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Topic: Pathogen

	Pathogen - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		A pathogen or infectious agent is a biological agent that causes disease or illness to its host.
		There are several substrates and pathways whereby pathogens can invade a host; the principal pathways are: air contact/respiration; water contact/ingestion or dermal contact; soil contact/dermal or ingestion; and animal(vectors) contact/bite or ingestion.
		Some pathogens (such as the bacterium Yersinia pestis, which may have caused the Black Plague, and the Variola virus) have been found to be responsible for massive amounts of casualties and have had numerous effects on afflicted groups.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Pathogen (366 words)

	Encyclopedia :: encyclopedia : Pathogen (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		The term "pathogen" is most often used for agents that disrupt the normal physiology of a multicellular animal or plant.
		However, if the immune system or "good" bacteria is damaged in any way (such as by chemotherapy or HIV, or by antibiotics being taken to kill other pathogens), pathogenic bacteria that was being held at bay can proliferate and cause harm to the host.
		Some pathogens (such as Yersinia pestis, which may have caused the Black Plague, and the Variola virus) have been found responsible for massive amounts of casualties and have had numerous effects on afflicted groups.
	www.hallencyclopedia.com /Pathogen (284 words)

	Zombie-A-GoGo: Pathogen
		Emily Hagins wrote Pathogen when she was 11 years old and has persevered over the past 2 years in her quest to complete her first feature length movie.
		Pathogen represents her hard work as well as the hard work of her cast and crew.
		Pathogen will premiere on March 25 at the Alamo Downtown in Austin...go here for info and tickets.
	zombie-a-gogo.blogspot.com /2006/03/pathogen.html (243 words)

	AgBioForum 7(4): New Pathogen Testing Technologies and the Market for Food Safety Information
		Pathogens in foods are usually found at lower levels than in samples taken from people who are ill (Chen, 2003).
		It is important to test for low pathogen levels, because recent outbreaks have shown that low numbers of pathogens can cause illness depending on the virulence of the pathogen, vulnerability of the human, and the fat content of the food.
		In summary, advances in pathogen testing have resulted in more pathogen tests, faster results (down to 1-2 days now for some common foodborne pathogens instead of 3-5 days or weeks), low-level pathogen detection, identification of specific strains of a pathogen, amazing accuracy (fewer false positives and false negatives), and integration into computerized data reporting systems.
	www.agbioforum.org /v7n4/v7n4a07-unnevehr.htm (4461 words)

	CIDRAP >> Plague genome suggests organism evolved from gut to blood pathogen
		Y pestis is very closely related to the gastrointestinal pathogen Yersinia pseudotuberculosis, and other authors have proposed that it evolved from the latter species sometime between 1,500 and 20,000 years ago, the article notes.
		The genome includes 149 pseudogenesgenes that were rendered inactive by various mechanisms as the organism evolved from an enteric pathogen to a bloodborne pathogen.
		Y pestis lost "genes that were either not required in its new niche, or [that] may have decreased fitness for a new lifestyle as a systemic pathogen of mammals and an insect pathogen." Examples include genes that encode for proteins that enteric pathogens use to stick to and invade cells lining the gut.
	www.cidrap.umn.edu /cidrap/content/bt/plague/news/100901-plague-genome.html (491 words)

	Pathogen definition - Medical Dictionary definitions of popular medical terms
		The term pathogen most commonly is used to refer to infectious organisms.
		Less commonly, pathogen refers to a noninfectious agent of disease such as a chemical.
		The term pathogen was devised about 1880 and was compounded from patho- meaning disease + -gen indicating a producer.
	www.medterms.com /script/main/art.asp?articlekey=6383 (183 words)

	Pathogen at opensource encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		A pathogen is a biological agent that can cause disease, otherwise known as an infectious agent.
		The term "pathogen" is most often applied to infectious biological agents that disrupt the normal physiology of multicellular animals or plants.
		For example, the cells of a pathogenic strain of Escherichia coli may themselves be infected and destroyed by a virus.
	www.wiki.tatet.com /Pathogen.html (402 words)

	About Pathogen Productions
		Through painstakingly-detailed artwork, Pathogen Productions artist Jennifer L. Shaffer is working to preserve the memory of American Muscle as it is and used to be.
		Each Pathogen Productions print begins from a photo and is digitally rendered to the liking of the artist to capture the requester’s vision.
		Pathogen Productions is in no way affiliated with the manufacturers of the automobiles featured in our works.
	www.pathogenproductions.com /about.html (662 words)

	Debian -- pathogen
		Pathogen Warrior is a puzzle game about matching 3D model structures with a 2D hexagon map.
		In Pathogen Warrior, the player's task is to match rotating 3D pathogen structures with a 2D model using a hexagon map.
		The time to accomplish the task is limited, and after successfully completing one pathogen, the player is advanced to next level, which has a more challenging pathogen.
	packages.debian.org /unstable/games/pathogen (186 words)

	What Makes Cryptococcus neoformans a Pathogen?
		Life-threatening infections caused by the encapsulated fungal pathogen Cryptococcus neoformans have been increasing steadily over the past 10 years because of the onset of AIDS and the expanded use of immunosuppressive drugs.
		To be classified as a pathogen, an organism must be able to cause infection under certain conditions.
		Virulence factors increase the degree of pathogenicity of a microbe.
	www.cdc.gov /ncidod/EID/vol4no1/buchanan.htm (6683 words)

	New Pathogen Tests Trigger Food Safety Innovations (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Such technological advances in the science of pathogen testing are changing the economics of food safety.
		The increased demand for pathogen testing that began in the early 1990s is being matched by an increased supply of sophisticated testing systems.
		With more accurate and more timely information on pathogen contamination, food producers can more easily identify the technologies that are working as well as weak spots in the safety-control system.
	www.ers.usda.gov /AmberWaves/February06/Findings/findings_dh1.htm (442 words)

	Whitehead Institute - Pathogen-specific Gene Response
		The researchers found that dendritic cells turn on different sets of genes, or a signature pattern of gene response, depending on whether the organism is a bacteria, virus, or fungus.
		They looked for genes that were turned on or off in a dendritic cell after it encountered a pathogen, thus generating a snapshot of which genes were active during a dendritic cell’s response to a specific pathogen.
		Second, pathogens were able to guide activation of these dendritic cell genes, so that only particular arms of the immune response were induced by a pathogen.
	www.wi.mit.edu /news/archives/2001/nh_1025.html (1002 words)

	pathogen - multiple sclerosis encyclopaedia
		A pathogen is any microbe/micro-organism that can cause disease in a host organism.
		There have been many attempts to link pathogens with multiple sclerosis, although, to date, none of these attempts have been successful.
		However, it remains possible that the initiation of the disease is a result of the specific immune system developing an immune reponse to a section of protein (antigen) from a common pathogen that closely resembles an antigen derived from myelin.
	www.mult-sclerosis.org /pathogen.html (172 words)

	Host-Pathogen Interactions: Redefining the Basic Concepts of Virulence and Pathogenicity -- Casadevall and Pirofski 67 ...
		the responsibility for causing disease primarily on the pathogen.
		Pathogen class 6 is largely a theoretical category which does not adequately define any known pathogen.
		Pathogenicity islands of virulent bacteria: structure, function and impact on microbial evolution.
	iai.asm.org /cgi/content/full/67/8/3703 (4623 words)

	biology - Pathogen
		Today, while many medical advances have been made to safeguard against infection by pathogens, through the use of vaccination, antibiotics and fungicide, pathogens continue to threaten life on Earth, and can be particularly devastating to its human inhabitants.
		Some pathogens (such as Yersinia pestis, which caused the Black Plague, and the aforementioned Variola virus) have been found responsible for massive amounts of casualties and have had numerous effects on afflicted groups.
		Of particular note in modern times is HIV/AIDS, which is known to have infected several million humans globally, threatening entire populations in certain parts of the world, as well as the recently emerged Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome, or SARS.
	www.biologydaily.com /biology/Pathogen (320 words)

	EQ Sludge - Class A Pathogen Reduction Alternatives (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		The pathogens for which requirements are established in 25 Pa. Code §271.932 are enteric viruses, viable helminth ova and Salmonella sp.
		Class A pathogen reduction requirements must be met all the time.
		All Class A pathogen reduction alternatives must be met either before or at the same time one of the vector attraction reduction options 1-5 are met.
	www.dep.state.pa.us /dep/biosolids/training/sewagesludge/2_1_0.htm (406 words)

	PathInfo: Pathogen Information
		Detailed PIML documents are available for 21 pathogens deemed of high priority with regard to public health and national biological defense.
		Eight of these pathogens are targets of the collaborative MARCE (Middle Atlantic Regional Center of Excellence in Biodefense and Emerging Infectious Diseases) project.
		PathPort aims to combine information about pathogens (and their near relatives) from around the world with powerful analysis and visualization tools for bioinformatical assistance in biological research on high-priority pathogens.
	pathport.vbi.vt.edu /pathinfo (536 words)

	Biological alarm in Washington - Salon (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		But this was the first time that six sensors in any one place had detected a toxin at the same time.
		The sensors are also located miles from one another, suggesting that the pathogen was airborne and probably not limited to a local environmental source.
		The CDC did its own tests, and on Sept. 30 -- six days after the deadly pathogens set off the sensors and well into the incubation period for tularemia -- alerted public health officials across the country to be on the lookout for tularemia, the deadly disease caused by F. tularensis.
	dir.salon.com /story/news/feature/2005/10/18/tularemia/index_np.html (586 words)

	CNN - South fights fire ants with pathogen - Junw 1, 1998
		She lays fewer and fewer eggs, all infected with the pathogen, further weakening the colony.
		Known for their burning sting, fire ants are thought to have spread to the United States aboard ships from South America in the early 1930s.
		The researchers are hoping the pathogen and fly will act as a one-two punch against the fire ants.
	www.cnn.com /TECH/science/9806/01/ants (408 words)

	What is Pathology? What is pathogen? in Organon 6 - Refresher course: 2-2 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		The pathogen should be strong enough to be able to overcome the resistance of V.F and causes change in the vital status.
		Therefore any material can be pathogen for a special person should it would have “the ability to change the vital status”.
		Therefore, the remedy just like the pathogen is a strong and powerful agent that can change the vital status and there is no difference between it and pathogen in their nature.
	www.scientifichom.com /Online_Education/Refresher/2005/2/Course2-2.htm (510 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		A pathogen is a biological agent that can cause disease.
		What follows is a beta list of the known categories of pathogens
		Warts (papillomavirus), similar viruses are believed to contribute to cervical cancer.
	www.wikiwhat.com /encyclopedia/p/pa/pathogen.html (67 words)

	F-Secure Computer Virus Information Pages: SMEG
		The viruses are highly polymorphic, meaning that each infection of the virus looks completely different to those seen before.
		Pathogen and Queeg are memory-resident, polymorphic infectors of COM and EXE files.
		If Pathogen triggers its payload (between the hours of 17:00 and 18:00 on a Monday evening), it will overwrite a part of the hard disk and display the following message:
	www.f-secure.com /v-descs/smeg.shtml (210 words)

	Pathogen (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Although pathogenicity is still in doubt, and symptoms may always be the result of another pathogen, the CDC and most doctors do treat for B. hominis if there are symptoms and no other cause is obvious.
		Most and possibly all cases are asymptomatic, or at least in conjunction with another recognized pathogen.
		It is entirely possible that it will eventually be recognized as a harmless comensal organism and thrown into the scrap heap of the near infinite microbes we share the world with but have no interest in.
	www.ce.berkeley.edu /~nelson/ce210a/Blastocystis/Blastocystis.htm (1510 words)

	The Official Pathogen Website
		Pathogen have parted ways with vocalist Cain Cressal.
		Pathogen have since enlisted the vocal services Michael Lenane and are preparing to
		Pathogen have been invited to play a concert in Adelaide
	www.pathogen.com.au /news.htm (429 words)

	Pathogen Detection
		Pathogen detection is a rapidly evolving field, particularly with the increased need to develop faster, more reliable analytical techniques for discovering biological agents for military use.
		Whether they are detecting biological, chemical, or food-borne agents, researchers and response teams need accurate and precise instruments that can help them quickly determine the presence of a pathogen.
		Parker Life Sciences offers the inert components and valves, miniature components, and comprehensive electromechanical and fluidic systems that help deliver results on the battlefield, in the laboratory, or for hazardous materials teams.
	www.parker.com /ead/cm2.asp?cmid=8038 (96 words)

	PathPort: The Pathogen Portal Web Project
		The user selects a specific pathogen and the corresponding pathogen ID is submitted to Xindice database, whereupon, the returned pathogen document is displayed by the PIML viewer.
		Algorithm: Pimllink webservice apply a similarity metric algorithm to get the most approximate pathogen name which is matching the user provided pathogen name, then fetch pathgen information with this most approximate matching string.
		Currently only pathways for a few pathogens are present, but VBI's researchers are continuing to gather and curate data for this fully referenced and growing database.
	staff.vbi.vt.edu /pathport/services (5223 words)

	Scientists decipher genetic code of biothreat pathogen
		The study found that B. mallei, a highly evolved pathogen that has been deployed in the past as a biological weapon, has an extremely regulated set of virulence genes and an unstable genome that may explain the bacterium's ability to thwart the immune responses of its host animals — mainly horses, mules and donkeys.
		Even though the symptoms of glanders have been known since the description by Hippocrates in 425 B.C., scientists have yet to develop a vaccine that is effective against this highly infectious equine disease.
		"Using the tools of comparative genomics, scientists will be able to deepen the understanding of the molecular reasons why these related pathogens have such different impacts, in terms of their target hosts and their pathogenicity," says TIGR President Claire Fraser, the study's senior author.
	www.medicalnewstoday.com /medicalnews.php?newsid=13780&nfid=rssfeeds (554 words)

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