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Topic: Participatory democracy

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	NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Participatory democracy (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		Participatory democracy is a broadly inclusive term for many kinds of consultative decision making which require consultation on important decisions by those who will carry out the decision.
		Workplace democracy is an application of methods generally used in politics in the economic enterprise, including the election or hiring of management by workers.
		Democracy is often implemented as a form of government in which policy is decided by the preference of the real majority (as opposed to a partial or relative majority of the demos/citizens) in a decision-making process, usually elections or referenda, open to all or most citizens.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Participatory-democracy (1869 words)

	Participatory democracy - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Participatory democracy is a broadly inclusive term for many kinds of consultative decision making which require consultation on important decisions by those who will carry out the decision.
		Participatory politics or Parpolity is a long-range political theory that also incorporates many of the above and strives to create a political system that will allow people to participate in politics, as much as possible in a face-to-face manner.
		Workplace democracy is an application of methods generally used in politics in the economic enterprise, including the election or hiring of management by workers.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Participatory_democracy (390 words)

	Highbeam Encyclopedia - Search Results for Participatory democracy (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		Participatory democracy is direct democracy, in the sense that all citizens are actively involved in all important decisions.
		democracy So many political systems and ideologies claim the virtue of democracy that the word has become virtually meaningless in its everyday use; the label is used to legitimize almost every kind of political power arrangement.
		The Failure of the Participatory Democracy in the Czech Republic.
	www.encyclopedia.com /SearchResults.aspx?Q=Participatory+democracy (1193 words)

	Democracy - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Democracy is often implemented as a form of government in which policy is decided by the preference of the real majority (as opposed to a partial or relative majority of the demos/citizens) in a decision-making process, usually elections or referenda, open to all or most citizens.
		In modern democracies, the territory is the nation-state, and since this corresponds (in theory) with the homeland of the nation, the demos and the reach of the democratic process neatly coincide.
		Liberal democracy is, strictly speaking, a form of representative democracy where the political power of the government is moderated by a constitution which protects the rights and freedoms of individuals and minorities (also called constitutional liberalism).
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Democracy (7119 words)

	Transborder Participatory Democracy
		Transborder participatory democracy is (a) worldwide democracy practiced by the people of the world and (b) the right of the people to participate in any decisions that affect them, regardless of where those decisions are made.
		Transborder participatory democracy is a new principle, by which not the state but the people themselves can emerge as the chief actors in determining the course of world politics and economics.
		In the regional level [transborder participatory democracy] means the weaving of autonomous community development initiatives from different parts of [the region] through the process of continous dialogue and discourses, sharing of skills and knowledge learned from empowerment experiences and the use of the potentials of advanced, information based technologies.
	www.co-intelligence.org /CIPol_TrnsbrdrParticDem.html (1421 words)

	Participatory Democracy versus Elitist Democracy: Lessons from Brazil Latin American Politics and Society - Find ...
		Nylen thus does not argue for replacing representative democracy with participatory democracy, but sees the latter as a complementary corrective with the potential to reverse the tide of civic disengagement and break down the walls of elitist democracy.
		Recognizing that participatory democracy is not a panacea, Nylen still claims that it could serve as "a blueprint for a necessary democratic revival in the twenty-first century" (12).
		The active pursuit of empowerment through participatory democracy became possible for the PT and the other parties of the New Left in Latin America with the wave of democratization that swept the region in the 1980s.
	findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_qa4000/is_200504/ai_n13498180 (851 words)

	Latin American Politics and Society: Participatory Democracy versus Elitist Democracy: Lessons from Brazil
		Nylen thus does not argue for replacing representative democracy with participatory democracy, but sees the latter as a complementary corrective with the potential to reverse the tide of civic disengagement and break down the walls of elitist democracy.
		Recognizing that participatory democracy is not a panacea, Nylen still claims that it could serve as "a blueprint for a necessary democratic revival in the twenty-first century" (12).
		The active pursuit of empowerment through participatory democracy became possible for the PT and the other parties of the New Left in Latin America with the wave of democratization that swept the region in the 1980s.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_qa4000/is_200504/ai_n13498180 (1318 words)

	ZNet \| Activism \| Participatory Democracy in Venezuela
		According to Roland Denis, favorable conditions[1] for the implementation of a participatory democratic model do not exist for three reasons.Â First, the geographic divisions of the municipalities and districts are inconsistent with the idea of participatory democracy and actually impede participation.
		Despite democratically electing neighborhood officials, democratically voting on laws or budgets, in essence fulfilling the requirements of a participatory democracy, those with the last word in the matter are the elected officials of representative democracy.
		Participatory democracy in Venezuela still remains at a theoretical stage.Â No country yet dared to initiate the necessary political changes required to transcend existing representative democracies at a national level.
	www.zmag.org /content/print_article.cfm?itemID=6814§ionID=1 (1743 words)

	rabble news - everyone's a critic
		The Iroquois had a model of participatory democracy that was at least as sophisticated as the Greek Agora.
		Participatory democracy allows for listening, which is a precondition for learning.
		A participatory budget has the potential to nurture a public sphere that is not necessarily an appendix of the state, a sphere controlled by the local communities who collaborate and negotiate with the state and with the business sector.
	www.rabble.ca /rabble_interview.shtml?sh_itm=e48dde15c2a9b91de0db4cf72adb1fc7 (2496 words)

	Search Results for "Participatory democracy"
		...for post-Vietnam War America and called for students to join in a movement to establish "participatory democracy." It was not until later in the decade, however,...
		But many of them were interested in Maoism, and they spoke strongly for participatory democracy.
		SDS advocated participatory democracy and economic justice, criticizing corporate-military...
	www.bartleby.com /cgi-bin/texis/webinator/sitesearch?FILTER=&query=Participatory+democracy (161 words)

	[No title]
		This openness is an important precursor to practicing participatory democracy by asking for the opinions of everyone and treating these various opinions equally.
		The Port Huron Statement called for the implementation of participatory democracy as a way to bring people back into decisions about the country in general, and their individual lives, in particular.
		Having a democracy in which you have an apathetic citizenship, spoon-fed information by a monolithic media, periodically voting, was very weak, a declining form of democracy.
	www.columbia.edu /~hauben/CS/netdemocracy-60s.txt (4682 words)

	Citizen Power and Venezuela’s Local Public Planning Councils
		The broader significance of participatory democracy is that it addresses social exclusions and incomplete citizenship through the increased accountability of elected officials to the citizens by directly involving the latter in the political arena, redistributing power by expanding popular deliberation and participation in policy areas and redirecting revenue to address the concerns of the people.
		Since the implementation of participatory budgeting, considerable headway has been made in empowering citizens by directly involving them in the political process and in delegating them the authority to make the final decision as to where the revenue of the annual budget is allocated.
		Although participatory budgeting is unable to completely solve the massive poverty which plagues Brazil, an active and informed civil society is widely regarded as playing an unqualifiable positive role in the deepening of democracy.
	venezuelanalysis.com /articles.php?artno=1314 (2182 words)

	Fórum Social Mundial
		The vitality of social movements and the emergence of civil society on a global scale are widening the scope of politics and participatory democracy.
		Political parties in democracies are by definition instruments of expression and means of exercising political management over forces and coalitions of social forces; however, they are also the instruments for winning and wielding power in societies.
		Hence, democracy is only viable if it fuels powerful movements and tangible forms of political representation by parties, otherwise, it simply boils down to a simple corporative demand made by a movement.
	www.forumsocialmundial.org.br /dinamic.php?pagina=mesadc3_ing (885 words)

	PARTICIPATORY DEMOCRACY AND THE BUDGET
		This paper argues that the challenge for those concerned with promoting participatory democracy and participatory forms of development is not simply to oppose the liberal paradigm and to promote a more radical, leftist or rightwing approach.
		There is a close conceptual relationship between the concept of a unitary state with a fiscal federal structure and the concept of co-operative governance with this understanding of participatory democracy.
		In the context of participatory democracy, political space created by this convergence of ideas creates a natural opportunity for greater participation in the development of the budget.
	www.anc.org.za /ancdocs/pubs/umrabulo/umrabulo19/budget.html (4258 words)

	International Cooperative Information Center: Joint Project on Participatory Democracy (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		Participatory democracy is highlighted in the social report which all local co-operatives undertake, and is reported annually.
		We believe that the co-operative identity will be established by developing human resources with participatory democracy directed toward realising the vision of the ideal co-op as well as the vision of the new society.
		We found that wherever participatory democracy was working, co-ops were fulfilling the needs of their members.
	www.wisc.edu /uwcc/icic/orgs/ica/pubs/review/ICA-Review-Vol--88-No--4--19951/Joint-Project-on-Participatory-Democracy1.html (2820 words)

	Participatory democracy - Biocrawler (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		Participatory democracy is a broadly inclusive term for many kinds of consultative decision making in a democracy.
		Direct Access Democracy (http://www.etches.net) — the superimposition of direct democracy elements onto the representative system.
		Voting methods resource page (http://fc.antioch.edu/~james_green-armytage/voting.htm) Includes a proposal for participatory democracy by means of a delegable proxy system.
	www.biocrawler.com /encyclopedia/Participatory_democracy (134 words)

	ZNet \|Vision & Strategy \| A Comparison of Economic Democracy and Participatory Economics
		In Economic Democracy, as in capitalism, all workplaces apart from the public sector are subject to the profit motive and all goods and services are bought and sold on the market.
		Schweickart sees participatory allocation as placing an unnecessary burden on consumers, since he feels that, when there is a fair income distribution, the market enables consumers to buy what they desire when they want to, rather than having to attend various meetings and get approval for one's choices from others.
		Participatory Economics is a model in which indicative prices are meant to accurately reflect social costs and benefits, thus externalities are to be managed within the economic system.
	www.zmag.org /content/showarticle.cfm?SectionID=41&ItemID=7779 (5617 words)

	A sense of the masses - a manifesto for the new revolution (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		Participatory democracy demands a new form of political party, a new type of politician.
		Representative democracy's legitimacy stems from the minimal but equal participation of all through the vote, whereas the legitimacy of participatory democracy lies in the high degree of activity of what is likely to be a minority through institutions that are transparent, open to all and based on mutually agreed rules.
		Participatory democracy is best illustrated in Porto Alegre in Brazil, Zapatistas in Chiapas (Mexico) and the Piqueteras in Argentina.
	www.heureka.clara.net /gaia/democracy.htm (7266 words)

	Participatory democracy (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		Participatory democracy is a broadly inclusive term for many kinds of consultative decision-making[?] in a democracy.
		Direct democracy and representative democracy are not generally considered participatory.
		Bioregional democracy often is, but that isn't necessary to its definition.
	www.explainthis.info /pa/participatory-democracy.html (119 words)

	Document
		The participatory budgeting (henceforth PB) is a structure and a process of community participation based on three major principles and on a set of institutions that function as mechanisms or channels of sustained popular participation in the decision-making process of the municipal government.
		Indeed, even in such a vibrant participatory environment, there is no guarantee that representation may not be thwarted, either because the principles of the mandate are not respected and the priorities decided by the assemblies are manipulated, or because representation becomes professionalized when a delegate holds the post for too long.
		Participatory democracy, in particular, in complex political processes always presupposes the creation of instances of delegation and representation.
	www.ssc.wisc.edu /~wright/santosweb.html (18662 words)

	eKantipur.com - Nepal's No.1 News Portal
		According to Gandhi, the view of participatory democracy is a long-term politics of movement that withdraws legitimacy to the hegemonic and exclusionary structures of political power.
		Democracy is related to people’s power that can be realised through periodic elections.
		The discriminatory role of the state that is being practiced since the beginning of the present Nepali state is also against the participatory democracy.
	www.kantipuronline.com /kolnews.php?&nid=8825 (1082 words)

	POLIT: PARTICIPATORY DEMOCRACY SOURCE: Participatory democracy - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Participatory democracy is a process emphasizing the broad involvement of constituents in the direction and operation of
		Participatory democracy is a process emphasizing the broad involvement of constituents in the direction and operation of political systems.
		Participatory democracy strives to create opportunities for all members of a political group to make meaningful contributions to decisionmaking, and seeks to broaden the range of people who have access to such opportunities.
	www.hi.is /~joner/eaps/polit_Democracy_Participatory.htm (914 words)

	SCADPlus: The Union's founding principles
		This title comprises eight articles on, respectively, representative democracy, participatory democracy, transparency, access to documents, protection of personal data, the European Ombudsman, and the role of the social partners and the churches.
		Participatory democracy becomes one of the principles on which the working of the Union is founded.
		Nevertheless, it is a major innovation which means that, for the first time, the idea of participatory democracy has been brought into the European political arena.
	www.europa.eu /scadplus/constitution/democracy_en.htm (964 words)

	[www-features-ongoing] ALT: political alternatives--direct, participatory democracy
		I think we could consolidate it and use it as the direct democracy section of the feature itself, placing further links leading to more information about direct democracy throughout, and/or we could link to it after you post it to an indymedia newswire.
		Not if we define >>³democracy² as a system in which people are able to participate in making >>the decisions that affect their lives in proportion to how those decisions >>affect them.
		Participatory because everyone, in so far as they >>wish, would be able to become actively involved in debates, committees, >>administrative bodies, etc. as the decisions are being made and >>implemented.
	lists.indymedia.org /mailman/public/www-features-ongoing/2001-September/000049.html (1566 words)

	New Socialist Magazine, Participatory Democracy And The Left - Article
		The limits of liberal democracy are glaringly apparent, especially in an age of global capitalist expansionism.
		Participatory democracy is most effective when it is linked to a mobilizing perspective of organized mass movements for social change.
		Participatory democracy, used as away to mobilize and empower, can be an important means to impose a partial agenda contrary to the will of capital.
	www.newsocialist.org /magazine/35/article07.html (1162 words)

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