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Topic: Patriarch Gregory II of Constantinople

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	CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Patriarch and Patriarchate
		Constantinople grew by favour of the emperor, whose centralizing policy found a ready help in the authority of his court bishop.
		Patriarch of Jerusalem was Dagobert of Pisa (1099-1107); the
		Patriarch of Alexandria by Clement V in 1310.
	www.newadvent.org /cathen/11549a.htm (4348 words)

	Patriarch Gregory II of Constantinople - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Gregory II Cyprius (Greek Γρηγόριος ο Κύπριος) was patriarch of Constantinople between 1283-1289.
		Gregory spoke of an eternal manifestation of the Spirit by the Son.
		Gregory's perception of Trinity was endorsed by the council of Blachernae in 1285.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Gregory_II_of_Constantinople (356 words)

	Encyclopedia: Patriarch of Constantinople
		His titular position is Patriarch of the Orthodox Church of Constantinople, one of the sixteen autocephalous churches and one of the five Christian centers comprising the ancient Pentarchy.
		The Latin Patriarch of Constantinople was one of the four Roman Catholic patriarchs of the east.
		His titular position is Patriarch of the Orthodox Church of Constantinople, one of the sixteen autocephalous Churches, and he is one of the original four Eastern Orthodox patriarchs.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Patriarch-of-Constantinople (1464 words)

	Constantinople
		In 443 Theodosius II came to terms; his subsidy to the Huns was to be doubled, and a great territory south of the Danube was to be left waste, a no-man's-land, between the two empires.
		Constantinople could not afford them out of normal revenue and hence the funds to pay for them had to be raised form abnormal taxation which crippled trade and industry of every kind - at the same time during which very heavy war taxation was to pay for Justinian's and Belisarius' campaigns.
		The accession of another soldier, Michael II the Amorian (the stammerer) was attended by outbreaks of rebellion and his nine year reign was mainly memorable for the loss of Crete to the Corsairs and the invasion of Sicily by the Aglabids.
	www.roman-empire.net /constant/constantinople.html (13388 words)

	Byzantium (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Constantinople was a state-controlled, world trade center which enjoyed the continuous use of a money economy - in contrast to the localized systems found in the west.
		Constantinople could support a population of a million, at a time when it was difficult to find a city in Europe that could sustain more than 50,000.
		Constantinople was paralyzed by factional strife, and for the first time, an invading force captured the city and devastated it far more than the Turks would 250 years later.
	www.yasou.org /byzantium/byz.htm (10267 words)

	CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: St. Gregory the Great
		Gregory's mind and memory were both exceptionally receptive, and it is to the effect produced on him by these disasters that we must attribute the tinge of sadness which pervades his writings and especially his clear expectation of a speedy end to the world.
		Gregory of Tours tells us that in grammar, rhetoric and dialectic he was so skilful as to be thought second to none in all Rome, and it seems certain also that he must have gone through a course of legal studies.
		Gregory at once took the surprising step of appointing a tribune on his own authority to take command of the city (Epp., II, xxxiv), and, when no notice of this strong action was taken by the imperial authorities, the pope conceived the idea of himself arranging a separate peace with the Lombards (Epp., II, xlv).
	www.newadvent.org /cathen/06780a.htm (8059 words)

	Roman Emperors - DIR Justin II
		The report continued that Justin II and empress Sophia wanted to see the head of Justin, son of Germanus, after his murder and when it was brought to them, they kicked it.
		Gregory of Tours reports a plot to kill Tiberius in the Hippodrome immediately after his coronation, and when that plan failed, and Justinian bought pardon with 1,500 gold pounds, Sophia continued to scheme.
		350-354, argues that the Chalcedonian patriarch of Antioch, Gregory, was responsible for Justin's suspicions of Mundhir.
	www.roman-emperors.org /justinii.htm (7552 words)

	A History of the General Councils - AD 325 through AD 1870 - Mgr. Philip Hughes
		The patriarch of Constantinople was forced out, for standing by the tradition, and in his place a married layman was installed- -an unheard-of novelty.
		The outcome was a second council at Constantinople, to which 383 bishops came, with Photius as the central figure--but where he presided, and to which the presence of three papal legates gave the full outward sign of the pope's approval.
		The remnants of anti-Photians, at Constantinople and elsewhere, were now told by the pope that he was their lawful patriarch, and that they were not to oppose him in the name of the council of 869, for the former things had passed away.
	www.christusrex.org /www1/CDHN/coun9.html (5792 words)

	HTC: Canonical Status of the Patriarch of Constantinople
		In this document the Patriarch of Constantinople is distinguished from other Eastern patriarchs in that he is recognized as the first among them with the right to resolve any disputes in the other patriarchates.
		The Patriarch of Constantinople retained his high status as Bishop of the capital even after the fall of Byzantium and the occupation of Constantinople by the Turks in 1453.
		The Patriarch of Constantinople’s title as "Ecumenical", which evolved by way of custom, but which of itself does not grant the Patriarch of Constantinople any kind of jurisdiction beyond the borders of his patriarchate, but merely a temporary expansion of that patriarchate in the epoch of the extension of the Byzantine Empire.
	www.holy-trinity.org /ecclesiology/afonsky-constantinople.html (3529 words)

	ORATION II
		This Gregory, the friend of St. Basil, is champion of Nicean Orthodoxy, Patriarch of Constantinople, leader at the II Ecumenical Council.
		Gregory was well aware of the liturgical responsibility of the priest, whether bishop or presbyter, which had been already established in the Church and he had occasions to discuss them elsewhere in his writings.
		Gregory admits that this discernment is a very complicated matter and "to give you a perfectly exact view of them, so that you may in brief comprehend the medical art is quite impossible...." It will be a matter of experience and practice.
	holytrinitymission.org /books/english/priesthood_gregory_theologian.htm (11155 words)

	Filioque clause
		A similar test of the Roman pope's supremacy came in the ninth century when there was some dispute as to whether Photius or Ignatius was Patriarch of Constantinople.
		An Orthodox Patriarch of Constantinople, Gregory II, of Cyprus (1241-1290), proposed a different formula which has also been considered as an Orthodox "answer" to the filioque, though it does not have the status of official Orthodox doctrine.
		Gregory spoke of an eternal manifestation of the Spirit by the Son -- that is, he held that the Son eternally manifests (shows forth) the Holy Spirit.
	www.brainyencyclopedia.com /encyclopedia/f/fi/filioque_clause.html (1001 words)

	Saint Patrick's Church: Saints of February 11
		The 89th pope, Saint Gregory, became involved in church affairs in his youth, was educated at the Lateran, became a subdeacon under Pope Saint Sergius, served as treasurer and librarian of the Church under four popes, and became widely known for his learning and wisdom.
		Gregory opposed Leo's illegal taxation on the Italians, and counseled against the planned revolt of Italy against Byzantium and the election of an emperor in opposition to Leo.
		Gregory's relations with the Lombards who were intent upon conquering Italy were friendly mainly due to his influence with their leader, Liutprand (Benedictines, Delaney, Encyclopedia, Farmer).
	www.saintpatrickdc.org /ss/0211.htm (3526 words)

	Saint Patrick's Church: Saints of January 2
		Gregory was the eldest son of Saint Nonna and Saint Gregory Nazianzen the Elder, who was a Jew converted by his wife and who was bishop of Nazianzus for 45 years.
		Gregory was acclaimed archbishop of Constantinople during the council and installed in the basilica of Santa Sophia.
		Gregory is often called "the Theologian" or "the Divine" for the depth and eloquence of his defense of orthodoxy.
	www.saintpatrickdc.org /ss/0102.htm (7394 words)

	The Early Centuries of the Greek Roman East
		Constantinople was founded by the Roman emperor Constantine I (324-337) who wanted to establish, for various political reasons, a new capital city for the Roman Empire in the east.
		With a new capital in Constantinople, the synthesis between Classical and Christian culture complete, and a new sense of unity and stability, the world of the Eastern Roman empire, was ready for another thousand years of life in the Middle ages.
		In 527 emperor Justinian succeeded to the throne in Constantinople.
	www.greece.org /Romiosini/constple.html (6837 words)

	Patriarch of Constantinople (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Yet there remains a consensus that Constantinople's primacy of honour, recognized by the ancient canons because it was the capital of the ancient empire, should remain as a symbol and tool of Church unity and cooperation.
		The authority of the Patriarch of Constantinople was motivated in a formal fashion by the fact that he was the Bishop of the "New Rome," where the emperor and the senate also resided (canon 28 of the Council of Chalcedon, 451).
		The culminating point was, of course, the sack of Constantinople itself in 1204, the enthronement of a Latin emperor on the Bosporus, and the installation of a Latin patriarch in Hagia Sophia.
	www.reu.org /public/theological/Schism1054/webdoc6.htm (3330 words)

	CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Constantinople
		Constantinople had, therefore, to sustain numberless sieges; it was attacked in 378 by the Goths, by the Avars and Persians during the reign of Heraclius (610-41), by the Arabs during the reign of
		Constantinople, with a remarkable literary revival, inaugurated as early as the tenth century by the Macedonian dynasty and carried to its perfection under the Comneni and the Palæologi.
		The Catholic patriarchs of the Chaldeans and the
	www.newadvent.org /cathen/04301a.htm (6668 words)

	CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: First Council of Constantinople
		Constantinople is New Rome the bishop of that city should have a pre-eminence of honour after the Bishop of Old Rome.
		Greeks maintained (an equally erroneous thesis) that it declared the bishop of the royal city in all things the equal of the pope.
		patriarch, and in 1439, at the Council of Florence, for the Greek
	www.newadvent.org /cathen/04308a.htm (666 words)

	An Open Letter to Patriarch Ilia II of Georgia
		The emergency synod meeting followed the publication earlier this month of an open letter to Patriarch Ilia by Archimandrite Georgi, Father Superior of the influential Shio-Mgvima Monastery, stating that his monastery was halting "communion with Catholicos-Patriarch Ilia II because of his ecumenical heresy".
		Archimandrite Georgi was supported by the leaders of the other main monasteries in the country and on 19 May, a group of parish priests called on Patriarch Ilia to withdraw from the WCC, stating that their communities would follow the lead of the monasteries and also sever communion with the patriarch.
		Archpriest Victor Petlyuchenko, deputy chairman of the Moscow Patriarchate's Department of External Church Relations and one of the Russian Orthodox Church's senior ecumenical officers told ENI that the decision of the Georgian Patriarchate was a
	www.kosovo.com /georgia.html (2568 words)

	Fourth Orthodox Church is established in Ukraine (12/29/02)
		The new metropolitan explained that his canonical authority comes from Ecumenical Patriarch Gregory II of Constantinople, who declared in 1924 that Ukraine should have a Ukrainian Autocephalous Orthodox Church outside the jurisdiction of the Russian Orthodox Church because, as the patriarch explained at that time, the ROC had taken Ukraine under its wing illegally.
		Patriarch Gregory II gave the Polissia, Kholm and Volyn regions of Ukraine to the new UAOC and appointed Metropolitan Dionysius its leader.
		Patriarch Filaret responded to news of the new Church by stating that its leaders are impostors, while the UAOC simply voiced surprise that another Orthodox Church was using its name and said it would officially respond later.
	www.ukrweekly.com /Archive/2002/520208.shtml (1243 words)

	The World Seen From Rome
		Gregory Nazianzen and John Chrysostom are returned to the patriarch of Constantinople.
		On Saturday, John Paul II is scheduled to turn over the relics of the doctors of the Eastern Church to Patriarch Bartholomew I, in an ecumenical ceremony in St. Peter's Basilica.
		According to the Pontifical Council for Promoting Christian Unity, when Patriarch Bartholomew I met John Paul II in Rome last June 29, he invited the Pope to Istanbul and asked if the relics of the saints could be returned from the Vatican to the See of Constantinople.
	www.zenit.org /english/visualizza.phtml?sid=62567 (545 words)

	St. Gregory III
		Not unnaturally angry, Gregory was going to degrade George from the priesthood, but the clergy of a synod held to consider the situation, persuaded the Pope to let George off with a penance.
		The Emperor also transferred the Church in Calabria, Sicily, and Illyricum from the jurisdiction of the bishop of Rome as patriarch to the jurisdiction of the patriarch of Constantinople.
		And in spite of the fact that it had been thus arbitrarily given to them by a heretical emperor, the patriarchs of Constantinople clung to their increased jurisdiction.
	www.ewtn.com /library/MARY/GREG3.htm (567 words)

	Omophorion of the Patriarch Ieremias II (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		In both pairs of bands the larger circles frame seraphs, while the smaller ones in the upper band enclose cruciform guilloches and in the lower band the inscription: 'ÉÅÑÅÌÉÏÕ ÐÁÔÑÉÁÑ×ÏÕ - ÔÇÓ ÐÁÌÌÁÊÁÑÉÓÔÏÕ' (Patriarch Ieremias - of the Pammakaristos).
		eremias II (1536-95), who acceded to the Patriarchal throne in 1572, was a distinguished theological scholar.
		He travelled to Moscow in 1589 to consecrate the first Russian Patriarch, Job, formerly Metropolitan of Moscow, an act subsequently recognised by the Synod in Constantinople.
	www.culture.gr /2/21/218/218ck/e218ck3.html (367 words)

	Constantine Palaeologus the last Hellene emperor
		In 1442 Turks under Murad, sieged Constantinople which was defended by emperor John VIII Palaeologos, while Constantine fought Turks in island of Limnos.
		A little less than three years later, on Dec. 12, 1452, the union of the Roman Catholic and Greek Orthodox churches was proclaimed in Constantinople in the presence of the papal legate and the Patriarch Gregory.
		Constantinople was finally his and he intended to make it the capital of his mighty Empire.
	members.fortunecity.com /fstav1/emperors/conpaleo.html (4518 words)

	Partiarch Gregory III of Antioch, Alexandria, and Jerusalem
		Patriarch of the cities of Antioch, Alexandria and Jerusalem, of Cilicia, Syria, Iberia, Arabia Mesopotamia, Pentapolis, Ethiopia, of all of Egypt and the entire East, Father of Fathers, Pastor of Pastors, Bishop of Bishops, the Thirteenth of the Holy Apostles
		Patriarch Gregory III was born in Daraya, near Damascus, Syria, in 1933.
		Appointed by Patriarch Maximos V Hakim as president of the Patriarchal Liturgical Commission, he edited "the Anthologion," the prayer book of the Melkite Greek Catholic Church in four volumes, and "the Book of the Liturgies," a complete and updated compendium of the Divine Liturgy.
	www.melkite.org /Patriarch.html (840 words)

	Gregory
		Gregory, a distant relative of Heraclius (son of Heraclius' cousin Nicetas) became exarch of Carthage during
		In an effort to alleviate the religious conflict in the exarchate, Gregory arranged a public debate (disputation) between the most prominent Orthodox supporter, Maximus the Confessor, and the monothelite Pyrrhus, patriarch of Constantinople, in July of 645.
		Gregory gathered an army and forced a battle on the plains near Sufetula were he was defeated and killed.
	www.roman-emperors.org /gregory.htm (358 words)

	Popes & Patriarchs of Constantinople, Jerusalem, Alexandria, Antioch, etc.
		the Patriarchs of Constantinople, Alexandria, Antioch, Jerusalem, Armenia, and the East; Archbishops of Canterbury and Prince Archbishops of Mainz, Trier, Cologne, and Salzburg
		The Patriarchate of Armenia was thus regarded by the Roman Church as heterodox.
		Gregory, Sylvester, and Benedict were all pushed aside by the Emperor Henry III, who installed Clement II (1046).
	www.friesian.com /popes.htm (8551 words)

	Byzantine Empire, Part One (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Constantinople could support a population of a million, at a time when it was
		patriarch Photius and Pope Nicholas I in the middle of the ninth century.
		patriarch and church and dealt with the side that gave him the better bargain.
	history-world.org /Byzatines.htm (4084 words)

	Catholic World News : Pope returns relics to Orthodox Patriarchate
		Patriarch Bartholomew was making his 4th visit to the Vatican since being elected as the 273rd Patriarch of Constantinople in October 1991.
		Although both St. John Chrysostom and St. Gregory Nazianzen were Patriarchs of Constantinople, their relics have been in Rome for centuries.
		The relics of St. Gregory Nazianzen were brought to the Vatican during the 8th-century iconoclastic controversy, when the emperors outlawed the veneration of relics.
	www.cwnews.com /news/viewstory.cfm?recnum=33690 (529 words)

	ECUMENICAL PATRIARCH BARTHOLOMEW TO RECEIVE RELICS OF ST. JOHN CHRYSOSTOM AND ST. GREGORY THE THEOLOGIAN FROM POPE JOHN ...
		Gregory the Theologian to Orthodox Christians around the world, Pope John Paul II has agreed to return the relics of these two great Fathers of the Church and Ecumenical Teachers to their original resting place in the Ecumenical Patriarchate in Constantinople.
		The relics of St. John Chrysostom and St. Gregory the Theologian were taken from Constantinople in 1204 by mercenary crusaders.
		Both Saints were famed preachers, theologians and predecessors of Ecumenical Patriarch Bartholomew to the throne of Constantinople, St. Gregory from 379 to 381 and St. John from 398 to 404.
	www.goarch.org /en/special/relics/index.asp (491 words)

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