : Article by Manish K Singh, MD
		CPH attacks are accompanied by autonomic symptoms, mostly on the same side as the pain, such as red eyes, tearing, nasal congestion, and sometimes rhinorrhea.
		Occasionally, attacks may be provoked mechanically by bending or rotating the head and by applying external pressure against the transverse processes of C4-C5, C2 root, or the greater occipital nerve.
		Drummond PD: Thermographic and pupillary asymmetry in chronic paroxysmal hemicrania.
	www.emedicine.com /NEURO/topic67.htm (4794 words)

	[No title]
		That determination established service-connection for paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia, and a 10 percent evaluation was assigned from January 1992.
		Paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia is manifest by infrequent attacks.
		When all the evidence is assembled, the VA is responsible for determining whether the evidence supports the claim or is in relative equipoise, with the veteran prevailing in either event, or whether the fair preponderance of the evidence is against the claim, in which case, the claim is denied.
	www.va.gov /vetapp/files2/9412208.txt (1351 words)

	Multiple Sclerosis
		Hyperventilation may precipitate paroxysmal attacks, which are clusters of symptoms that may occur early in the course of MS.
		Paroxysmal attacks are brief recurrent episodes of tingling or other strange sensations associated with muscle contraction.
		A person with MS is more likely to become disabled if he or she has frequent attacks initially, if the disease develops after the age of 40, or if the cerebellum or bundle of neurons called the pyramidal tract—both parts of the brain involved in controlling movement—are affected early in the disease.
	www.pdrhealth.com /patient_education/BHG01NE10.shtml (2273 words)

	Increased ictal perfusion of the thalamus in paroxysmal kinesigenic dyskinesia -- Shirane et al. 71 (3): 408 -- Journal ...
		Increased ictal perfusion of the thalamus in paroxysmal kinesigenic dyskinesia -- Shirane et al.
		Subtraction of interictal CBF from ictal CBF disclosed
		Paroxysmal kinesigenic dyskinesia is a disease characterised by episodes of dyskinesia triggered by quick voluntary movement.
	jnnp.bmj.com /cgi/content/full/71/3/408 (1691 words)

	Student Lecture on Migraine (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		This condition may be broadly defined as a transient or permanent monocular visual disturbance accompanying a migraine attack or occurring in an individual with a strong history of migrainous episodes.
		While a definite diagnosis of migraine was impossible to prove, the mode of onset, the associated headache, the relatively brief duration of the attack, the family history of migraine, the occurrence of other attacks more typically migrainous, and the absence of all neurologic abnormality between episodes made the diagnosis of migraine most likely.
		Trigeminal neuralgia or tic douloureux is a facial pain characterized by repetitive attacks of lightening-like jabs of lancinating pain in the maxillary and mandibular divisions of the trigeminal nerve.
	www.med.usf.edu /NEURO/migraine.htm (5235 words)

	Medico-Chirurgical Transactions
		This soon developed into attacks of a paroxysmal character, which gradually became more pronounced and frequent, and continued to occur at irregular intervals.
		For two and a half years, although maintaining his robust health, he was subject to daily recurrences of the paroxysmal twitchings of the left side of the face without loss of consciousness, and also to the more severe general convulsive seizures with loss of consciousness, which occurred on an average about once a month.
		During residence in the hospital the attacks of paroxysmal twitchings of the muscles were frequently observed.
	info.med.yale.edu /library/neurosurgery/html/MedChTr1885_68.htm (9506 words)

	A new family with paroxysmal exercise induced dystonia and migraine: a clinical and genetic study -- Münchau et ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		A new family with paroxysmal exercise induced dystonia and migraine: a clinical and genetic study -- Münchau et al.
		Attacks in all affected family members fulfil the criteria of PED as outlined in earlier reports.
		Autosomal recessive rolandic epilepsy with paroxysmal exercise-induced dystonia and writer's cramp: delineation of the syndrome and gene mapping to chromosome 16p12-11.2.
	jnnp.bmjjournals.com /cgi/content/full/68/5/609 (3203 words)

	Health: Health Advisory #9: Pertussis Case Contacts [10/10/03]
		Pertussis, or whooping cough, is an acute infectious disease caused by the bacterium Bordetella pertussis.
		At the end of the paroxysm, a long inspiratory effort may be accompanied by a characteristic high-pitched whoop.
		Paroxysmal attacks occur more frequently at night, with an average of 15 attacks per 24 hours.
	www.dsf.health.state.pa.us /health/cwp/view.asp?A=190&Q=235392 (1301 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Paroxysmal respiration is often described as a "reverse sneeze" because it really does look as if a dog is trying to inhale a sneeze when this occurs.
		Dogs have a condition called "paroxysmal respiration" that may be what you are describing.
		There is a condition known as paroxysmal respiration (also referred to as a "reverse sneeze" that may be what you are seeing.
	www.vetinfo.com /drevsnz.html (1580 words)

	CIGNA - Hemoglobinuria, Paroxysmal Cold
		Paroxysmal cold hemoglobinuria is a very rare autoimmune hemolytic disorder characterized by the premature destruction of healthy red blood cells minutes to hours after exposure to cold.
		Attacks of paroxysmal cold hemoglobinuria may be followed by yellowing of the skin (jaundice).
		Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria is a form of anemia resulting from defects in the membranes of red blood cells.
	www.cigna.com /healthinfo/nord776.html (1173 words)

	Evaluation of vestibular functions in children with vertigo attacks -- Uneri and Turkdogan 88 (6): 510 -- Archives of ...
		to be benign paroxysmal vertigo of childhood (BPVC).
		Vertigo attacks are less dramatic in children compared to adults.
		Paroxysmal positional vertigo: a study of 255 cases.
	adc.bmj.com /cgi/content/full/88/6/510 (1259 words)

	MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia: Paroxysmal cold hemoglobinuria (PCH)
		Paroxysmal cold hemoglobinuria is a condition in which antibodies are formed that attack a specific type of blood cell.
		Recovery from the attacks is very quick, and people with this disease do not experience symptoms between episodes.
		Usually, the attacks end as soon as the affected cells are no longer in circulation.
	www.nlm.nih.gov /medlineplus/ency/article/000557.htm (414 words)

	Whooping Cough Symptoms
		Coughing attacks, up to 15 coughs in a row, that end with a high-pitched whoop sound as you gasp for air.
		In adults, symptoms of whooping cough may resemble those of bronchitis, a respiratory infection that causes a nagging cough.
		Infants younger than 6 months of age may not have the strength to have a whoop, but they do have paroxysms of coughing.
	www.symptoms-4u.com /whooping-cough.htm (826 words)

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