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| | St. Irene Chrysovalantou | Online Library| ORTHODOXY - A BRIEF HISTORICAL |
 | | Thus, the patriarchate of Constantinople understood its own position to be determined exclusively by the fact that Constantinople, the “new Rome,” was the seat of the Roman emperor and the Senate. |
 | | The patriarchate of Constantinople, although still retaining its honorary primacy in the Orthodox Church, ended as an ecumenical institution in the 19th century when, with the liberation of the Orthodox peoples from Ottoman rule, a succession of autocephalous churches was set up: Greece (1833), Romania (1864), Bulgaria (1871), and Serbia (1879). |
 | | Except for the brief reign of Patriarch Nikon in the mid-17th century, the patriarchs of Moscow and the Russian church were entirely subordinate to the tsars. |
| www.stirene.org /library/orthodoxy_history.htm (1145 words) |
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