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Topic: Parvovirus B19

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	Parvovirus B19 - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Parvovirus B19 (B19 virus) was the first (and, until 2005, only) human parvovirus to be discovered, by chance in 1975 by the Australian virologist Yvonne Cossart.
		Possibly up to 15% of all new cases of arthritis are due to parvovirus, and a history of recent contact with a patient and positive serology generally confirms the diagnosis.
		Parvovirus infection in pregnant women is associated with hydrops fetalis due to severe fetal anemia, sometimes leading to miscarriage or stillbirth.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Parvovirus_B19 (608 words)

	Parvovirus
		Parvovirus B19 infection was documented serologically in 6 patients with antibodies of IgG subclass in 6 and of IgM subclass in 1.
		Parvovirus B19 DNA and tumor necrosis factor alpha DNA were identified in the dermal and glomerular capillary endothelial cells and surrounding dermal inflammatory cells.
		Prevalence of the parvovirus B19 genome in endomyocardial biopsy specimens.
	www.thedoctorsdoctor.com /diseases/parvovirus.htm (3690 words)

	Parvoviruses, Parvovirus B19
		B19 virus is present throughout the year, in temperate climates outbreaks of infection are more common in the spring and summer.
		The common manifestation of B19 infection is a mild febrile illness with a maculopapular rash.
		B19 infection in the immunocompromized;- A B19 associated illness characterized by a persistent or a remitting and relapsing anaemia occurs in immunocompromized individuals.
	virology-online.com /viruses/Parvoviruses.htm (2100 words)

	Fifth Disease
		A human virus, parvovirus B19 is not the same parvovirus that veterinarians may be concerned about in pets, especially dogs, and it cannot be passed from humans to animals or vice versa.
		A person with parvovirus infection is most contagious before the rash appears - either during the incubation period (the time between infection and the onset of symptoms) or during the time when he or she has only mild respiratory symptoms.
		Parvovirus B19 spreads easily from person to person in fluids from the nose, mouth, and throat of someone with the infection, especially through large droplets from coughs and sneezes.
	www.kidshealth.org /parent/infections/bacterial_viral/fifth.html (1289 words)

	Parvovirus B19 May Cause Hepatitis In Kids
		Parvovirus B19 DNA has been found in the blood of some patients with unexplained hepatitis, and appears to be associated with cases of fulminant hepatitis in people with failing immune systems, according to Dr. Etienne Marc Sokal, of Cliniques Universitaires St. Luc in Brussels, Belgium, and colleagues.
		Investigating the potential link between parvovirus B19 and fulminant hepatitis in children, Sokal and colleagues studied 45 children hospitalized with the disease, and 82 children hospitalized with bile duct defects that also cause jaundice and liver damage.
		In light of their findings, however, parvovirus B19 "should be thought of as a possible cause" of fulminant hepatitis in young children.
	www.personalmd.com /news/a1998120104.shtml (360 words)

	Parvovirus B19 and Pregnancy
		Parvovirus B19, discovered in 1975, causes a usually benign, self-limited illness, erythema infectiosum, commonly known as fifth disease.
		The risk of fetal death attributable to acute parvovirus B19 infection during pregnancy is estimated to be less than 10%, ranging from 3 to 38% in different studies.
		When parvovirus B19 is circulating in a community, pregnant women working in schools, day cares, and health care and other facilities with a high likelihood of exposure should be informed of the potential effects of this infection on the pregnancy; serologic testing of exposed pregnant women should be considered to determine immune status.
	www.epi.hss.state.ak.us /bulletins/docs/b1993_12.htm (904 words)

	Current Trends Risks Associated with Human Parvovirus B19 Infection
		EI is a mild childhood illness characterized by a facial rash ("slapped cheek" appearance), and a reticulated or lacelike rash on the trunk and extremities (18).
		B19 is the primary etiologic agent causing TAC in patients with chronic hemolytic anemias (e.g., sickle cell disease, hemoglobin SC disease, hereditary spherocytosis, alpha-thalassemia, and autoimmune hemolytic anemia) (22,23).
		B19 antibody may not be detectable in immunodeficient patients with chronic B19 infection, and additional testing for B19 DNA or viral antigens may be necessary to document infection.
	wonder.cdc.gov /wonder/prevguid/m0001348/M0001348.asp (5123 words)

	Parvovirus B19 Abstracts & Publications : ViraCor Laboratories
		Renal transplant patients were screened for the presence of parvovirus B19, before transplantation and monthly for 4 months after transplantation, by means of a sensitive nested PCR assay.
		Overall, the rate of active parvovirus B19 infection in transplant subjects was low (1.42%), probably due to the high number of actively or passively immunized subjects among transplant recipients; this may also account for the asymptomatic infections observed.
		We conclude that B19 parvovirus infection is probably an underestimated disease in transplant patients.
	www.viracor.com /diagnostic-virals-parvo_links.htm (852 words)

	The Facts about Fifth Disease and Parvovirus B19
		A person infected with parvovirus B19 is contagious during the early part of the illness, before the rash appears.
		Parvovirus B19 has been found in the respiratory secretions (e.g., saliva, sputum, or nasal mucus) of infected persons before the onset of rash, when they appear to "just have a cold." The virus is probably spread from person to person by direct contact with those secretions, such as sharing drinking cups or utensils.
		Parvovirus B19 infection may cause a serious illness in persons with sickle-cell disease or similar types of chronic anemia.
	healthlink.mcw.edu /article/935074789.html (968 words)

	Parvovirus B19: Facts and details from Encyclopedia Topic (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Parvovirus B19 (B19 virus) was the first human parvovirus[Click link for more facts about this topic] to be discovered, EHandler: no quick summary.
		Parvovirus infection in pregnant women is associated with hydrops fetalis hydrops fetalis quick summary:
		Hydrops fetalis is blood condition in the fetus characterized by an edema in the fetal subcutaneous tissue....
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/p/pa/parvovirus_b19.htm (1023 words)

	Transient Aplastic Crisis
		Parvovirus B19 infection in adults frequently is associated with transient arthropathy.
		Parvovirus B19 has been cultured from the respiratory tract, and is presumed to be transmitted as an aerosol.
		The diagnosis of transient aplastic crisis due to parvovirus B19 is often presumptive, based on a falling hemoglobin value and a low reticulocyte count in a patient with a hemolytic anemia.
	sickle.bwh.harvard.edu /aplastic_crisis.html (1157 words)

	Parvo.htm
		RUBELLA and PARVOVIRUS B19 are world-wide childhood illnesses caused by unrelated viruses:
		Parvovirus B19 has other unique complications in children and adults because of its tropism (predilection or affinity) for immature red cells.
		Parvovirus B19 is the only parvovirus that causes disease in man. Its name doesn't mean anything, the virus was found in unit of blood in a bloodbank, and B19 was just the batch no. for that blood.
	web.uct.ac.za /depts/mmi/jmoodie/parvo.html (2984 words)

	Parvovirus infection definition - Medical Dictionary definitions of popular medical terms (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Parvovirus infection: Infection with one of a family of small single-stranded DNA viruses.
		Parvovirus infection in childhood: The most common illness caused by parvovirus B19 is "fifth disease." It occurs most often in children.
		Parvovirus infection during pregnancy: Parvovirus B19 infection during pregnancy can cause a miscarriage or cause the baby to have unborn baby to have severe anemia.
	www.medterms.com /script/main/art.asp?articlekey=20238 (529 words)

	Parvovirus
		Parvovirus, or fifth disease, is a temporary illness caused by the virus B19.
		Parvovirus generally occurs in children between five to fifteen years of age, but can affect any age group, including adults.
		However, people infected with parvovirus that also have certain blood disorders or have impaired immune systems may be contagious for extended periods.
	www.hmc.psu.edu /childrens/healthinfo/pq/parvovirus.htm (638 words)

	Parvovirus infection - MayoClinic.com
		Parvovirus infection is also commonly called fifth disease because it was fifth of a group of once-common childhood diseases that all have similar rashes.
		Whatever the name, parvovirus infection is still a common but mild infection in children that generally requires little treatment.
		Parvovirus infection is also more serious for adults with some kinds of anemia or who have a compromised immune system.
	www.mayoclinic.com /health/parvovirus-infection/DS00437 (221 words)

	Parvoviruses
		This group of childhood diseases is composed of measles, rubella, scarlet fever, Dukes’ disease, and parvovirus infection.
		The fifth disease is caused by the human parvovirus, which is also referred to as the parvovirus B19.
		The incubation of the parvovirus is between four to fourteen days, depending on the health of a person or child.
	www.b19virus.com /parvoviruses.html (443 words)

	eMedicine - Parvovirus B19 Infection : Article by Dennis Cunningham, MD (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Background: Parvovirus B19 (B19V), the only member of the Parvoviridae family known to cause disease in humans, is a single-strand DNA virus.
		As a result of the high seroprevalence of IgG against parvovirus among adults in the general population who have recovered from infection, the antiparvovirus IgG titer in IVIG is probably sufficient to provide passive immunity for the clearance of virus in immunocompromised hosts with chronic B19V infection.
		Grilli R, Izquierdo MJ, Farina MC, et al: Papular-purpuric "gloves and socks" syndrome: polymerase chain reaction demonstration of parvovirus B19 DNA in cutaneous lesions and sera.
	www.emedicine.com /ped/topic192.htm (3108 words)

	Title page
		Initially, B19 was identified as the causative agent of erythema infectiosum, a common childhood rash found in outbreaks among schoolchildren during the winter and spring months.
		Pregnancy: B19 infections in pregnant mothers are often overlooked because the disease is mainly asymptomatic.
		B19 virus can be detected in both blood and respiratory secretions five to seven days before a rash is developed and before antibodies can be detected in serum.
	www.stanford.edu /group/virus/1999/vtsai (1285 words)

	Parvovirus B19-Induced Apoptosis of Hepatocytes -- Poole et al. 78 (14): 7775 -- The Journal of Virology
		for B19 virus-induced apoptosis, we inhibited caspase 3 with
		Parvovirus B19-specific DNA in bone marrow from B19 arthropathy patients: evidence for B19 virus persistence.
		Parvovirus B19 as a possible causative agent of fulminant liver failure and associated aplastic anemia.
	jvi.asm.org /cgi/content/full/78/14/7775 (5731 words)

	Parvovirus B19
		Parvovirus B19 is a small DNA virus that infects only humans.
		The mother should inform her obstetrician that she was exposed to Parvovirus B19.
		IgG titers should be drawn and if the mother is seronegative, she should be advised of the low risk of fetal wastage and the pregnancy should be monitored closely with alpha-feto-protein and ultrasounds if she seroconverts.
	pedclerk.bsd.uchicago.edu /parvoB19.html (498 words)

	Prevalence of Parvovirus B19 and Parvovirus V9 DNA and Antibodies in Paired Bone Marrow and Serum Samples from Healthy ...
		B19 IgM was not found in any of the serum samples (Table 2).
		Presence and significance of human parvovirus B19 DNA in synovial membranes and bone marrow from patients with arthritis of unknown origin.
		Prevalence of parvovirus B19 DNA in bone marrow of patients with haematological disorders.
	jcm.asm.org /cgi/content/full/40/3/933 (2447 words)

	AEGiS-03CROI: Analysis of bone marrow (BM) from AIDS patients for human parvovirus B19 (B19): an autopsy study of 50 ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		B19, a single-stranded DNA virus, causes anemia in patients by infecting and lysing erythroid precursors.
		To evaluate the prevalence of B19 infection in patients with AIDS and to determine its histologic correlates, 50 autopsy BM were reviewed and in-situ hybridization (ISH) for B19 performed.
		The cases were evaluated for B19 DNA by ISH using a digoxigenin-labeled B19 genomic probe; pYT 110.
	www.aegis.com /conferences/croi/1996/172.html (324 words)

	Erythema Infectiosum (Fifth Disease)
		It is also possible for parvovirus B19 infection during pregnancy to cause "hydrops" (fluid overload and heart failure) in the developing fetus; however, this happens in less than 10% of mothers with proven parvovirus infection in the first trimester (which probably means that the risk is much less than 10%, since many infections go unnoticed).
		No one has shown that parvovirus B19 infection during pregnancy is associated with birth defects.
		There is presently no vaccine available for parvovirus B19, and no good and simple test for it outside of hospital and research laboratories.
	www.drreddy.com /shots/fifth.html (813 words)

	Screening Process Reduces Risk Of Human Parvovirus B19 Transmission (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		In some healthy people, parvovirus B19 infection causes Fifth Disease, named so because it was the fifth disease doctors discovered that caused a red rash in children.
		Because this study showed that parvovirus was in greater amounts than expected and that, in high concentrations, it could be transmitted, VITEX pursued a way to amend the normal processing of plasma to prevent the transmission of parvovirus.
		The small amount of residual parvovirus does not result in transmission and would not present a risk even to patients who might be susceptible to the more serious consequences of parvovirus infection," Dr. Davenport says.
	www.pslgroup.com /dg/1ECCB2.htm (1110 words)

	Parvovirus B19 infection in medical students during a hospital outbreak -- Noyola et al. 53 (2): 141 -- Journal of ...
		Parvovirus B19 infection in medical students during a hospital outbreak -- Noyola et al.
		Demographical features and risk factors for exposure to B19 in medical students during a hospital outbreak Numbers in parentheses are either the percentage or the range.
		Heegaard, E. D., Petersen, B. L., Heilmann, C. and Hornsleth, A. Prevalence of parvovirus B19 and parvovirus V9 DNA and antibodies in paired bone marrow and serum samples from healthy individuals.
	jmm.sgmjournals.org /cgi/content/full/53/2/141 (3110 words)

	AllRefer Health - Fifth Disease (Erythema Infectiosum, Parvovirus B19, Slapped Cheek)
		Fifth disease is caused by human parvovirus B19.
		Parvovirus B19 is also thought to cause other diseases.
		The majority of adults seem to have antibodies to parvovirus B19 in their bodies.
	health.allrefer.com /health/fifth-disease-info.html (520 words)

	Successful Intravenous Immunoglobulin Therapy in 3 Cases of Parvovirus B19-Associated Chronic Fatigue Syndrome
		Since the onset of acute parvovirus B19 infection, she had experienced persistent abdominal pain and diarrhea that remained undiagnosed despite extensive investigation, including colonoscopy, and she was being treated with carbamazepine and imipramine.
		The patient was found to be positive for serum parvovirus B19 DNA, serum antiparvovirus B19 VP1/2 IgG and antiparvovirus B19 NS1 IgG, and rheumatoid factor (RF), and she was found to be negative for leukocyte parvovirus B19 DNA and antinuclear antibody (ANA).
		Because parvovirus is a common infection in the population, with a seroprevalence of 60%70% in blood donors [16], IVIG is a good means to neutralize antibodies [17].
	www.immunesupport.com /library/showarticle.cfm/ID/4809/e/1/T/CFIDS_FM (3430 words)

	Parvovirus B19 infection (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Human parvovirus B19 is the primary cause of erythema infectiosum (EI, or fifth disease).
		It is the only known parvovirus to infect humans and belongs to the family Parvoviridae.
		Humoral immune response to parvovirus B19 and serological diagnosis of B19 infection.
	www.5mcc.com /Assets/SUMMARY/TP1030.html (209 words)

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