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Topic: Paruresis

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	Paruresis - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Paruresis (IPA [paɹ jə 'ɹi: sɪs]), also known as pee shyness, shy kidney, bashful bladder, or shy bladder syndrome is a type of social anxiety disorder, that can affect both men and women, in which the sufferer is unable to urinate in the (real or imaginary) presence of others, such as in a public restroom.
		Paruresis goes beyond simple shyness, embarrassment, or desire for privacy in that it is much more severe and may cause unnecessary inconvenience, because the inability to urinate, although psychological in origin, is physical in its effect, and not under the control of the sufferer.
		The term Paruresis was coined by Williams and Degenhart (1954) in their paper "Paruresis: a survey of a disorder of micturition" in the Journal of Psychology 51:19-29.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Paruresis (937 words)

	Paruresis - shy bladder syndrome - Better Health Channel.
		Paruresis is believed to be a common type of social phobia, ranking second only to the fear of public speaking.
		Severe paruresis can affect a person’s life in a similar way to agoraphobia, which is anxiety about being in places or situations from which escape seems difficult (typically, fear of crowds or being outside the home).
		Paruresis is not a physical condition because nothing is wrong with the person’s urinary tract.
	www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au /bhcv2/bhcarticles.nsf/pages/Paruresis_shy_bladder_syndrome?Open (1156 words)

	CME Reviews
		The point prevalence of paruresis was found to be 14% in a survey of 1,419 college students (1,008 men, 411 women).
		Paruresis also differs from other emotionally influenced forms of urinary retention, which are more chronic, seen mostly in children, and often leading to structural damage and incontinence.
		Paruresis may present as an inability to void in public restrooms, and may lead to a generalized avoidance response.
	www.angelfire.com /journal2/sadhelp/cme.htm (2395 words)

	UrologyHealth.org - Adult Conditions - Bladder - Paruresis (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		Paruresis, often referred to as bashful or "shy bladder" syndrome, is a phobia that involves fear and avoidance of using public bathrooms and an intermittent idiopathic form of urinary retention.
		Paruresis can afflict a toddler in preschool, a child in early or late adolescence, or even a person in mid to late adulthood.
		While some paruretics cannot point to any specific triggering incident, others believe their ailment was triggered by a traumatic incident that happened prior to or during adolescence including embarrassment by a parent, teasing by classmates or siblings, harassment in public bathrooms or sexual abuse.
	www.urologyhealth.org /adult/index.cfm?cat=03&topic=410 (1899 words)

	A Few Notes on Paruresis by Christopher J. McCullough Ph.D
		In regard to paruresis I believe that there is also a power/powerlessness relationship at the urinal so the psychotherapeutic focus in my work with clients with paruresis is to build or rebuild a since of power in their interaction with others.
		For example, paruresis is considered by many to be a "Social Anxiety" or "Social Phobia." However, many who experience difficulty urinating in the presence of others are not anxious at all.
		Paruresis, seen as a symptom, however, holds the promise that by addressing the issues which underlie it, one can greatly enhance the quality of their life.
	www.paruresis.org /notes_on_AP.htm (1930 words)

	Paruresis
		Paruresis, also known as pee shy, shy kidney or shy bladder syndrome, is a type of social anxiety disorder in which the sufferer is unable to urinate in the (real or imaginary) presence of others, such as in a public restroom.
		It goes beyond simple embarrassment or desire for privacy in that it is much more severe and may cause unnecessary inconvenience, because the inability to urinate, although psychological in origin, is physical in its effect, and not under the control of the sufferer.
		From 1st August 2005, the guidance on the rules relating to the testing of those on probation in the UK, explicity cites paruresis as a valid reason for inability to produce a sample which is not to be construed as a refusal.
	www.mrsci.com /Urology/Paruresis.php (403 words)

	Don't look now ... you may have a bashful bladder - smh.com.au
		The clinical term is paruresis, but you might know it as stage fright.
		He conducts workshops for paruretics and is the co-author of a self-help guide to overcoming paruresis.
		Soifer, who was in Australia to present on paruresis at last month's World Federation of Mental Health congress in Melbourne, estimates 1.4 million Australian men and women are paruretics.
	www.smh.com.au /articles/2003/03/05/1046826432492.html (679 words)

	Avoidant paruresis ('bashful bladder' syndrome)
		Avoidant paruresis (also known as 'bashful bladder' syndrome or psychogenic urinary retention) is a social anxiety disorder that involves the inability to pass urine in the presence of others.
		The cause of avoidant paruresis is unknown, although a combination of inherent biological factors and factors in the patient's social environment seem likely to play a part.
		Individuals with avoidant paruresis that is significantly affecting their employment and domestic activities are classified as having a non-generalised social phobia.
	www.netdoctor.co.uk /menshealth/Facts/paruresis.htm (646 words)

	Paruresis - UPCMedicalDirectory
		The aim of this homepage is to centralize information about paruresis in the different European and World languages.
		Avoidant paruresis (also known as \'bashful bladder\' syndrome or psychogenic urinary retention) is a social anxiety disorder that involves the inability to pass...
		Paruresis - bladder shyness - affects millions of people - mostly men.
	www.upcmd.com /?First=Paruresis (133 words)

	Hypnotherapy / Hypnosis to cure a Shy Bladder (Paruresis)
		For once, we in the UK are well ahead of our friends in the land of the brave and the home of the free; some of them are not feeling very brave or very free.
		There is no cure for paruresis because it is not so much the problem as it is a very disruptive symptom of the problem.
		If you have paruresis, you will probably be very frustrated; you may have tried so many ways to escape its grip and still suffer from its control over your life.
	www.marksb.info /html/shy.html (352 words)

	Shy Bladder (Paruresis) information on MedicineNet.com
		If you're one of the 17 million Americans with shy bladder syndrome, or paruresis -- especially if you're one of the estimated 1 to 2 million whose social and professional lives are severely hampered by it -- the scenario is all too familiar.
		While both sexes are susceptible to paruresis, "nine of 10 who come in for treatment are men," says Soifer.
		Our society is difficult for anyone prone to paruresis, but particularly for men, says Tom Seehof, a 75-year old recovering paruretic who suffered silently for years, but now runs the California branch of the IPA's support group network.
	www.medicinenet.com /script/main/art.asp?articlekey=50871 (872 words)

	International Paruresis Association Home Page
		This site is provided as a resource for people who find it difficult or impossible to urinate in the presence of others, either in their own home or in public facilities.
		Often referred to as Pee-Shy, Shy-Bladder, Bashful Bladder, etc., avoidant paruresis is nothing to be ashamed of, and you have made an important step simply by coming to this website.
		IPA is the only organization on the planet (perhaps in the Universe?!) that is working to help YOU overcome the embarrassment, stigma and problem of paruresis in your life.
	www.paruresis.org (740 words)

	Health Report - 24 March 2003 - Paruresis or Shy Bladder Syndrome
		People who suffer from Paruresis of Shy Bladder Syndrome find it difficult or impossible to urinate in the presence of others, either in public toilets or in their own homes.
		But what he hasn't, at least I don't think he does, is paruresis.
		It seemed to have been a reaction to some medications that his doctor gave him and then it just sort of self-spiralled into paruresis.
	www.abc.net.au /rn/healthreport/stories/2003/815781.htm (1549 words)

	united kingdom paruresis trust
		This anxiety based condition used to be listed under the category of Social Phobia, but it is now preferred to refer to paruresis as a Social Anxiety Disorder.
		The condition is also known by a number of other names including "avoidant paruresis", "shy bladder syndrome" and "pee shyness".
		We are a group of people who have suffered with avoidant paruresis.
	www.shybladder.org.uk (247 words)

	Don't Be Shy (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		Smith suffers from shy bladder syndrome (paruresis), a condition characterized by trouble using a bathroom away from home.
		I was surprised to learn that 7% of the American population -- 17 million men, women and children -- have paruresis, which is recognized as a social phobia by the American Psychiatric Association.
		The good news is that those with paruresis need not suffer in silence.
	www.bottomlinesecrets.com /blpnet/article_dhn.html?article_id=34043 (750 words)

	Paruresis, Shy Bladder, Bashful Bladder, Pee Shy from BioRelief.com
		People who have paruresis find it difficult or even impossible to urinate in the presence of others in public restrooms, and even in their own homes.
		Paruresis is a social anxiety order that can be linked to depression, obsessive-compulsive disorders and panic attacks.
		The male and female external catheters are worn and concealed comfortably under the clothes, with a tube leading to a leg bag that collects and stores the urine for disposal later.
	www.biorelief.com /paruresis.html (480 words)

	Shy Bladder During Drug Test Gets Some Workers Fired (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		Their problem, a little-known phobia known as paruresis or shy bladder syndrome, isn't new.
		Some employers have ordered workers to undergo examination by a doctor to determine if blockage of the urinary tract might be to blame.
		But experts say paruresis is psychological, not physical, and that it is far more widespread than most people realize.
	www.cleartest.com /testinfo/drug_testing_shy_bladder.htm (897 words)

	Salon Health & Body \| Bashful bladders (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		To have paruresis is to have a hard time urinating in the presence of other people.
		For 15 million low-level paruretics, most of them men, this means pretty much what it sounds like it means: You can't get going if there's someone at the next urinal, or beside you at the trough.
		Witness the following entry from the paruresis Web site : "I keep a half-gallon pitcher in a closet and if my roommate is home, I urinate in the locked closet and empty the pitcher when he leaves." According to Soifer, most paruretics can't even urinate near their spouses.
	www.salon.com /health/col/roac/1999/05/21/shy_bladder (747 words)

	paruresis - Frappr Maps
		Paruresis (par-YOU-ree-sis) is a psychological disorder that involves the urinary system.
		Often called "Bashful Blader Syndrome" A type of social phobia, meaning the paruretic is usually shy and fears urinating in a public restroom.
		Paruresis has affected my life in all aspects of day to day life, right now my Paruresis controls me, but hopefully one day I will control it!
	www.frappr.com /paruresis (381 words)

	COURTTV.COM - TOP NEWS - A shy bladder can be a job liability
		Earlier this year, a judge in Massachusetts recently granted relief to a prisoner with Shy Bladder Syndrome who spent 30 days in solitary confinement for failing to produce a urine sample in the time allotted.
		In New Mexico, a jury awarded a doctor a quarter of a million dollars for egregious treatment for a paruresis sufferer during a urination drug test in March.
		The International Paruresis Association is pushing the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services and the Department of Transportation to revise their regulations and allow for alternative drug testing for people with paruresis.
	www.courttv.com /news/2004/0701/shybladder_ctv.html (967 words)

	Health Report - 24/3/2003: Paruresis or Shy Bladder Syndrome
		Still to come, Tim Bowden, who wishes there was a vaccine for what he has.
		Well cross your legs and listen to President and co-founder of the International Paruresis Association, Dr Steven Soifer from the University of Maryland in Baltimore.
		And I’ve also heard of age onset at the age of around 4, and I’ve treated a gentleman who’s a lawyer, a barrister in the Boston area, who had age onset at 44.
	www.abc.net.au /rn/talks/8.30/helthrpt/stories/s815781.htm (1529 words)

	About Avoidant Paruresis
		We are a group of professional people, people who suffer from paruresis, and some who have recovered.
		You should also have a doctor, urologist, psychologist or psychiatrist document your condition, and pay for an independent drug test immediately after being unable to provide a urine sample to protect your rights and be useful as evidence in court.
		But beyond that, it is important that you take action in changing the conditions that contribute to paruresis in the first place.
	www.paruresis.org /about_avoidant_paruresis.htm (3573 words)

	U.K. PARURESIS TRUST: Overnight in Hospital
		Another important factor in not experiencing a problem was when filling out the admission form I wrote that I suffered from Hypertension and Paruresis, fully expecting to be asked, “What’s Paruresis?” and of course I was asked.
		This gave me the opportunity to explain my situation and to actually educate someone working in the medical field, she had not heard of Paruresis but was quite interested and asked me a lot of questions.
		Before finding the IPA and PAA sites and without the support of others, the attendance at the workshops, or the regular practice sessions I would not voluntarily have gone to hospital, yet I realize that as you get older the probability of having to go to hospital increases.
	members.boardhost.com /paruresisUK/msg/1162709238.html (663 words)

	United Kingdom Paruresis Association (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		Sufferers are often called Avoidant Paruretics (or APs for short), meaning that their paruresis manifests itself in avoiding the situations that inhibit them from being able to pee.
		Note that no-one is cured in a weekend, but the majority make a significant start to gaining control over the condition, enabling them to see a way forward.
		The workshops are based on those run by Dr Soifer (the President of the International Paruresis Association based in the USA), and are described in his book (see Book List page).
	home.freeuk.net /apuk/home.html (1221 words)

	Shy Bladder Syndrome: A Social Phobia Or Functional Disorder Of Micturition? (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		Paruresis manifests in an inability to urinate in public restrooms followed by a considerable avoidance behavior.Recently, a study, to be published in the Journal of Anxiety Disorders (available online 8 April 2005), was initiated on the assumption that paruresis is a form of social phobia.
		Regression analysis separated by groups showed that the interference with everyday life can be mainly explained by paruretic symptoms (in the paruretic group) or by social anxiety and depressive symptoms, respectively (in the social phobic groups).
		The results suggest that this classification may not be accurate and that paruresis would be better classified as a functional disorder of micturition.
	www.medindia.net /News/view_news_main.asp?x=5466&t= (489 words)

	Overcome Shy Bladder \| HypnosisDownloads.com
		Shy bladder - or paruresis - can cause social anxiety as social events start to become a concern.
		Sufferers may endanger their health by avoiding drinking in an attempt to not need to go to the bathroom.
		The body interprets this anxiety as a sign that the environment is not safe and restricts urinary flow.
	www.hypnosisdownloads.com /downloads/hypnotherapy/shy-bladder.html?276 (346 words)

	LOLITS ON PRISON MEDICINE: PARURESIS
		For the 2nd time in 6 months, I was placed in confinement for "not providing a sample for urinalysis testing", which they do every month here in the Modality II/Behavior Modification Program that I'm enrolled in.
		I have "shy bladder", also known as Paruresis, which makes these tests difficult for me, especially when I'm required to "pee on demand" within an hour's time etc.
		It's a rather arcane rule, that is further frustrated by the Medical Department's lack of recognition to this Paruresis condition.
	www.angelfire.com /fl3/starke/paruresis.html (567 words)

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