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Topic: Patani United Liberation Organization

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	Puloinfo.net
		In addition, thousands of the Patani fighters and civilians were taken to the Thai capital (Bangkok) walking barefoot, chained feet, and tightly tight with iron and bamboo in their feet and ears.
		It is a squad among the Patani revolution squads, which undertakes to organize the studentsâ revolutionary action and search for cooperation methods with liberal studentsâ organizations for fighting the occupation, imperialism and Zionism.
		Patani movement considered the Zionism entity one of its biggest enemies due good diplomatic relations between Israel and Thailand, as Zionism support the Thai government with all intelligence to devastate Islam and Muslims in Patani.
	www.puloinfo.net /?Show=Patani (1152 words)

	Patani United Liberation Organization - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Patani United Liberation Organization (also spelled Pattani United Liberation Organisation) or PULO is one of the active militant groups calling for a free and independent Patani.
		PULO was founded in 1968 reportedly around the leadership of Kabir Abdul Rahman, an Islamic scholar.
		PULO considers itself to be continuing the independence struggle of the Malay Sultanates and Kingdoms after the area was colonised and annexed by Siam two centuries ago.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Pattani_United_Liberation_Organization (325 words)

	Pattani United Liberation Organization (PULO)
		The Pattani United Liberation Organization (PULO) is synonymous with the Thai separatist terrorist movement and is the largest and most active.
		In 1995, rifts emerged among the core leaders of the new PULO movement.
		The PULO is a popular organization formed to represent the Malay people of the southern predominantly Malay provinces formerly known as the Malay kingdom of Patani, fighting against Thai colonialism.
	www.globalsecurity.org /military/world/para/pulo.htm (352 words)

	Puloinfo.net
		PULO is one of the main anti-government groups in the south, and the insurgent group's foreign affairs department is located in Sweden, where several hundred Muslims from southern Thailand now live in exile.
		While PULO appears on the surface to be the politically most active group in exile, the majority of the ground forces appear to belong to various factions of the Barisan Revolusi Nasional (BRN), which was founded in Narathiwat in 1960.
		PULO was formed eight years later by Tengku Bira Kotanila, who now lives in exile in Syria and remains the nominal head of the organization.
	www.puloinfo.net /?Show=InterviewPULO (4880 words)

	Pattani United Liberation Organization (Thailand) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		In the upper red strip, near the hoist, is a yellow five-pointed star; in the center of the blue is a half-moon and a star or sun of 15 points (similar to Malaysia) — symbolising the movement's demand for the separation of Pattani from Thailand and its union with Malaysia.
		During the Second World War, while Thailand was siding with Japan, and Japanese troops present in Malaya and Southern Thailand, one of the Patani princes, Tun Mahmud Mahyuddin, was collaborating militarily with the British and was promised the restoration of Patani independence after allied victory.
		The flag was approved by the representatives of just about all national movements during the meeting of Patani Liberation Organizations held 4th-5th July 1995 at Tasik Titiwangsa Golf Club in Kuala Lumpur in presence of Special Branch officers of the Government of Malaysia.
	fotw.vexillum.com /flags/th}pulo.html (918 words)

	Islam Online- News Section (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		However, the Muslim Patani United Liberation Organization (PULO), one of the oldest separatist movement in the country, said the naming of a Muslim minister to take control of the region signal the government failure in the Muslim South.
		The PULO said the new response by the “Thai” administration indicated that the worst is not over for the Muslims, adding that “a military invasion of the region is to be expected after the complete failure of the Thai’s to rein terror in the region.”
		The PULO also added that the government’s reshaping of the security structure in the south to strengthen unity among security agencies was also indicative that major activities will be taking place there soon, warning Muslims to prepare for fresh crackdown against Islam and the Malays.
	www.islamonline.net /english/News/2003-06/10/article09.shtml (831 words)

	History of Pattani - Pattani, Hindu-Malay empire, Langkasuka, Southern Thailand, Kelantan, Terengganu, Kedah, Pattani, ...
		PULO is the most notorious terror group in the south of Thailand.
		PULO is widely seen to have connections with other regional terror groups, including Aceh's Independence Movement of Aceh (GAM).
		In 2003 too, Thailand had demanded that several Thai clerics seen as PULO leaders be arrested by Malaysian police.
	www.thailand-travel-guide.de /thailandpattani.html (1012 words)

	Inventory of Conflict and Environment (ICE), Template
		In 1902, the Patani Kingdom was officially annexed and merged with Thailand.
		Despite resistance efforts, the people of the Patani region were unsuccessful at maintaining their sovereignty, and their provinces were regrouped into four provinces that make up the southern portion of Thailand today: Narathiwat, Patani, Songkla, and Yala.
		PULO also emerged in 1968, differentiating itself from BNPP and BRN more orthodox and socialist Islam by focusing on “young, non-committed Patani Muslims by stressing secular nationalism.” This group gained support in Malaysia and India, and among Patani students in other Arab countries.
	www.american.edu /ted/ice/tsunami-thailand.htm (7005 words)

	Thailand: "If you want peace, work for justice" - Amnesty International (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		The Sultanate of Patani, which included the present-day Pattani, Narathiwat, and Yala, and parts of Songkla Provinces, was annexed by the Kingdom of Siam(2) in the early 20th century.
		One of the most prominent was the Patani United Liberation Organization (PULO), a separatist group formed in 1968 which still issues statements on its website.(5) Muslim armed political groups’ activities have ebbed and flowed over the last 100 years, but with the turn of the 21st century they increased dramatically.
		The organization also reminds the Thai Government that under Article 9(1) of the ICCPR, no one may be subjected to arbitrary arrest or detention, and calls upon the government to ensure that persons are not otherwise adversely affected by being on a "fllist", namely, personally identified on the basis of unsubstantiated suspicions.
	web.amnesty.org /library/index/ENGASA390012006 (13067 words)

	Iran Daily - World Politics - 11/02/05
		UNITED NATIONS, Nov. 1--Three UN human rights investigators said on Monday they would turn down a long-awaited US invitation to visit Guantanamo prison camp in Cuba unless they were permitted to interview the detainees, Reuters reported.
		The PULO statement, dated October 31 and issued by PULO’s executive committee, accused authorities of persecuting and killing Muslim teachers, but also condemned the killings of Buddhist monks, which the group said were done in retaliation.
		PULO also backed an October 18 statement by the Organization of the Islamic Conference which said Muslims in southern Thailand had legitimate demands and that the government’s use of military force would exacerbate the problem.
	www.iran-daily.com /1384/2416/html/politic.htm (2024 words)

	Print - Manager Online
		In a separate letter also published in The Nation, PULO criticised a suggestion by 25 parliamentarians from the ruling Thai Rak Thai party to shut down Islamic boarding schools in the provinces bordering Malaysia.
		The Thai government earlier this month accused PULO of stirring rumors of an imminent government crackdown to frighten the 131 villagers into crossing the border in a bid to "internationalize" the conflict.
		PULO was active in southern Thailand in the 1970s, staging bombings as part of a campaign to win independence for three Muslim provinces.
	www.manager.co.th /asp-bin/PrintNews.aspx?NewsID=9480000127830 (448 words)

	ABS-CBN Interactive
		The September 19 military overthrow of prime minister Thaksin Shinawatra sparked hope that a two-year insurgency in Yala, Pattani and Narathiwat provinces could be quelled.
		PULO emerged in 1968 and became the biggest insurgent group in the region over the next two decades, but it largely fell apart in the 1990s.
		Bersatu, which means "Unity", was an umbrella group created by PULO and a splinter group in 1997.
	www.abs-cbnnews.com /storypage.aspx?StoryId=52290 (784 words)

	Terror in Southeast Asia --- Asia Pacific Media Service
		Gerakan Mujahidin Islam Patani, GMIP, or the Islamic Mujahidin Movement of Patani, was formed in 1995 by Afghan war veteran Nasoree Saesaeng, and derives its name from an earlier group, at that time inactive, called the Gerakan Mujahidin Patani.
		According to Thai sources, the GMIP is linked to the Malaysia-based militant organization Kumpulan Mujahidin Malaysia, or the Mujahidin Group (or Association) of Malaysia, which, in turn, is believed to have close ties with the mainly Indonesia-based Jemaah Islamiya.
		The group was formed in 1989 from four smaller groups: BRN-Congress, PULO, the then GMP (now defunct) and Barisan Islam Pembebsan Patani, the now largely defunct Islamic Front for the Liberation of Patani.
	www.asiapacificms.com /articles/southeast_asia_terror (2092 words)

	Bersatu (separatist organization) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Bersatu (also know as the MPRMP or Council of the Muslim People of Patani) is an umbrella organization that is involved in the separatist movement in South Thailand's region of Pattani.
		Bersatu, which is the Malay word for "unity," was formed on August 31, 1989 by factions of the Pattani United Liberation Organization (PULO), the Barisan Revolusi Nasional Melayu Pattani (BRN), the Barisan National Pember-Basan (BNPP) and the Mujahadeen Pattani.
		Under this umbrella organization, these groups began coordinated attacks, using the codename "Falling Leaves," between August 1997 and January 1998.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Bersatu_(separatist_organization) (222 words)

	AsiaMedia :: The Southern Problem
		Larger, coordinated attacks are organized by shadowy leaders calling on several cells or groups to join together, one group often unaware of the others' existence or involvement.
		The Pattani United Liberation Organization (PULO) is one of the oldest Thai Muslim separatist groups in the area, but analysts such as Acharya and Gunaratna, question the extent of its influence among the insurgent groups operating in the region.
		PULO is further internationalizing the conflict by highlighting the plight of Thai Muslims to the media while continuing to issue threats and warnings of attacks from its website.
	www.asiamedia.ucla.edu /article.asp?parentid=40884 (1561 words)

	file://untitled - Netscape Composer (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Bagaimana pun Lukman telah disingkirkan dari jawatan sebagai setiausha Amin, anak seorang ulamak terkenal Patani, Haji Sulong yang gha'ib (hilang) secara misteri pada awal 1950an.
		The same year (1970), a group of Patani youths, led by Kubira Kotanila and Harun Muleng, formed a new liberation front known as PULO (Patani United Liberation Organization), with intention to unite the breakaway factions of BRN under their dogmatism theory.
		They disguised, camouflaged and organized their modus operandi or covert operation by underground networking via the existing means of legal masses' and political organizations and Thai government's institutions.
	members.fortunecity.com /patani_republic/lukmantiputhailand.html (13749 words)

	[No title]
		Each RKK unit is pretty independent, which makes it difficult for the police to get much useful information out of captured RKK members.
		Most of the RKK units are not very active, as there are only a hundred or so attacks a month.
		GMIP and PULO each appear to be less than a third the size of BRN-K, and are less active.
	www.strategypage.com /htmw/htworld/articles/20060917.aspx (417 words)

	From Empire to Modern States
		As a consequence of the relationship established between certain American military units and the Montagnards, some Montagnard refugees were subsequently resettled in the United States.
		Although the number of people in the hill tribe category is only about one percent of the total population of the country, the tensions between the Thai government and these people poses a serious threat to the long history of inclusivist nationalism in the country.
		Non-governmental organizations who work with the tribal peoples have begun to have some success in effecting some changes in government policies, but the conflict still remains.
	www2.chass.ncsu.edu /cies/KeyesPaper.htm (9354 words)

	Thai Terrorist Web Hunter (TTWH) Anti - Pattani United Liberation Organization PULO pppb.org, Patanistudents.com, ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		PULO is not only threat Thailand government, but also the Indonesia government and the World.
		PULO official Website http://www.pulo.org and http://www.pppb.org/ - for propaganda and represent Separatist group for sending direct message to Thailand Government and Separatist Supporters.
		Patani Malay Human Right Organization(PMHRO) http://www.pmhro.com/ - This site is use for propaganda and discredit Thailand government by using the "Make Up" news and comments to make Thailand violate the international "Human Right" laws.
	www.angelfire.com /trek/webcop (1895 words)

	Hotmail Inbox (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		The presidential envoy and another important figure in Patani liberation history, Abdullah, were arrested by Thai police for possession of UGB seals and other BRN’s documents.
		Lukman was well known among the armed forces as he was not only went into the jungle to join his students, but on many occasions he went into the guerrillas’ camps by their own invitation to give lectures and speeches (or indoctrination).
		Lukman was also outspoken when dealing with the pro communist clerics of Patani such as uttering words “I’ll obey the leadership as long as they follow the principles of revolution; but I’ll combat the leadership if they detour the paths of revolution.” That remarks seemed humiliated to the ears of SCC members.
	members.fortunecity.com /patani_republic/fourarmy.html (15901 words)

	Asia Times
		These people are prevented from returning to their sources of food and medicine, and humanitarian organizations are not allowed access to the area.
		As a self-governing entity with all of the indicia of nationhood except membership in the United Nations (which Taiwan would already have if it had not been run by foreign dictator Chiang [Kai-shek]), Taiwan is already an independent and sovereign state.
		These Muslim elites pursued Westernized, liberal education for them, and grabbed all jobs [and] vacancies in the government [and] private sectors in their countries.
	www.atimes.com /atimes/letters_12.html (13695 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		It is the same type/pattern as Pataninews.com, Managed by PULO in Sweden, which has already been closed by hosting company.
		As everyone know that main groups of Patani Separatists are PULO, BRN, BERSATU, and etc. They have done so many lies to our brother and sister of Muslim Nation by spread their FAKE Propaganda messages.
		Patani has a long history and will be the most peaceful Muslim communities in the world.
	www.angelfire.com /trek/webcop/historye.htm (894 words)

	Islam Online- News Section (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		The PULO was, until the early 1990’s the most feared and most active anti-government group in the Southern region.
		The PULO suffered several heavy losses during encounters with the Thai army, which was helped in a certain way by the Malaysian authorities.
		There he was allegedly slashed with a knife in the legs and body to portray that he was killed in a gunfight between PULO and Thai forces.
	www.islamonline.net /English/News/2002-07/11/article25.shtml (854 words)

	Politics: Thailand's Other Conflict --- Asia Pacific Media Service
		In a rare, recent interview at an undisclosed location in Sweden, Kasturi Mahkota, chief of the foreign relations department of southern Thailand's outlawed Patani United Liberation Organization, strongly dismissed the notion that the present generation of Thai Muslim insurgents belong to any such regional or international network.
		Rather, they fight to preserve a different southern culture, where the local population speaks Malay instead of Thai, and have not forgotten that they once had an independent sultanate, which was annexed by Siam in 1832 and not fully integrated with the rest of the country until the early 1900s.
		The organization he represents is one of the main anti-government groups in the South, and its foreign affairs department is located in Sweden, where hundreds of southern Thai Muslims live.
	www.asiapacificms.com /articles/southern_thailand_conflict (968 words)

	E-sangha, Buddhist Forum and Buddhism Forum > Asia & Islam
		Their members are known to be active in Sweden, Malaysia, Netherlands and Syria, and their websites are used to facilitate communications between groups and individuals in these various countries.
		www.patanistudents.com/thai/article/13.htm: Islamic Patanis are told to give their souls to Allah and wage jihad for his sake against the Thai, with the promise of Paradise after death.
		Observers say it will take years before the region is restored to its previous calm, partly because the struggle is now directed by a more united, better trained Muslim militant groups who have spread their cells regionwide and are capable of terrorizing both the urban and rural areas.
	www.lioncity.net /buddhism/lofiversion/index.php/t9948.html (2620 words)

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