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eMedicine - Patent Foramen Ovale : Article Excerpt by: Sandy Shah, DO   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09) In utero, the foramen ovale serves as a physiologic conduit for right-to-left shunting. The Mayo Clinic autopsy study revealed that the size of a patent foramen ovale increases from a mean of 3.4 mm in the first decade to 5.8 mm in the 10th decade of life, as the valve of fossa ovalis stretches with age. With increasing evidence that patent foramen ovale is the culprit in paradoxical embolic events, the relative importance of the anomaly is being reevaluated. www.emedicine.com /med/byname/patent-foramen-ovale.htm   (410 words)

Patent Foramen Ovale Closure   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09) The Foramen Ovale is an opening between the upper chambers of the heart called the right and left atria. A PFO is something like a flap valve between the upper chambers of the heart that usually remains closed and functions normally. Diagnosing a PFO is done by using a transesphogeal echocardiogram along with a bubble study. www.ihimontana.org /cardiology-patent-foramen-ovale-closure.php   (514 words)

Patent Foramen Ovale Closure May Reduce Migraine Attacks Patients with a history of stroke and a patent foramen ovale have a higher prevalence of migraine with aura than the general population, and after percutaneous patent foramen ovale closure for stroke prevention purposes, they report a reduced frequency of migraine attacks, a new study showed. Patent foramen ovale is already implicated as a cause of stroke, particularly in young people, and percutaneous closure of patent foramen ovale is now done for secondary stroke prevention in people in whom other causes of stroke have been ruled out. After patent foramen ovale closure, the frequency of headache attacks was significantly reduced in both types of migraine: in migraine with aura by 54% and in migraine without aura by 62%. www.neurologyreviews.com /feb04/nr_feb04_foramen.html   (889 words)

AllRefer Health - Patent Foramen Ovale (PFO) PFO is the persistence of a fetal opening between the left and right atria (upper chambers) of the heart. The foramen ovale normally closes soon after the infant is born. The foramen ovale may remain open in as many as 1 out of 5 people. health.allrefer.com /health/patent-foramen-ovale-info.html   (359 words)

Closure Devices for Patent Foramen Ovale and Atrial Septal Defects The foramen ovale, a component of fetal cardiovascular circulation, consists of a communication between the right and left atrium that functions as a vascular bypass of the uninflated lungs. Prior to birth the foramen ovale is held open by the large flow of blood into the left atrium from the inferior vena cava. Closure of patent foramen ovale using a transcatheter approach with an FDA-approved device may be considered medically necessary in patients with a history of cryptogenic stroke. www.regence.com /trgmedpol/surgery/sur105.html   (3254 words)

eMedicine - Patent Foramen Ovale : Article by Sandy Shah, DO   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09) In patients with atrial septal aneurysm and patent foramen ovale, the risk of first recurrent stroke within 2 years has been reported to be as high as 9%, while the rate of subsequent stroke or transient ischemic attack recurrence within 2 years increases to 22%. Patent foramen ovale is often considered in the differential diagnosis of cryptogenic stroke. Patent foramen ovale is not associated with an increased risk of endocarditis. www.emedicine.com /med/topic1766.htm   (2262 words)

Columbia University Medical Center PFO is an important risk factor for stroke recurrence or systemic embolization in medically-treated cryptogenic stroke patients which doubles the two-year rate of stroke recurrence or systemic embolization. Patent foramen ovale (PFO), a hemodynamically insignificant inter-atrial communication, has been suggested as a potential conduit for paradoxical embolization in some patients with cryptogenic stroke. The yearly incidence of stroke in the U.S. is estimated at 400,000 to 500,000, and approximately 40% are cryptogenic. cpmcnet.columbia.edu /dept/cardiology/echo/picss.html   (943 words)

Lars Erickson - Patent Foramen Ovale (PFO) A patent foramen ovale (PFO) is a type of atrial septal defect (ASD), or opening between the two upper chambers of the heart (left and right atria). Unless a PFO us unusually large it is considered just part of the normal variation between individuals; just as some people have freckles and others do not, some people have a tiny PFO and others do not. In some individuals the patent foramen ovale may be larger than usual, and this can result in some of the problems that accompany other types of atrial septal defects (see ASDs). www.larserickson.com /PatientInfo/ASD_PFO.htm   (570 words)

Barnes-Jewish Hospital - Patent Foramen Ovale (PFO)   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09) A patent foramen ovale, or PFO, is an opening between the upper two chambers of the heart that have failed to close after birth. PFOs are increasingly being suspected as the cause of paradoxical embolic events. Once a patient with PFO has had an event, they are usually treated with Coumadin to prevent a recurrence of clots. www.barnesjewish.org /groups?NavID=1323   (809 words)

Cohort study of multiple brain lesions in sport divers: role of a patent foramen ovale -- Knauth et al. 314 (7082): 701 ...   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09) The prevalence of a patent foramen ovale was as Incidence and size of patent foramen ovale during the first 10 decades of life: an autopsy study of 965 normal hearts. Prevalence of patent foramen ovale in patients with stroke. www.bmj.com /cgi/content/full/314/7082/701   (3796 words)

Contemporary Management of Patent Foramen Ovale -- Meier and Lock 107 (1): 5 -- Circulation Patent foramen ovale is an important predictor of adverse outcome in patients with major pulmonary embolism. Characteristics of patent foramen ovale associated with cryptogenic stroke: a biplane transesophageal echocardiographic study. Surgical closure of patent foramen ovale in cryptogenic stroke patients. circ.ahajournals.org /cgi/content/full/107/1/5   (3380 words)

Specialized Exams   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09) Patent foramen ovale (PFO), shown on the right, has been associated with cryptogenic stroke allowing paradoxical embolism from the veins to the brain through a right-to-left shunt (RLS). However, PFO is found in all ages; 34% of adults in the first three decades of life declining to 20% in the 9th and 10th decades Using intravenous injections of agitated saline, the suspended bubbles pass through the PFO from the right to the left atrium and are easily detected by TCD as audible chirps and microembolic spectra in the cerebral arteries. www.spencervascular.com /specializedexams.htm   (574 words)

Patent Foramen Ovale Bubble contrast echocardiography appears to be the most sensitive method for detecting a shunt while color flow doppler appeared to be a poor means of detecting the shunt in a transthoracic echo. Philip Foster et al, in the Journal of the Aerospace Medical Association, has an elegant article "Patent Foramen Ovale and paradoxical Systemic Embolism: A Bibliographic Review" in which is presented in a single document a summary of the original findings and views from authors in this field. It is a comprehensive review of 145 peer-reviewed journal articles related to PFO that is intended to encourage reflection on PFO detection methods and on the possible association between PFO and stroke. www.scuba-doc.com /pfo.htm   (620 words)

Transcatheter Hole Closure of a Patent Foramen Ovale using The CardioSEAL™ Septal Occlusion System The CardioSEAL Septal Occlusion System is indicated for the closure of a patent foramen ovale (PFO) in patients with recurrent cryptogenic stroke due to presumed paradoxical embolism through a patent foramen ovale and who have failed conventional drug therapy. The PFO is the opening through which the blood is able to flow when the pressure in the right atrium is greater then the left atrium. Patent Foramen Ovale (PFO) – a term used to describe a small hole in the section of the atrial septum that is called the Foramen Ovale. www.nmtmedical.com /products/ci/pfoguide.html   (1602 words)

Medical Encyclopedia: Patent foramen ovale (Print Version) Infants with a patent foramen ovale and no other heart defects do not have symptoms. The reason for this is that older people frequently develop blood clots in the veins in their legs. If PFO is present, the clot can then pass from the right side to the left side from whence it can travel to the brain and become lodged there, preventing blood flow to that part of the brain (stroke). www.nlm.nih.gov /medlineplus/print/ency/article/001113.htm   (466 words)

Patent foramen ovale causing position-dependent shunting in a patient, when laying down her corset -- Grutters et al. ... Patent foramen ovale causing position-dependent shunting in a patient, when laying down her corset -- Grutters et al. Patent foramen ovale causing position-dependent shunting in a patient, when laying down her corset Prevalence of patent foremen ovale in patients with stroke. erj.ersjournals.com /cgi/content/full/18/4/731   (1119 words)

Patent foramen ovale and decompression sickness in sports divers -- Germonpré et al. 84 (5): 1622 -- Journal of ... Patency of the foramen ovale (PFO) may be a cause of unexplained decompression sickness (DCS) in sports divers. PFO is present in ~30% of the normal population; the prevalence seems to decline with ascending age groups (4). The cough test is superior to the Valsalva maneuver in the delineation of right-to-left shunting through a patent foramen ovale during contrast transesophageal echocardiography. jap.physiology.org /cgi/content/full/84/5/1622   (3504 words)

Outcome of patients with cryptogenic stroke and patent foramen ovale -- Nedeltchev et al. 72 (3): 347 -- Journal of ...   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09) Outcome of patients with cryptogenic stroke and patent foramen ovale -- Nedeltchev et al. Outcome of patients with cryptogenic stroke and patent foramen ovale Patent foramen ovale was diagnosed in 318 patients jnnp.bmjjournals.com /cgi/content/abstract/72/3/347   (499 words)

Patent foramen ovale At birth, with the development of the pulmonary circulation, the pressures are reversed and the increased pressure in the left atrium forces the septum primum to close the foramen ovale. As a PFO is not a discontinuity in the septum but a valve-like structure, intravenous administration of echo contrast material is usually required to detect RLS. In the presence of a PFO, RLS of desaturated blood occurs across the atrial septum during the first few seconds after the end of a VM, creating a transient fall in systemic arterial oxygen saturation, which can be detected in the peripheral circulation (Lee & Gimlette 1957). herkules.oulu.fi /isbn9514267435/html/x239.html   (2240 words)

Percutaneous closure of the patent foramen ovale for the prevention of cerebral embolic stroke A patent foramen ovale is the persistence of a hole (the foramen ovale) in the wall (septum) between the right atrium and left atrium of the heart. The foramen ovale usually closes spontaneously after birth; however, in as many as 1 out of 4 people, the foramen ovale does not close completely and it remains patent throughout life. Overview of percutaneous closure of patent foramen ovale for the prevention of cerebral embolic stroke www.nice.org.uk /page.aspx?o=90648   (319 words)

Patent Foramen Ovale   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09) Patent Foramen Ovale is not a disease, but only a remains of the anatomy of the heart before birth (picture). Before being born, the lungs have no function in oxygenating the blood (because the fetus is immersed in water), and all the oxygen is transported via the umbilical blood vessels, from the placenta. The reason for this is twofold: Firstly, DCS is caused by nitrogen bubbles, not by the PFO by itself. www.daneurope.org /eng/cadintro.htm   (1271 words)

Vesa Karttunen. Patent foramen ovale and cryptogenic brain infarction. ISBN 951-42-6743-5   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09) Patent foramen ovale (PFO) is a common finding in the general population and is present in approximately one quarter of adults. The potential role of PFO in the pathogenesis of ischaemic brain infarction of unknown aetiology in young adults has been investigated during the past 15 years, and associations with other diseases have been proposed. A case-control study among adult patients with PFO and cryptogenic brain infarction showed the presence of a prothrombotic state, particularly factor V Leiden and prothrombin G2021OA gene mutation, to be associated with an increased risk of stroke, and migraine was also identified as a risk factor. herkules.oulu.fi /isbn9514267435   (381 words)

News - Patent Foramen Ovale Linked to Migraine with Aura: Presented at ESC(CARD) VIENNA, AUSTRIA -- September 3, 2003 -- Patent foramen ovale (PFO) is a triggering factor in many patients with migraine with aura, and repairing the defect can greatly reduce recurrent migraine attacks, a retrospective study from Swiss investigators suggests. The PFO patients reported that headache frequency declined dramatically after PFO repair; the relative reduction in attack frequency was 56% in the PFO patients who had a history of migraine with aura. Windecker said the results of his study suggest the need for larger studies of PFO and migraine, but said that it is too soon to assess all migraine patients for PFO. www.docguide.com /news/content.nsf/news/8525697700573E1885256D960049DD23   (626 words)

Case 2: Patent foramen ovale (PFO) and paradoxical embolism -- Rakhit 89 (11): 1362 -- Heart Patent foramen ovale: a review of associated conditions and the impact of physiological size. Surgical patent foramen ovale closure for prevention of paradoxical embolism-related cerebrovascular events. Catheter closure of atrial septal defects and patent foramen ovale in patients with an atrial septal aneurysm using different devices. heart.bmjjournals.com /cgi/content/full/89/11/1362   (502 words)

NEJM -- Recurrent Cerebrovascular Events Associated with Patent Foramen Ovale, Atrial Septal Aneurysm, or Both Patent foramen ovale and the risk of stroke: smoking gun guilty by association?. Anzola, G. Transcranial Doppler: Cinderella in the Assessment of Patent Foramen Ovale in Stroke Patients. Patent Foramen Ovale, Atrial Septal Aneurysm, and Recurrent Stroke. content.nejm.org /cgi/content/abstract/345/24/1740   (1812 words)

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