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	Howstuffworks "How Patriot Missiles Work"
		The Patriot missile system has a remarkable goal: It is designed to detect, target and then hit an incoming missile that may be no more than 10 to 20 feet (3 to 6 meters) long and is typically flying at three to five times the speed of sound.
		Patriot missile batteries were activated several times in the Iraqi war and were used extensively in the 1991 Gulf war.
		Since a Patriot missile battery can have up to 16 launchers, and there are also spare missiles to re-supply the launchers as missiles are fired, you can see that deploying a Patriot missile battery is not a small endeavor.
	science.howstuffworks.com /patriot-missile.htm (568 words)

	The Fatal Flaws in the Patriot Missile System
		This time around the Patriot missile was going to live up to all the hype, unlike in the first installment of the Gulf War when the missiles nearly struck out against Iraqi Scuds, the softballs of the ballistic missile world.
		The Patriot missile is based on 1970s technology and was originally designed for use as an anti-aircraft weapon, a role it reverted to with tragic consequences in the latest Gulf War.
		In the 1980s, the Patriot was modified to serve as an anti-ballistic missile system for use against short-range rocket attacks.
	www.dissidentvoice.org /Articles4/StClair_Patriot-Flaws.htm (1350 words)

	Army Technology - Patriot Missile - Air Defense System
		Patriot is a long-range, all-altitude, all-weather air defence system to counter tactical ballistic missiles, cruise missiles and advanced aircraft.
		The target acquisition system in the missile acquires the target in the terminal phase of flight and transmits the data using the TVM downlink via the ground radar to the engagement control station for final course correction calculations.
		As the missile approaches the target, the TVM guidance system is activated and the missile is steered towards the target.
	www.army-technology.com /projects/patriot/index.html (1075 words)

	The Patriot Missile. Performance in the Gulf War Reviewed
		The Patriot system has a 7.4 foot long missile powered by a single stage solid propellant rocket motor that runs at mach 3 speeds.The missile itself weighs 2200 pounds and its range is 43 miles.
		The Patriot is armed with a 200 pound high-explosive warhead detonated by a proximity fuse that causes shrapnell to destroy the intended target.
		In a conventional war a Scud missile landing in the desert or the sea instead of a populated city is acceptable.
	www.cdi.org /issues/bmd/Patriot.html (2754 words)

	friendly printed version:Hold your applause: the Patriot missile defense system’s wartime record reveals a ...
		The Patriot missile defense system was involved in three friendly fire incidents resulting in the deaths of one American and two British pilots.
		What seems to be gaining popularity as an explanation is that, due to the extremely cluttered environment the Patriots were operating in and the resulting electronic interference that may have been generated by the radars operating in close proximity, the radar system simply failed to recognize the aircraft as aircraft.
		The Patriot will undoubtedly be deployed in the future against countries which have cruise missiles; that the Patriot failed to even note the missiles is discouraging.
	www.cdi.org /friendlyversion/printversion.cfm?documentID=999 (2040 words)

	GAO Report: Patriot Missile Defense-- Software Problem Led to System Failure at Dhahran, Saudi Arabia.
		The Patriot is an Army surface-to-air, mobile, air defense missile system.
		Patriot Project Office officials said that the Patriot system will not track a Scud when there is a range gate shift of 50 percent or more.
		Patriot locations was due to the time it took to arrange for air and ground transportation in a wartime environment.
	www.fas.org /spp/starwars/gao/im92026.htm (2714 words)

	MIM-104 Patriot - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Patriot is the only ABM system to have successfully engaged and destroyed a tactical ballistic missile (TBM) in combat and the only SAM system which has successfully provided a maneuver force with tactical ballistic missile protection.
		Patriot was developed at the Redstone Arsenal in Huntsville, Alabama, which had previously developed the Safeguard ABM system and its component Spartan and Sprint missiles.
		PATRIOT was designed with proximity fused warheads, which are designed to explode immediately prior to hitting a target spraying shrapnel out in a fan in front of the missile, either destroying or disabling the target.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Patriot_missile (7182 words)

	Performance of the Patriot Missile Defense System
		They may depend on Patriot battalions destroying almost all of the enemy missiles, as the Army now claims, when the actual defensive capabilities may mean that it could actually miss almost all of the threatening missiles.
		The speed of the Scuds, the limitations of the Patriot missile system, and the confusion and targeting difficulties caused by the breakup of the Scud missile as it reentered the atmosphere seem to have contributed to the high failure rate.
		The Patriot is not designed to explode upon impact with its target, thus, the explosions in the sky were a misleading indicator of success for both troops and the public.
	www.globalsecurity.org /space/library/congress/1992_r/patriot.htm (2597 words)

	Patriot System Performance Again Raises Questions
		The Patriot’s performance against Iraqi Scud missiles during that conflict is the subject of enduring controversy.
		The Army confirmed April 14 that the Patriot batteries were not tasked to defend against enemy aircraft and said the fratricide incidents are under investigation.
		Steven Brecken, a spokesman for Raytheon Integrated Defense Systems of Tewksbury, Mass., the prime contractor for the Patriot system, said his company is cooperating with the friendly fire investigation but had no further comment.
	www.space.com /spacenews/archive03/patriotarch_042903.html (771 words)

	Army Announces Patriot Missile System?s Performance In Operation Iraqi Freedom
		Patriot systems intercepted all nine Iraqi TBM missiles they engaged, with nine of nine intercepts resulting in destruction of the incoming enemy missile.
		Patriot missile operations were conducted on an extremely dense and complex battlefield where more than 41,000 sorties were flown by coalition air forces.
		The system is a unique and viable weapon that is continuously being upgraded and improved to defend against rapidly evolving threats to the U.S. and its allies.
	www.globalsecurity.org /space/library/news/2004/space-041210-army01.htm (408 words)

	PATRIOT
		In addition to U.S. units, the PATRIOT is deployed with the military forces of Germany, the Netherlands, Japan, Italy, Saudi Arabia, and Israel.
		Official Army approval of a proper name for the system was further evidence of the Army's commitment to developing and deploying the PATRIOT system.
		It was the post-war antitactical ballistic missile (ATBM) improvement to the PAC-2 missile.
	www.redstone.army.mil /history/systems/PATRIOT.html (1672 words)

	The Patriot anti-missile system: World: Iraqi Dossier: News24
		Washington - The Patriot anti-missile system was used during the 1991 Gulf War with a lot of fanfare but limited success.
		Conceived as a shield against enemy missiles, the interception system showed its limits during Iraqi Scud missile attacks on Israel and Saudi Arabia at the start of 1991.
		Thirty-nine missiles were fired at Israel, causing the death of two people and wounding several hundred.
	www.news24.com /News24/World/Iraq/0,,2-10-1460_1335533,00.html (186 words)

	frontline: the gulf war: weapons: mim-104 patriot
		Designed in the late 1970s as an anti-aircraft weapon, the Patriot was modified in the mid-1980s to defend against ballistic missiles as well.
		First, the missile's guidance system turns the Patriot toward the target as it flies into the radar beam.
		The television images didn't fully reflect that a number of the Patriots were just wounding Scuds or pushing them off course; big chunks of both missiles then fell to the ground.
	www.pbs.org /wgbh/pages/frontline/gulf/weapons/patriot.html (641 words)

	US friendly fire report 'insidious cover-up'. 30/09/2004. ABC News Online
		By sifting through the data in the appendix in the report, Professor Postol says he discovered that the "missile" signal received by the Patriot unit was a "ghost", an illusory signal that was probably generated by electronic inference from other Patriot units nearby.
		Far from the assertion that the "missile" was heading towards the unit, this false target was in fact heading towards a troop encampment 15 kilometres to the north.
		Still, believing they were under attack, the Patriot crew fired an interceptor missile at the false target, which by this stage had "moved" in the area of the two Tornados.
	www.abc.net.au /news/newsitems/200409/s1210275.htm (661 words)

	CNN.com - Reports clear U.S. soldiers in missile incident - May 18, 2004
		A U.S. Army Patriot missile hit the British GR4a Tornado over Kuwait as it was returning from a mission over Iraq on March 22, 2003.
		British investigators found the Patriot missile system was operating without all of its communications equipment, resulting in a lack of contact with its headquarters, and a limited view of the sky, resulting in "reduced situational awareness," according to the report.
		The Patriot missile system was first used during the Persian Gulf War in 1991 and was credited with a number of enemy missile shoot-downs.
	www.cnn.com /2004/US/05/18/friendly.fire.report (469 words)

	[No title]
		At the last moment I jumped from the missile to the aircraft, climbed in, took the crew prisoner and landed the plane on the USS John F. Kennedy.
		macawman RE:Regarding Scuds and the Patriot Anti-missile system 8/21/2002 1:42:54 PM Saddam is believed to have had aproximately 12 launchers left at the end of the war according to defectors and Frontline.
		The missiles were aimed at and landing in Israel.
	www.strategypage.com /militaryforums/30-223.aspx (1487 words)

	Patriot Missile
		The PATRIOT (Phased Array Tracking Intercept of Target) is the U.S. Army's most advanced air defense system.
		The combat element of the PATRIOT missile system is the fire unit, which consists of a phased array radar set (RS), and engagement control station (ECS), an electric power plant, an antenna mast group (AMG), a communications relay group (CRG), and up to eight launching stations (LS).
		The Patriot Advanced Capability-3 (PAC-3) upgrade program incorporates significant upgrades to the RS and ECS, and adds the new PAC-3 missile, which utilizes hit-to-kill technology for greater lethality against TBMs armed with weapons of mass destruction.
	tech.military.com /equipment/view/88751/patriot-missile.html (359 words)

	Raytheon Company: Products & Services: Patriot Missile System
		Patriot is a long-range, high-altitude, all-weather system designed to defeat advanced threats, including aircraft, tactical ballistic missiles, and cruise missiles.
		In addition to the phased array radar, a Patriot Fire Unit is deployed with an engagement control station, an electronic power plant vehicle, an antenna mast group for communications, and up to sixteen remote launching stations.
		Patriot's lower-tier air defense against tactical ballistic missiles is part of a two-tier U.S. defense against this escalating threat.
	www.raytheon.com /products/patriot (180 words)

	The Patriot Flawed? , Failure To Correct Problems Led To Friendly Fire Deaths - CBS News
		See how the Patriot missile system is designed to destroy incoming threats and learn more about the other weapons in the U.S. arsenal.
		They confirmed that the Patriot identified the plane as an enemy missile, and said that communications systems were not in place that could have helped the crew overcome the Patriot's error.
		Problems with the Patriot missile system that could cause it to shoot down friendly aircraft were not fixed before the weapon was deployed in Iraq.
	www.cbsnews.com /stories/2004/02/19/60minutes/main601241.shtml (1964 words)

	Defenceindia : News : US offers Patriot missile system
		Sources say the sale of the Patriot may be linked to India getting on board the National Missile Defence (NMD) as it can also be integrated into the broader NMD framework.
		The offer to sell the Patriot comes with the assurance that the US wants an all-weather defence relationship with India, and that the Next Step in Strategic Partnership (unveiled by the two countries in January) would further facilitate the two countries' defence partnership.
		A Patriot battery consists of a phased array radar, an engagement control station and up to eight launchers, each of which holds four ready-to-fire missiles.
	www.defenceindia.com /04-oct-2k4/news35.html (326 words)

	US Army Awards Raytheon Major Patriot Engineering Services Contract
		Patriot engineering services are an international cooperative effort in which foreign partners fund and benefit from systems improvements.
		The Patriot system remains the pre-eminent theater air and missile defense system and the nation's only deployed, land-based, short-to-medium range ballistic missile defense capability.
		To maintain combat effectiveness, the Patriot system's growth roadmap leads the U.S. Army's Air and Missile Defense transformation in becoming part of an integrated network of sensors, fire control, and command and intelligence under a composite battalion providing a layered system of protection and prosecution.
	www.spacewar.com /reports/US_Army_Awards_Raytheon_Major_Patriot_Engineering_Services_Contract_999.html (649 words)

	GoArmy.com > Careers & Jobs > PATRIOT Fire Control Enhanced Operator/Maintainer (14E)
		A Patriot Fire Control Enhanced Operator is an important part of the Army's air defense artillery team.
		The Patriot missile system teams are used to launch advanced-technology ammunition capable of neutralizing multiple air targets.
		The Patriot missile system consists of a control station, power plant, communication relay group and up to eight launching stations.
	www.goarmy.com /JobDetail.do?id=52 (368 words)

	News About Missiles
		The Navy launched the unarmed missiles from USS Tennessee (SSBN 734) in the Eastern Range in the Atlantic Ocean.
		The missile was fired from the Integrated Test Range at Chandipur, around 200 kilometres (125 miles) from Orissa's capital Bhubaneswar.
		Missiles are sometimes damaged when struck by rocks and debris kicked up by helicopter rotors or when mishandled during shipping or maintenance.
	www.spacewar.com /missilenews.html (1214 words)

	Air Defense System - Patriot Missile vs S300 - World Affairs Board
		American one is the first and only tactical missile "kills" air defense system (despite the low killing rate), and judge from the traditions of the exaggeration from Russian weapon brochures......
		I guess all the missiles/smar bombs/Cruise missiles have to be equipped with some sort of IFF to reduce friendly fires.
		I have no idea on cost of S-400 and its missiles (which are not yet produced massively), but S-300 PMU has cost of a batery of $91mln (3 launch machines, one radar machine, one command machine and two transport re-loading machines).
	www.worldaffairsboard.com /showthread.php?t=5972 (1236 words)

	Jeffrey St. Clair: Patriot Gore: the Fatal Flaws in the Patriot Missile System
		This time around the Patriot missile was going to live up to all the hype, unlike in the first installment of the Gulf War when the missiles nearly struck out against Iraqi Scuds, the softballs of the ballistic missile world.
		The GAO audit concluded that the Patriot missiles hit less than 9 percent of the Iraqi Scud missiles that were launched during the first Gulf conflict.
		The Patriot missile is based on 1970s technology and was originally designed for use as an anti-aircraft weapon, a role it reverted to with tragic consequences in the latest Gulf War.
	www.counterpunch.org /stclair04172003.html (1920 words)

	Raytheon Tallies USD 100 Million In Awards For Patriot Missiles Upgrades
		Raytheon IDS is the prime contractor for the Patriot system and the system integrator for the PAC-3 system that includes the GEM-T missile.
		As the system integrator, Raytheon IDS ensures that all Patriot system components provide the warfighter a reliable and lethal capability to defeat the threats in current and future combat environments.
		The Patriot PAC-3 program is managed by the U.S. Army Program Executive Office for Missiles and Space and executed by the Lower Tier Air and Missile Defense Project Office, Huntsville, Ala.
	www.spacewar.com /reports/Raytheon_Tallies_USD_100_Million_In_Awards_For_Patriot_Missiles_Upgrades_999.html (715 words)

	New Patriot missile system passes latest test (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		The two target missiles were downed Thursday morning by two Patriot Advanced Capability-3 _ or PAC-3 _ missiles launched one after the other from the range, said Pam Rogers, an Army spokeswoman in Huntsville, Ala.
		A Storm target missile was launched from Fort Wingate near Gallup, and the other target _ a Patriot designed to mimic a short-range ballistic missile _ was fired from the northern end of the missile range.
		The missile uses kinetic energy, rather than an explosive warhead, to destroy targets such as cruise missiles and advanced tactical ballistic missiles.
	www.freenewmexican.com /news/6913.html (394 words)

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