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	Patriarch Alexius I at AllExperts
		Patriarch Alexius I (Sergey Simansky) (Russian: ÐÐ°ÑÑÐ¸Ð°ÑÑ ÐÐ»ÐµÐºÑÐ¸Ð¹ I (Ð¡ÐµÑÐ³ÐµÐ¹ Ð¡Ð¸Ð¼Ð°Ð½ÑÐºÐ¸Ð¹) (October 27, 1877 â" April 17, 1970), 13th Patriarch of Moscow and all of Russia, head of the Russian Orthodox Church (ROC) between 1945 and 1970.
		On February 2, 1945 Alexius I was elected Patriarch of Moscow and all of Russia.
		Alexius died from a myocardial infarction at the age of 92 in 1970 and was buried in the Trinity-St Sergius MonasteryTroitse-Sergiyeva Lavra.
	en.allexperts.com /e/p/pa/patriarch_alexius_i.htm (449 words)

	Alexius I and external relations before the First Crusade - by Al. Vasilief
		Anna Comnena, the educated and gifted daughter of the new Emperor, Alexius, said that her father, at the beginning of his reign, viewed the Turkish danger from the east and the Norman from the west, and saw that his Empire was in fatal agony.
		By the charter of Alexius Comnenus a solid foundation was laid for the colonial power of Venice in the East; the conditions established to create her economic preponderance in Byzantium were such as would seem likely to make competition impossible for a long time.
		The statement of the contemporary Anna Comnena that Alexius was sending messages to the West, supports the fact that he must have sent a message to Robert of Flanders, and the probability that this message is the basis of the embellished Latin text which exists today.
	www.ellopos.net /elpenor/vasilief/alexius-i-external-relations.asp (3489 words)

	Patriarch Alexius I - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Patriarch Alexius I (Sergey Simansky) (Russian: Патриарх Алексий I (Сергей Симанский) (October 27, 1877 – April 17, 1970), 13th Patriarch of Moscow and all of Russia, head of the Russian Orthodox Church (ROC) between 1945 and 1970.
		On February 2, 1945 Alexius I was elected Patriarch of Moscow and all of Russia.
		Alexius died from a myocardial infarction at the age of 92 in 1970 and was buried in the Trinity-St Sergius MonasteryTroitse-Sergiyeva Lavra.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Patriarch_Alexius_I (407 words)

	Spartanburg SC \| GoUpstate.com \| Spartanburg Herald-Journal (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		Patriarch Filaret, secular name Mykhailo Antonovych Denysenko, officially, His Holiness, the Patriarch of Kiev and All Rus' - Ukraine Filaret, (born 23 January, 1929) is the head of the Ukrainian Orthodox Church - Kiev Patriarchy that, while being one of two major Orthodox Churches in Ukraine, lacks the canonical standing within the Eastern Orthodox communion.
		Mykhailo Denysenko was born in the Blahodatne village of the Amvrosiivsky Raion (district) in the Donetsk Oblast (province) in the East of Ukraine in a workers' family.
		In the rivalry among the Church hierarchs, Filaret lost the election for the Patriarch of Moscow to Metropolitan Alexius (Alexey Ridiger) of Leningrad and Novgorod (who became enthroned as Patriarch Alexius II) through allegations of improper financial dealings and having a common-law wife (Yevgeniya Petrovna Rodionova) and children in contravention of his monastic vows.
	www.goupstate.com /apps/pbcs.dll/section?category=NEWS&template=wiki&text=Patriarch_Filaret_(Mykhailo_Denysenko) (1785 words)

	Byzantine Empire - New World Encyclopedia Preview
		The first emperor of this line, Alexius I, whose life and policies would be described by his daughter Anna Comnena in the Alexiad, began to reestablish the army on the basis of feudal grants (próniai) and made significant advances against the Seljuk Turks.
		Although Alexius' grandson Manuel I Comnenus was a friend of the Crusaders, neither side could forget that the other had excommunicated them, and the Byzantines were very suspicious of the intentions of the Roman Catholic Crusaders who continually passed through their territory.
		The Italian city-states, who had been granted trading rights in Constantinople by Alexius, became the targets of anti-Western sentiments as the most visible example of Western "Franks" or "Latins." The Venetians were especially disliked, even though their ships were the basis of the Byzantine navy.
	www.newworldencyclopedia.org /preview/Byzantine_Empire (5356 words)

	Roman Emperors DIR Alexius II Comnenus
		Alexius was born on 14 September 1169 and crowned co-emperor in 1171.
		The sentence was commuted to death, the decree affirmed by the signature of the emperor Alexius himself.
		Alexius' body was decapitated and while the head was being displayed to Andronicus, the remainder was being thrown into the sea.
	www.roman-emperors.org /alexiicom.htm (2527 words)

	The Iconoclastic controversy Iconoclasts and iconodules agreed on one fundamental point
		Alexius was tactful in his dealings with the pope and ready to discuss the differences between the churches.
		Alexius reconstituted the army and re-created the fleet, but only by means of stabilizing the gold coinage at one-third of its original value and by imposing a number of supplementary taxes.
		Alexius promoted an alternative source of native manpower by extending the system of granting estates in pronoia (by favour of the emperor) and tying the grant to the military obligation.
	history-world.org /byzantine2.htm (8737 words)

	patriarch (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		Related phrases: patriarch filaret sixth patriarch patriarch gennadius ii patriarch von konstantinopel ecumenical patriarch patriarch ignatius maronite patriarch syrian orthodox patriarch patriarch of all bulgaria patriarch of rome
		Patriarch noemt men in het kerkelijk recht van de christenheid een bisschop met volmachten over een groot kerkelijk gebied, patriarchaat (letterlijk: een samenleving waar mannen het voor het zeggen hebben) genaamd.
		The history of the patriarchs in the Christian faith is long and very complex but to make understanding as simple as possible, remember that the division of the Roman Empire in 395 AD by the Emperor Theodosius not only created two separate empires, but also effectively separated the Roman Church into two parts.
	dict.vocamania.com /patriarch.aspx (553 words)

	Patriarch Alexius II - Wikipedia Mirror
		Image:Inauguration12.jpg Patriarch Alexius II (born February 23, 1929) is the current Patriarch of Moscow and the spiritual leader of the Russian Orthodox Church.
		After the death of Patriarch Pimen I in 1990 Alexei was chosen to become the new Patriarch of The Russian Orthodox Church.
		Patriarch Alexius II was alleged to be a KGB agent during the Soviet era, according to documents smuggled out of Russia by Vasili Mitrokhin and published in England in 1999.
	www.wiki-mirror.be /index.php/Patriarch_Alexius_II (421 words)

	Aleksey I of Russia
		In 1653 the weakness and disorder of Poland, which had just emerged from the savage Cossack war, encouraged Aleksey to attempt to recover from her secular rival the old Russian lands.
		On the 1st of October 1653 a national assembly met at Moscow to sanction the war and find the means of carrying it out, and in April 1654 the army was blessed by Nikon (now patriarch).
		The campaign of 1654 was an uninterrupted triumph, and scores of towns, including the important fortress of Smolensk, fell into the hands of the Muscovites.
	www.ebroadcast.com.au /lookup/encyclopedia/al/Alexius_I_of_Russia.html (797 words)

	Patriarch Nikon Summary
		Alexius appointed Nikon archimandrite, or prior, of the wealthy Novospassky monastery at Moscow, and in 1648 metropolitan of Great Novgorod.
		But his severity raised up a whole host of enemies against him, and by the summer of 1658 they had convinced Alexius that the sovereign patriarch was eclipsing the sovereign tsar.
		Against the second part of this decision, however, the great ecclesiastical expert Epifany Slavenitsky protested energetically, and ultimately the whole inquiry collapsed, the scrupulous tsar shrinking from the enforcement of the decrees of the synod for fear of committing mortal sin.
	www.bookrags.com /Patriarch_Nikon (1759 words)

	St George Alhumayrah Monastery - Crusades
		The people viewed the break of communion with the West as temporary, due to the take-over of the patriarchate of Rome by harsh and uneducated Germanic barbarians, and that ultimately the former unity of the Christian world under the one legitimate Roman Emperor of Constantinople, and the five patriarchates would be restored.
		Orthodox patriarchs, John of Antioch and Simon of Jerusalem, were forced to leave their seats and died in exile.
		Patriarchs of Antioch had to reside in Cyprus, Damascus, or Constantinople until the end of the crusades.
	members.tripod.com /hagia_sophia/alhumayrah_files/crusades.htm (1712 words)

	Roman Emperors DIR Mary of Antioch
		Whereas the emperor Manuel I Comnenus' grandfather Alexius I and his father John II had attempted to solve the question of Latin Crusader Principalities in Syria and Palestine through absorption, whether by treaty or by conquest, Manuel's policy differed from theirs in his acceptance of the independence of the principalities as a fait accompli.
		Her 'lover' the protosebastos Alexius was a widower of about forty-five years of age, and hence a not ineligible match for the empress: Choniates records that it was rumoured that he was planning to depose the young monarch and to marry Maria and seize the throne.
		According to Eustathius the patriarch was seized during a visit to the palace to exchange the Easter kiss of peace with the emperor.
	www.roman-emperors.org /maryant.htm (6425 words)

	Eastern Patriarchates (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		The Treaty of Devol between Antioch and the Byzantine Empire restored the Greek patriarch, though it was never enforced and the Greek patriarch continued to be resident at Constantinople.
		A Latin Patriarch continued to be appointed until the capture of the city by the Mamluks in 1268.
		Patriarch Mar Shimun IV Bassidi ruled that his office would only pass to members of his own family (to a nephew, since the Patriarch was celibate).
	www.hostkingdom.net /orthodox.html (1948 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		The trigger for the First Crusade was Emperor Alexius I's appeal to Pope Urban II for mercenaries to help him resist Muslim advances into territory of the Byzantine Empire.
		However, the response was much larger, and less helpful, than Alexius I desired, as the Pope called for a large invasion force to not merely defend the Byzantine Empire but also retake Jerusalem.
		After Byzantine emperor Alexius I called for help with defending his empire against the Seljuk Turks, in 1095 Pope Urban II called upon all Christians to join a war against the Turks, a war which would count as full penance.
	www.cbn.com /spirituallife/ChurchAndMinistry/ChurchHistory/Crusades_Wikipedia.asp (3485 words)

	Medieval Sourcebook: Anna Comnena: The Alexiad: Book III
		Alexius first directed his attention to the most urgent question and spent the rest of that day and the whole of the night in anxiety about the crowd of soldiers dispersed throughout Byzantium.
		IX Alexius saw that the Empire was nearly at its last gasp, for in the East the Turks were grievously harassing the frontiers whilst in the West things were very bad, as Robert was letting out every reef in his endeavour to foist that Pseudo-Michael, who had appealed to him, upon the throne.
		As Alexius was hearing from many quarters of the tremendous onset Robert was preparing and of the immense number of troops he had collected, and that he was hastening on his march to the coast of Lombardy, he gladly received the proposal of peace.
	www.fordham.edu /halsall/basis/annacomnena-alexiad03.html (8777 words)

	CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Michael Caerularius
		patriarch, honoured him as the great defender of the Orthodox Church, and waited for a chance of renewing his quarrel.
		The only explanation of Michael Cærularius's conduct is that he belonged from the beginning to the extreme wing of that party, and had always meant to break with the pope as soon as he could.
		A breach with the West was thus the first necessary step in a career that was meant to end in a combination of patriarchate and empire in his own person.
	www.newadvent.org /cathen/10273a.htm (1515 words)

	PROFANATION OF HOLY MYSTERIES
		We assume that the "Patriarch" also knows this, as well as the fact that dogs are not permitted to be either in a church (according to the Church Rules the church which a dog incidentally happened to enter, must again undergo the ritual of blessing), or wherever there are holy icons.
		Patriarch Bartholomeos of Constantinople and the Head of the MP's Department of External Affairs Metropolitan Kirill of Smolensk undoubtedly belong to this category of "bishops".
		The Patriarchate's clergy of the recent decades is characterized by their ecumenist inspired theological education which is alien to Orthodoxy, and by their ignorance which is often accompanied by their despotic and rudely arrogant treatment of their own flock.
	ecumenizm.tripod.com /ECUMENIZM/id13.html (6664 words)

	Byzantine Empire 610-1095 by Sanderson Beck
		Patriarch Anastasius died in 753, and a council was held in Constantinople the next year that was attended by 338 iconoclastic bishops but not by eastern patriarchs nor the Pope; thus opponents would later call it the headless council.
		Patriarch Methodius died in 847, and the Studites were mollified by the appointment of Ignatius, son of Emperor Michael I; he had been castrated when his father was deposed and had become a monk.
		The Emperor and patriarch were to rule the state and church in harmony for the material and spiritual welfare of humanity.
	www.san.beck.org /AB15-ByzantineEmpire.html (17708 words)

	Foreign affairs under the last Comneni, Alexius II and Andronicus I - by Al. Vasilief
		After Manuel's death his twelve-year old son, Alexius II (1180-83), ascended the throne, and his mother Mary (Maria) of Antioch was proclaimed regent; her favorite Alexius Comnenus, Manuel's nephew, however, had the direction of all state affairs.
		In order to make his position more solid, he married the widow of Alexius II, Agnes (Anne) of France, who, at the death of her fourteen-year-old husband, was not quite twelve years of age.
		Furthermore, a western chronicle affords very interesting evidence that in 1185 Andronicus, against the will of the patriarch, constructed a church in Constantinople upon which he bestowed an ample revenue, where the Latin Catholic priests officiated according to their rite; up to this day that church is called the Latin church.
	www.ellopos.net /elpenor/vasilief/alexius-ii-andronicus-i.asp (2075 words)

	Popes & Patriarchs of Constantinople, Jerusalem, Alexandria, Antioch, etc.
		the Patriarchs of Constantinople, Jerusalem, Alexandria, Antioch, Armenia, and the East; Archbishops of Canterbury and Prince Archbishops of Mainz, Trier, Cologne, and Salzburg
		The Patriarchate of Armenia was thus regarded by the Roman Church as heterodox.
		Similarly heterodox was the Patriarchate of the East, seated at the Sassanid capital of Ctesiphon, which had not accepted the decision of the Third Ecumenical Council.
	www.friesian.com /popes.htm (9005 words)

	The Epistles of Metropolitan Vitaly First Hierarch of the Russian Orthodox Church Outside of Russia
		In other words, the Moscow Patriarchate, which is the direct heir of the Soviet executioners, arrayed in the fleece of an innocent sheep put on over its wolf's hide, is now glorifying the murdered and tormented victims of its own communist leaders.
		That most lawful Patriarch of Russia, Tikhon, who was lawfully and freely elected to this highest office in the hierarchy of Russia, blessed all of us who left the borders of our fatherland and gave a directive (No. 362) on the basis of which a new Church administration was established outside Russia.
		Patriarch Tikhon himself, for his disobedience to the Communist Party at that time, was condemned to die a martyr's death.
	www.monasterypress.com /Metlet.html (4894 words)

	Alexei II (Ridiger) of Moscow - OrthodoxWiki (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		His Holiness Patriarch Alexei II (Ridiger) of Moscow (born February 23, 1929) is the current Patriarch of Moscow and the head of the Russian Orthodox Church.
		On June 23, 1964, he was promoted to archbishop; and, on February 25, 1968, at the age of 39 - to metropolitan.
		After the death of Patriarch Pimen I in 1990 Alexei was chosen to become the new head of Russian Orthodox Church.
	orthodoxwiki.org /Alexei_II_(Ridiger)_of_Moscow (209 words)

	Waverley Novels — Volume 12 eBook
		In this manner, therefore, Alexius Comnenus proceeded to the palace of the Patriarch, with as much speed as was consistent with his purpose of avoiding to attract any particular notice as he passed through the street.
		Demanding a secret interview with the Patriarch, Alexius was then ushered into his private library, where he was received by the aged priest with the deepest respect, which the nature of his communication soon changed into horror and astonishment.
		Although Alexius was supposed by many of his own court, and particularly by some members of his own family, to be little better than a hypocrite in his religious professions, yet such severe observers were unjust in branding him with a name so odious.
	www.bookrags.com /ebooks/6661/244.html (399 words)

	Schulers Books (Waverley Volume XII - 65/140) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		The Patriarch was silent, for though he disliked, or rather detested the crusaders, as members of the Latin Church, he yet thought it highly doubtful that in feats of battle they could have been met and overcome by the Grecian forces.
		"For futurity," said the Patriarch, "your grace hath referred yourself to the holy Church, which hath power to bind and loose; your means of propitiating her are ample, and I have already indicated such as she may reasonably expect, in consequence of your repentance and forgiveness."
		So saying, he took leave of the Patriarch, who was highly gratified with the advantages he had obtained for the Church, which many of his predecessors had struggled for in vain.
	www.schulers.com /books/si/w/Waverley_Volume_XII/Waverley_Volume_XII65.htm (1090 words)

	Medieval Sourcebook: Byzantium
		The account of her father, the Byzantine Emperor Alexius I, by Princess Anna Comnena is perhaps the most important historical work by a woman writer written before the modern period.
		Patriarch Anthony: Defending the Position of the Emperor, 1395.
		Charsianeites: Testament of Patriarch Matthew I for the Monastery of Charsianeites Dedicated to the Mother of God Nea Peribleptos (trans.
	www.fordham.edu /halsall/sbook1c.html (3403 words)

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