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Topic: Passed pawns

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	Passed pawn - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		In chess, a passed pawn is a pawn as to which there are no opposing pawns to stop it from advancing to the eighth rank, i.e.
		An outside passed pawn is a passed pawn that is on or near the left or right edge of the board, and is separated by a number of files from the rest of the pawns, e.g.
		Passed pawns are particularly important, often of decisive significance, in the endgame.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Passed_pawn (788 words)

	Mark Lowery's Exciting World of Chess - The pawns
		Pawn couples, isolated pawn couples, and hanging pawns all can present significant attacking and positional superiority possibilities for the player, and present the opposing player with significant tactical and strategy considerations that may force or cause lost tempi and deviation from the opposing player's development and creation of pawn structure.
		Is the backward pawn active in providing a purpose such as defense for a piece or pawn (e.g., the rear pawn in pawn chain often winds up being a backward pawn, but serves an active purpose of protecting and defending the pawn vertically forward in the pawn chain).
		The reason is simple...to maintain pawn presence in the center, to prevent holes from developing near or at the center of the player's side of the board, and to keep the player's minor fighting forces in position to assist in the battle for control of the center of the board.
	www.markalowery.net /Chess/pawns/pawns.html (3465 words)

	Lesson 6 by Igor Epshteyn
		The square of the passed pawn is the square on the (extended) chessboard whose diagonal runs from the square of the pawn to the promotion rank on the side of the opponent's king.
		For example, for a white passed pawn on b5 and the fl king on a7, the "square" would be a rectangle having vertices on a5, b5, b8, a8.
		For a pawn on its initial square (2nd rank for white, 7th rank for fl) the square of the pawn is the same as if it were on the next rank (3rd rank for white, 6th rank for fl).
	web.usna.navy.mil /~wdj/epshteyn/lesson6 (1008 words)

	Mark Lowery's Exciting World of Chess - Passed pawns
		occurs when a player advances one of his or her pawns past the ability of an opposing pawn in a file to the left or right (a forward diagonal square) to capture the pawn that is advanced, and there is no opposing pawn in the file to block the advance of the pawn.
		A passed pawn also may occur by doing a pawn capture that results in the capturing pawn also advancing past the ability to be blocked or captured by a defending opposing pawn.
		A passed pawn is strongest in a Queen endgame.
	www.markalowery.net /Chess/pawns/passedpawns.html (1166 words)

	The Pushed Pawn Chess for the Community
		passed pawn is crucial (a passed pawn is one which does not have an opposing pawn on its file or on adjacent files on its way to promotion).
		King and pawn versus king for the important ending of a king and pawn versus a king.
		A king and pawn endgame with an outside passed pawn should be a far easier win than a middlegame a rook ahead.
	pushedpawn.org /chesspedia/End_game.htm (3192 words)

	Chessville - Reference Center - Glossary for Pawn Power In Chess by Hans Kmoch
		A chain lever in which the bases of the opposing pawn chains are not attacked, e.g., a5, b4, c3 vs. a7, b6, c5.
		A pawn or a piece being protected from frontal assault by the opposing pawn whose stop or telestop it is occupying.
		A triad of unfree pawns is unable to produce a passer against a duo.
	www.chessville.com /Reference_Center/Pawn_Power_Glossary.htm (817 words)

	MATHEMATICS 177 PAWN STRUCTURE
		In the illustration at the right, white's 3 knight and rook pawns at squares a6, b5, and g4 are the only passed pawns.
		In the figure at the right, all pawns of both colors are connected, except white's pawn at g4.
		Backward pawns are difficult to avoid: white's pawn at e2 is backward.
	math.uww.edu /~mcfarlat/177pawn.htm (335 words)

	[No title]
		Occasionally, if two pawns were doubled and the front pawn was passed, the engine would also evaluate the back pawn as passed, which is incorrect.
		The passed pawn scores are only scaled if the side with the better pawn score has at least as many pieces as the other side.
		Pawn jumps and en'passant captures were being penalized the maximum penalty of roughly 200 points.
	webpages.charter.net /tlikens/docs/CHANGES (20741 words)

	Tarrasch rule - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		In the first diagram, White's rook is behind his passed pawn on the a-file, and the position is won for white.
		In the second position, White's rook is in front of his passed pawn on the a file, and the position is a draw (Korchnoi 2002:15).
		In the ending of a rook and pawn versus a rook, where the pawn is a knight pawn (b- or g-file), the defending king is in front of the pawn, but the defender can't get his rook to the third rank for the Philidor position.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Tarrasch_rule (1089 words)

	Chess Tips1-January-1997)
		PASSED PAWN A passed pawn is one which has no opposing pawns in front of it, either on the same file or any adjacent file.
		If the king blocks the pawn and the pawn is on the seventh, then it depends whose move it is. A bishop pawn or a centre pawn is best to have, while a rook pawn is the worst.
		Against a knight or centre pawn, the method is to force the king to block his own pawn then advance the king one square at a time.
	home.vicnet.net.au /~chess/endi.html (3556 words)

	Ending #01 - Pawns,
		The Pawn must reach g7 without giving check, that is to say when the opposing KIng stands at his g8 square.
		In general it is possible to say that: A passed pawn is more valuable the further it goes up the board - as long as it has adequate support.
		The manner in which the pawn is freed from the pin is rather startling.
	www.thechessdrum.net /palview/CA_Endings2.htm (1227 words)

	Exeter Chess Club: General advice on the endgame: (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Winning by the advance of the Pawn may be won because it allows entry with the King, or causes distraction from one vulnerable side, or allows simplification into a known won ending.
		Passed pawns should be advanced as rapidly as possible.
		Passed pawns should not be blockaded by the king: the only piece which is not much harmed by watching over an opponent's pawn is the knight.
	www.exeterchessclub.org.uk /Endings/genending.html (537 words)

	2:Ch-Lesson (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		This is one of the primary reasons that advancing pawns in the opening is often weak--by advancing pawns you leave squares behind on which your opponent can post a piece.
		A Pawn is called "Passed" because it has passed the opponent's Pawns, and thus to be stopped requires the use of a piece (or more).
		In this case, Black is in trouble--he has three Pawn "Islands" and doubled Pawns on the d-file, an isolated Pawn on the a-file, and a backward Pawn on e7.
	commhum.mccneb.edu /dweber/Chess/2CH-lesson/Ch_hints_2.htm (4193 words)

	Relative Value of Chess Pieces and Principles of Chess Play- 3
		In the ending when trying to advance one or more passed pawns without the King and against the adverse Rook alone, it is generally best to place the Rook behind the pawns in order not to obstruct their advance.
		But when fighting against hostile pawns, it is mostly advisable to attack them in the rear or to stop the one furthest advanced in the same manner.
		In a similar manner, three adjoining passed pawns on the fifth squares of their file will win against the Rook with or without the move if the adverse King is at a distance of at least four clear squares, and provided that neither pawn can be taken at once by the Rook.
	www.chesscentral.com /articles_chess/chess-piece-value_3.htm (739 words)

	Opening Lanes
		The idea is to reach a double-edged position, where White can eventually push his passed pawns and stop Black from getting the dark-squared bishop into the action.
		Black’s job is to stop the pawns from rolling forward and to use his extra piece to extract the victory.
		The idea is to stop the menace of the passed pawns and then use the bishop to make progress.
	www.chesscafe.com /lane/lane.htm (3879 words)

	Sparring with Fritz: Theme Passed Pawns
		I get only 2 pawns for the piece but the passed pawns with the aid of the rook and bishops are not to be stopped by fls forces."
		I sometimes have trouble with the technical phase of games such as these and thought a position where I have only a piece for some passed pawns would be good practice.
		Stronger than taking the e-pawn the passed pawns scream to be shoved down my opponents throat.
	www.angelfire.com /journal2/chess/passedpa.html (319 words)

	Pawn Majorities (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		The e pawn is now threatening to move to the e2 square or capture the f2 pawn.
		White has to take the e pawn with the pawn on f2 or advance the f pawn to f3 creating a passed e pawn for Black.
		However, the passed pawn on e3 can support pieces, such as a rook, on the f2 and d2 squares that can attack horizontally accross.
	members.aol.com /manusfealy2/ch46.htm (425 words)

	[No title]
		A PASSED PAWN is a pawn which can reach the end of the board without being taken or blocked by an enemy pawn.
		The b5 Pawn is a PROTECTED PASSED PAWN - it is defended by a colleague.
		The PAWN CHAIN on b7, c6 and d5 is one.
	www.chesskids.com /level3/cl7l4.htm (1596 words)

	#[]#[] King & Pawn Endgame Notes #[]#[] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		An important advantage for the endgame can be gained by creating one or more passed pawns during the midgame.
		Doubled Pawns are pawns of the same color which are on the same file.
		The Square of the Pawn is an imaginary square area to the front of a pawn which is described by the pawn's Critical Diagonal.
	www.finitechess.com /end1.htm (309 words)

	Lesson 10 by Ron Henley
		As a general rule, you always want to advance your pawns as far as possible in the eventuality of capturing your opponents pawns and getting into a pawn race.
		Now white can force the fl king to h8 and play pawn breakthrough at c5, creating a passed pawn to win.
		A pawn race obviously draws: 1 a4 h5 2 a5 h4 3 a6 h3 4 a7 h2 5 c6 h1=Q stalemate (or 5...
	web.usna.navy.mil /~wdj/epshteyn/lesson10.htm (891 words)

	Bishops of opposite colors, Bishop & Two Connected passed pawns (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		The year was 1978, the city was London, and I was playing my second game in the span of a few months against Jonathan Speelman.
		This would lead to two fl connected passed pawns marching down the board.
		Because I knew that the following position (a true worst case scenario) was dead drawn.
	www.jeremysilman.com /chess_adv_endgm/040410_bschp_of_tw_cllrs.html (452 words)

	Thirty Rules of Chess
		Make as FEW PAWN MOVES as possible in the opening.
		Try to maintain at least ONE PAWN in the center.
		To win WITHOUT PAWNS, you must be at least a ROOK or TWO MINOR PIECES ahead (two knight excepted).
	www.chessdryad.com /education/sageadvice/thirty/index.htm (245 words)

	The Arlington Passed Pawns in the DC League
		The Arlington Passed Pawns in the DC League
		The Passed Pawns began the 2006-2007 season at the US Chess Center in Washington DC with a 6-0 sweep against the Arlington Anklebiters on Friday October 27th
		The time controls for the DC Chess League have now been changed to 30/90 game/60 with a five second delay
	home1.gte.net /vze765jx/id18.html (121 words)

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