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	Latin Patriarch of Constantinople - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Latin Patriarch of Constantinople was one of the four Roman Catholic "patriarchs of the east".
		In 1204, the Fourth Crusade invaded, seized and sacked Constantinople, and established the Latin Empire.
		The Latin establishment was defeated and dispossessed in 1261, although the Latin Patriarchate persisted, based at St.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Latin_Patriarch_of_Constantinople (253 words)

	Encyclopedia: Patriarch of Constantinople (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		His titular position is Patriarch of the Orthodox Church of Constantinople, one of the sixteen autocephalous churches and one of the five Christian centers comprising the ancient Pentarchy.
		The Orthodox Church of Constantinople is one of the fifteen autocephalous Eastern Orthodox churches.
		In 531 the dispute between Rome and Constantinople was revived by the appeal of Stephen, metropolitan of Larissa, to Pope Boniface II, against the sentence of Epiphanius.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Patriarch-of-Constantinople (1451 words)

	Western Christianity
		The crusades were a series of wars launched by the church from the 11th to the 13th centuries with the purpose of recovering the holy lands that had fallen under the control of the advancing Muslim armies.
		A Latin patriarch was appointed to rule over Constantinople and the Greek church was placed under the authority of the Pope.
		In 1261 the Byzantine empire regained Constantinople but, greatly weakened by the conflict, was unable to withstand the advances of the advancing Islamic armies and in 1453 Constantinople fell to the Ottoman empire.
	philtar.ucsm.ac.uk /encyclopedia/christ/west/westessay.html (2127 words)

	Patriarch of Constantinople (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		His titular position is Patriarch of the Orthodox Church of Constantinople one of the sixteen autocephalous Churches he is one of the original four Orthodox patriarchs.
		Within Roman Catholic administration it was not until the Catholic Fourth Lateran Council in 1215 that the Latin Patriarch of Constantinople was recognized as having such status; 1439 the Council of Florence (not recognized by the Orthodox Church ecumenical) gave it to the Greek patriarch.
		Patriarch Bortholomew I of Constantinople is a realist leader of the Orthodox Church (not to suggest that the other leaders are unrealistic.) He realizes that everything in the world doesn't fit into easy little boxes and that there are tough challenges f...
	www.freeglossary.com /Ecumenical_Patriarch (598 words)

	HTC: Canonical Status of the Patriarch of Constantinople
		Thus, writes Ostroumov, thanks to the perverse interpretation of the canons of Chalcedon and the linkage with the theory of "the scepter’s transfer" the idea of the "pope in the East" or "the theory of Eastern Papism" was born.
		The Patriarch of Constantinople retained his high status as Bishop of the capital even after the fall of Byzantium and the occupation of Constantinople by the Turks in 1453.
		The Patriarch of Constantinople’s title as "Ecumenical", which evolved by way of custom, but which of itself does not grant the Patriarch of Constantinople any kind of jurisdiction beyond the borders of his patriarchate, but merely a temporary expansion of that patriarchate in the epoch of the extension of the Byzantine Empire.
	www.holy-trinity.org /ecclesiology/afonsky-constantinople.html (3529 words)

	Patriarch of Constantinople Preaches Environmentalism
		When Bartholomew became ecumenical patriarch in 1991, soon after the collapse of communism, the widespread abuse of nature had been named as one of the Soviets' worst legacies.
		Patriarch Bartholomew, who is 59, is not the pioneer of modern church environmentalism.
		The patriarch's drive to embrace environmentalism, according to some of his aides, is part of his broader agenda to modernize his church and make it more relevant to people's lives.
	chora.virtualave.net /environmental-patriarch.htm (1006 words)

	Patriarch of Constantinople - Armeniapedia.org (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The Patriarch of Constantinople is today head of the Armenian Apostolic Christians of Turkey and Crete.
		Patriarch Karapet II of Constantinople served five separate pontificates (1676-1679, 1680-1681, 1681-1684, 1686-1687 and 1688-1689).
		In 1896 Patriarch Matteos III Izmirlian of Constantinople was deposed and exiled to Jerusalem by Sultan Abd-ul-Hamid II for boldly denouncing the 1896 massacre and was only permitted to return in 1908 when the Sultan himself was deposed.
	www.armeniapedia.org /index.php?title=Patriarch_of_Constantinople (190 words)

	Athenagoras I (Spyrou) of Constantinople - OrthodoxWiki
		Ecumenical Patriarch Athenagoras I (left) with Pope Paul VI Patriarch Athenagoras I (March 25, 1886 - July 7, 1972) was the 268th Patriarch of Constantinople from 1948 to 1972.
		Patriarch Athenagoras was born Aristokles Spyrou in Vasilikón, near Ioánnina, Epirus, Greece, on March 25, 1886.
		As patriarch, he was actively involved with the World Council of Churches and improving relations with the Bishop of Rome.
	www.orthodoxwiki.org /Athenagoras_I_(Spyrou)_of_Constantinople (488 words)

	Balsamon on the Powers of the Patriarch of Constantinople
		THE Bishop of Constantinople, however, shall have the prerogative of honour after the Bishop of Rome; because Constantinople is New Rome.
		But I, who am the most unmixed citizen of Constantinople, and have been part of the most holy throne of Constantinople, both want and pray that Constantinople has, by the grace of God and without any stumbling block, all the privileges bestowed upon her by the divine canons.
		"was the patriarch's hand and mouth...for which reason the keys of the kingdom of heaven are given to the chartophylax".
	www.fordham.edu /halsall/source/balsamon-cpl.html (1294 words)

	Councils of Constantinople
		Constantinople II was convoked by Justinian I in 553, to condemn the Nestorian writings called the "Three Chapters." Under the virtual tutelage of the emperor, the council proscribed Nestorianism and reconfirmed the doctrine that Christ's two natures, one human and one divine, are perfectly united in one person.
		Constantinople III was summoned by Constantine IV in 680-81 with the consent of Pope Agatho.
		However, if the patriarch of Constantinople and his suffragan bishops come to know of any others who have committed crimes of this kind and neglect to act against them with the necessary zeal, they must be deposed and debarred from the dignity of their priesthood.
	mb-soft.com /believe/txs/constant.htm (14167 words)

	Constantinople on Encyclopedia.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The Church of Hagia Sophia, the sacred palace of the emperors (a city in itself); the huge hippodrome, center of the popular life; and the Golden Gate, the chief entrance into the city; were among the largest of the scores of churches, public edifices, and monuments that lined the broad arcaded avenues and squares.
		Constantinople had a great wealth of artistic and literary treasures before it was sacked in 1204 and 1453.
		Claude Smadja (WEF), Bartholomew I (Patriarch of Constantinople).
	www.encyclopedia.com /html/c/constnti.asp (888 words)

	Catholic Culture : Document Library : Eastern Rites: the Patriarch
		Each patriarch governed a territory of the Church: The patriarch of Rome governed the whole Church in the West; the patriarch of Alexandria, the area of Egypt and Palestine; and the Patriarch of Antioch, Syria, Asia Minor, Greece and the remainder of the Church in the East.
		In the mind of the patriarch, since Rome had declined in stature and since Constantinople was now the viable capital of the Roman Empire (or what was left of it), he thought he should be recognized as the head of the Church — in a sense, "New Rome" should be the home of the pope.
		The patriarch of Constantinople was recognized as the spiritual head of the Orthodox Churches, but he did not have any juridic authority over them, except those of his own patriarchate.
	www.catholicculture.org /docs/doc_view.cfm?recnum=2728 (1253 words)

	Constantine Palaeologus the last Hellene emperor
		In 1442 Turks under Murad, sieged Constantinople which was defended by emperor John VIII Palaeologos, while Constantine fought Turks in island of Limnos.
		The Venetian Bailo (the Head of the Venetian Community at Constantinople) Girolamo Minotto and his countrymen were charged with the defence of the region of Blachernae, where the Imperial Palace was located.
		Constantinople was finally his and he intended to make it the capital of his mighty Empire.
	members.fortunecity.com /fstav1/emperors/conpaleo.html (4324 words)

	[No title]
		The Patriarchate of Constantinople is the spiritual center of the Orthodox Church.
		It is seen as the Mother Church by the ancient Patriarchates of Alexandria, Antioch, Jerusalem, by the younger autocephalous Churches of Russia, Serbia, Romania, Bulgaria, Georgia, Cyprus, Greece, Poland, and Albania, and by the autonomous churches of Czechoslovakia, Finland and Estonia.
		The Patriarch of Constantinople is considered as the highest authority of the Orthodox Church.
	www.serfes.org /biography/patriach.htm (1571 words)

	Patriarch of Constantinople (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		From the 4th to the 11th century, Constantinople, the center of Eastern Christianity, was also the capital of the Eastern Roman, or Byzantine, Empire, while Rome, after the barbarian invasions, fell under the influence of the Holy Roman Empire of the West, a political rival.
		The authority of the Patriarch of Constantinople was motivated in a formal fashion by the fact that he was the Bishop of the "New Rome," where the emperor and the senate also resided (canon 28 of the Council of Chalcedon, 451).
		The culminating point was, of course, the sack of Constantinople itself in 1204, the enthronement of a Latin emperor on the Bosporus, and the installation of a Latin patriarch in Hagia Sophia.
	www.reu.org /public/theological/Schism1054/webdoc6.htm (3330 words)

	Quo Vadis Constantinople Patriarchate?
		The Patriarch of Constantinople absconded with these dioceses, and attempted to justify his actions by saying that Patriarch Tikhon's position in the former Russian territory was no longer free, so therefore he could do as he pleased.
		Patriarch Tikhon condemned [a similar] violation of Church canons in a letter to Metropolitan Dionysios, in which he directly affirmed that the transfer of the Polish Orthodox Church from its canonical submission to the Russian Church to another see was illegal.
		Patriarch Tikhon wrote, 'The late Patriarch Gregory VII, under pressure from the Lutheran government in Finland, agreed, even in regards to Holy Pascha [to change the calendar], disregarding the anathemas placed on such changes by the holy Councils (the First and Antiochian, canon 1 and the seventh Apostolic canon).
	www.orthodoxinfo.com /ecumenism/quovadis.aspx (4062 words)

	Reference.com/Encyclopedia/Patriarch Fravitta of Constantinople
		The emperor Zeno, ashamed of his failure, entrusted the election of the new patriarch to the clergy.
		This document was carried to Rome by Catholic monks of Constantinople who had always kept separate from Acacius and his friend Mongus.
		When the pope, however, wished the monks from Constantinople to undertake that the names of Acacius and Mongus should be rejected from the diptychs, they replied that they had no instructions on that point.
	www.reference.com /browse/wiki/Fravitta (457 words)

	Patriarch of Constantinople presses pope not to recognize Ukrainian Catholic Patriarchate (02/15/04)
		That comment was contained in a letter written by the patriarch of Constantinople to Pope John Paul II on November 29, 2003.
		The ecumenical patriarch responded by rejecting Cardinal Kasper's document, describing it as "erroneous, confused, unacceptable, provocative" and warning of the negative consequences of recognizing a Greek-Catholic Patriarchate in Ukraine.
		For example, the Bulgarians were under the Patriarchate of Constantinople, who according to Orthodox practice, imposed upon them a Greek hierarchy, until the Bulgarians had enough and declared their independence, erecting their own patriarchate.
	www.ukrweekly.com /Archive/2004/070401.shtml (847 words)

	PDS Russia Religion News October 2000
		Patriarch Bartholomew of Constantinople began his visit with a liturgy at the church of the Transfiguration which is the chief church of the Estonian Apostolic Orthodox Church that is subordinate to the Constantinopolitan throne.
		Patriarch Bartholomew, in his turn, presented to the president of Estonia the order of the "Sacred Cross of the Most Blessed Virgin Mary." The patriarch emphasized that by this award he wished to recognize and perpetuate the president's services to the Estonian Apostolic Orthodox Church and the people of Estonia.
		Yet, the Constantinople refused to return the obtained legal rights to the historical church property to the parishes of the Estonian Orthodox Church of the Moscow Patriarchate, which has possessed this property (18 churches and premises of church administration) for centuries and is actually using it at present.
	www.stetson.edu /~psteeves/relnews/0010c.html (7936 words)

	CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: St. Gennadius I
		Gennadius succeeded Anatolius as Bishop of Constantinople in 458.
		About the same time St. Daniel the Stylite began to live on a column near Constantinople, apparently without the Patriarch's leave, and certainly without the permisslon of Gelasius, the owner of the property where the pillar stood, who strongly objected to this strange invasion of his land.
		The Emperor Leo protected the ascetic, and some time later sent St. Gennadius to ordain him priest, which he is said to have done standing at the foot of the column, since St. Daniel objected to being ordained, and refused to let the bishop mount the ladder.
	www.newadvent.org /cathen/06416a.htm (504 words)

	Greek Orthodox Church (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		I believe that the church, or the archbishop, uses a flag which is red with a yellow cross and four golden firesteels (B like symbols) in the four quarters (the ones near the hoist are regular Bs the ones in the fly are inverted).
		Churches in the North display the Patriarchate fl double-headed eagle (another Byzantine symbol - after all the Patriarch's title is at least as old as the Byzantine Empire and was closely connected to it).
		However, the Patriarch is officially the "Spiritual Leader" of the "Autonomous Monastic State of Ayion Oros", (also styled "Athonian Republic"), that is, he is the Head of that Autonomous State.
	www.crwflags.com /fotw/flags/gr-ortho.html (1565 words)

	Photius, SAINT
		Patriarch of Constantinople (858-867 and 877-886, feast day February 6), is considered the greatest of all Byzantine patriarchs.
		In addition, Photios established, or reorganized, the patriarchal school in Constantinople for the education of priests in literature and philosophy as well as in theology.
		It was the precedents and the increase in patriarchal authority that developed under Photios which enabled the Church and subsequent patriarchs to surmount the difficult times which followed for both the state and Church.
	members.fortunecity.com /fstav1/people/photius.html (616 words)

	CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Acacius (Patriarch of Constantinople)
		On the death of the Patriarch Gennadius, in 471, he was chosen to succeed him, and for the first five or six years of his episcopate his life was uneventful enough.
		It was a specious and far-reaching scheme, but it laid bare eventually the ambitions of the Patriarch of Constantinople and revealed him, to use Cardinal Hergenröther's illuminating phrase, as "the forerunner of Photius."
		And under this aspect it suggests a significant comparison with another and better known set of "articles" composed nearly eleven centuries later, when the leaders of the Anglican schism were thridding a careful way between the extremes of Roman teaching on the one side and of Lutheran and Calvinistic negations on the other.
	www.newadvent.org /cathen/01082a.htm (1074 words)

	Lives of the Saints
		Saint Tarasius was born in Constantinople, in the family of the affluent and notable courtiers George and Eucratia, who brought up their son in the fear of God and provided him with a good education.
		In 783, when Patriarch Paul of Constantinople died and the question of his successor arose, in the entire city of Constantinople there was not a worthier candidate to be found than the senator Tarasius, who was directly elected to the position of patriarch.
		The council totally condemned the heresy of iconoclasm, condemned the false council that had been convened by Copronimus, and triumphantly restored the worship of icons by determining that in honoring the icons we honor and worship those who are depicted on them.
	www.holy-transfiguration.org /library_en/saints_taras.html (520 words)

	Patriarch Demophilus of Constantinople (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		386) was bishop of Berea and bishop of Constantinople from 370 until expelled in 380.
		14) he elected by the Arians to the bishopric of Constantinople (Socr.
		The same writer says Demophilus was wont to throw everything into especially the doctrines of the church and from a sermon at Constantinople in which spoke of the human nature of the as lost in the divine as a of milk when poured into the sea Patrol.
	www.freeglossary.com /Demophilus_of_Constantinople (457 words)

	St John the Faster
		At church and state functions where banquets offered all manner of food, the ecumenical patriarch never went beyond the simple necessities of life which seemed to afford him greater pleasure than the offerings consumed by the heartiest of eaters.
		It was not miracles but John's hard work that raised the patriarchate to an exalted level, one that is outstanding in a long history of exalted patriarchs.
		When a call for a delay of the festivity was issued by an outraged patriarch, it was ignored by those whose interests lay irreverently outside of respect for the holy day.
	home.it.net.au /~jgrapsas/pages/Faster.htm (643 words)

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