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Topic: Patriotic Front (Austria)

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Christian Socialist Party

Social Democratic Party of Austria

Austromarxism

Austrofascism

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History of Austria

Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes

	All Quiet on the Western Front
		All Quiet on the Western Front may be the definitive anti-war film, not for the Great War alone, but all wars.
		When it was published in 1929, it swiftly became the best selling novel of the 20th century, although the complete text was not available in the US until 1975.
		It was banned in Austria, Hungary, Bulgaria, Yugoslavia, and New Zealand.
	www.moviediva.com /MD_root/reviewpages/MDAllQuietWesternFront.htm (1846 words)

	Patriotic Front (Austria) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Vaterländische Front (VF, English: Patriotic Front) was a right-wing Austrian political party.
		By the end of 1937 it had 3 million members (with 6.5 million inhabitants of Austria), but only a few party loyalists held genuine allegiance; it could not win the support of its political opponents (from the circles of the SDAPÖ and the NSDAP).
		The symbol of the VF was the crutch cross (Kruckenkreuz), and its official greeting was Front heil!
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Patriotic_Front_(Austria) (201 words)

	Austria
		Austria's unstable economic position, producing as it did chronic poverty and unemployment, led to the growth of extreme leftist groups in Vienna itself, and this led to equal extremism among the non-socialists.
		But Austria was useful to Germany as an air-raid shelter, and affluent Germans evacuated their families to Austria, even before the mass evacuation to the Alpine districts.
		Hence Austria suffered from a shortage of houses and food, and in 1943 the population was 10 million compared with 7 million before the war.
	www.tiscali.co.uk /reference/encyclopaedia/hutchinson/m0019543.html (2430 words)

	History of Austria
		Representatives of the new Republic of Austria convinced them that it was unfair to penalize Austria for the actions of a now dissolved Empire, especially as other areas of the Empire were now perceived to be on the "victorious" side, simply because they had renounced the Empire at the end of the war.
		The Patriotic Front government frustrated the ambitions of pro-Hitlerite sympathizers in Austria who wished both political influence and unification with Germany, leading to the assassination of Dollfuss on July 25, 1934.
		Austria joined the European Union in 1995 (Video of the signing in 1994), and Austria was set on the track towards joining the Eurozone, which it did in 2002.
	www.travelaustriaplus.com /history.html (2109 words)

	All Quiet on the Western Front - Literature Guide - MSN Encarta
		The patriotic schoolteacher, who instructs Paul and his twenty classmates to sign up for military duty, typifies the many such teachers in Germany during World War I. While their idealism was sincere, it was also misguided.
		As war between Austria and Serbia loomed on the horizon, both sides experienced a massive groundswell of optimism and patriotism regarding the impending conflict.
		The older generation's notions of patriotism and their assumptions that war was indeed a valorous pursuit played a crucial role in the conflict.
	encarta.msn.com /sidebar_701509551/All_Quiet_on_the_Western_Front.html (6186 words)

	Anschluss - Avoo - Ask Us A Question - The Anschluss[1] (German: connection, or political union), also known as the ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		Although he expected Austria to vote in favour of maintaining autonomy, a well-planned internal overthrow by the Austrian Nazi Party of Austria's state institutions in Vienna took place on March 11, prior to the vote.
		Austria became the province of Ostmark, and Seyss-Inquart was appointed Governor.
		Austria is reminded, however that she has a responsibility, which she cannot evade, for participation in the war at the side of Hitlerite Germany, and that in the final settlement account will inevitably be taken of her own contribution to her liberation.
	www.millvalleycaus.com /info/Anschluss (5905 words)

	Austrian Press & Information Service (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		Austria's constitutional law comprises the Federal Constitution, in the strict sense of the term, a multitude of constitutional acts and state treaties.
		Austria is involved in international matters at different levels: after the signing of the State Treaty in May 1955, and the decision in favour of permanent neutrality, Austria joined the UN at the end of 1955, and the Council of Europe in 1956.
		Austria's international role in the nineties is also attested to by other events: membership of the UN Security Council in 1991/92, coincided with the Gulf War and the incipient conflict in Yugoslavia.
	www.austria.org /political.shtml (9406 words)

	index
		Austria, with the former imperial capital of Vienna on its territory, was considered the legal successor of the Habsburg Empire.
		The deployment of Italian troops at the Austrian border prevented German soldiers from crossing the border and after a few days it was clear that the coup d'etat was unsuccessful.
		With Mussolini's invasion of Ethiopia, Austria lost its protector against Germany as Mussolini was driven into German arms due to British and French economic sanctions as the result of the invasion.
	www.uwm.edu /People/abuchner/austria.htm (1412 words)

	Der Rittmeister Militaria, Imperial German Merchandise Page 17: Patriotic & Sweetheart Jewelry: Pins, Pendants, Rings, ...
		This is a small patriotic pendant in the shape of an Iron Cross, measuring 5/8" x 5/8." It is enameled and has "Gott Mit Uns" on the obverse along with the date 1914.
		This is one of the ever-popular Trench-Art patriotic bracelets.
		Emblazoned on the front of the bracelet is an enameled Iron Cross flanked by oak leaves.
	www.derrittmeister.com /patriotj.htm (3650 words)

	WHKMLA : History of Austria, 1933-1938
		Austria's fate was decided on the diplomatic level, with little Austrian input.
		However they strongly differed from Fascist Italy and Nazi Germany in that Austria formally continued to be a multiparty democracy, that opposition politicians were not imprisoned (the outlawed parties continued underground), that they lacked an ideology.
		The Nazi demand for Anschluss found a considerable resonance in Austria, the national liberal element having demanded unification with Germany in 1918 and 1932.
	www.zum.de /whkmla/region/germany/au193338.html (569 words)

	WhenDemocracyFails
		In a national outburst of patriotism, the leader's flag was everywhere, even printed large in newspapers suitable for window display.
		Nonetheless, once the "small war" annexation of Austria was successfully and quickly completed, and peace returned, voices of opposition were again raised in the Homeland.
		By the time of his successful and brief action to seize Austria, in which almost no German blood was shed, Hitler was the most beloved and popular leader in the history of his nation.
	www.frontiernet.net /~mrbrandt/whendemocracyfails.html (2119 words)

	World Homes Network - Austria
		Austria's unstable economic position, producing as it did chronic poverty and unemployment, led to the growth of extreme leftist groups in Vienna itself, and this led to equal extremism among the non-socialists.
		Certainly by 1943, once the war had begun to turn against Germany, the attitude of the Austrian people generally was anti-Nazi; this was manifested in acts of sabotage in agriculture, and by opposition from industrial workers, who suffered heavy losses at the hands of Nazi execution squads.
		But Austria was useful to Germany as an air-raid shelter, and affluent Germans evacuated their families to Austria, even before the mass evacuation to the Alpine districts.
	www.world-homes.net /atlas/europe/western/Austria/austria.htm (1875 words)

	La Grande Guerra: Cesare Battisti - Italian Patriot, Hero, Martyr
		Austria was composed of many nationalities, and its leaders were fearful of ideas of separation taking hold and they therefore suppressed Irredentism forcefully.
		His was a patriotism based on an ethnic-centered nationalism which even overrode his socialist views and put him at odds with the anti-war, internationalist tenets of the socialist party.
		Although condemned as a traitor in Austria, in Italy, even today some eighty years later, he is considered a patriot, hero and martyr.
	www.worldwar1.com /itafront/battisti.htm (1556 words)

	The Avalon Project : Nuremberg Trial Proceedings Vol. 2 - Seventh Day
		During my stay in Austria, I was told on any number of occasions by Chancellor Dollfuss, Chancellor Schuschnigg, President Miklas, and other high officials of the Austrian Government that the German Government kept up constant and unceasing pressure upon the Austrian Government to agree to the inclusion of a number of ministers with Nazi orientation.
		He definitely stated that he was in Austria to undermine and weaken the Austrian Government and from Vienna to work towards the weakening of the Governments in the other states to the south and southeast.
		Italy, which had given Austria assurance of support of the most definite character against external German aggression and on one occasion, by mobilizing her forces, had undoubtedly stopped German aggressive action which had been planned against Austria, embarked on her Abyssinian adventure.
	www.yale.edu /lawweb/avalon/imt/proc/11-28-45.htm (16149 words)

	Stephen Roth Institute: Antisemitism And Racism
		Austria has a Jewish population of 10,000 out of a total population of 8 million.
		Under the caption “Past,” there was a soldier with a swastika on his armband and a Jewish child in front of a ruin.
		Action against Antisemitism in Austria protested this abuse of the memory of Holocaust victims.
	www.tau.ac.il /Anti-Semitism/asw2004/austria.htm (1984 words)

	Corporatism
		Deployment of the Patriotic Front in front of the Viennese Town Hall.
		Dollfuß positioned Austria as a Christian bulwark against the "pagan" Social Democrats and National Socialists.
		He also fostered allegiance to "Little" Austria by emphasizing the trans-German-Austrian past and the multinational Habsburg tradition which presented Austrians as the better Germans.
	www.uwm.edu /People/abuchner/corporatism.htm (959 words)

	The New Face of the Socialist International
		The president of the SI during that period, Bruno Pittermann of Austria, was ailing, and the Secretary General, Hans Janitschek of'Austria, was inefficient.
		During the Bureau meeting in Lisbon in October 1979, Carl Gershman of the Social Democrats USA was unable to temper a resolution in which the SI again proclaimed "solidarity" with the ANC, SWAPO and the Patriotic Front and condemned "acts of aggres- sion" against Zambia, Mozambique and Angola by Rhodesian and South African troops.
		The full SI commitment to the support of the Democratic Revolutionary Front in El Salvador was clearly expressed during the first Regional Conference of the SI for Latin America and the Caribbean held in March 1980 at Santo Domingo, with Brandt presiding.
	www.heritage.org /Research/PoliticalPhilosophy/IA16.cfm (8017 words)

	Asia Times Online :: Asian News, Business and Economy.
		Therefore, there was a visible split among the Protestant world in Germany and there was a failure to create a common front against the Roman Catholic Church.
		It was commonly thought that Richelieu would be dismissed as a concession to the Cardinal-Infante but Louis XIII stood by him and asked Parisians to be patriotic and supply money to the government in the defense of Paris.
		His widow queen, Anne of Austria, a Hapsburg and sister to Philip IV, was appointed regent to the infant Louis XIV.
	atimes.com /atimes/Front_Page/GD14Aa01.html (6958 words)

	Saddam was captured by Kurds, not US : Thunderbay IMC
		The news that Saddam was a prisoner and not in hiding would explain his dishevelled state when he was found by Kurdish special forces from the patriotic front and US soldiers.
		He was unable to climb out of the hole on his own because the lid that covered it was also sealed down with a carpet and some rubble.
		Talabani is a leader of the Patriotic Front, one of two main Kurdish parties in northern Iraq who fought alongside US forces during the war.
	thunderbay.indymedia.org /news/2003/12/10833.php (720 words)

	Bulgaria: history (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		In the 17th and 18th centuries, after the wars with Austria and the unsuccessful siege of Vienna, the Ottoman Empire began to decline, though it still retained much of its territory.
		In the October election, the Patriotic Front won 364 seats with 70.8 per cent of the vote, 277 seats went to the Communist Party (BCP).
		After joining the BCP opposition, some of the Patriotic Frontâs former leaders were arrested and sentenced to death for conspiracy.
	gbgm-umc.org /country_profiles/country_history.cfm?Id=223 (3383 words)

	Military Chronicles Series MCS-022 Liberation of Austria on www.Aviapress.com. Model kits, Military Books and Magazines ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		The book is devoted to the history of an operation conducted during the Great Patriotic War closing stages.
		At that time the 3rd and the 2nd Ukrainian Front left wing troops in the course of smashing offensive together with Bulgarian, Romanian and Yugoslav units defeated the main assets of German Heeresgruppe "Mitte" and quite liberated Hungary, Southern part of Czechoslovakia and Eastern part of Austria with the capital Vienna from German troops.
		Austria, 6th Guard Armoured- Army, early April 1945.
	www.aviapress.com /viewonekit.htm?MCS-022 (368 words)

	Trials of German Major War Criminals: Volume 1
		As he put it, Germany had nothing to lose, with what she could always call a mere effort at peace, and she might be able to persuade von Schuschnigg to establish an Austrian coalition government, with the N.S.D.A.P. If she did this, she would vastly strengthen her position in Europe.
		The youth of Austria was turning more and more towards the Nazis, and the dominance of the Nazi Party in Austria was inevitable and only a question of time.
		Italy, which had given Austria assurance of support of the most definite character against external German aggression, and on one occasion, by mobilising her forces, had undoubtedly stopped German aggressive action, which had been planned against Austria, embarked on her Abyssinian adventure.
	www.nizkor.org /hweb/imt/tgmwc/tgmwc-01/tgmwc-01-07-05.shtml (3270 words)

	FrontPage magazine.com :: Saddam's WMDs and Russia by David Dastych
		His decision to take part in it, was the result of a meeting in Jerusalem, in February 1992, with a longtime friend, an Israeli nuclear expert, the late Mr.
		One of the main routes of the illegal nuclear trade went through Poland to Germany, Austria, Britain, Switzerland, France and other countries of Western Europe.
		The Iraqi customer was ready to receive and purchase the Russian nuclear products in Western Europe (Austria, Switzerland) and the Libyan customer demanded that the stuff be shipped by air from Russia, directly to Libya.
	www.frontpagemag.com /Articles/ReadArticle.asp?ID=21448 (3306 words)

	Hubert Sauper \| Documentary Film Director and Author \| KISANGANI DIARY
		When the Rwandan President, a Hutu, died in a plane crash in April 1994*, Hutu extremists carried out a plan to eliminate the country’s ethnic Tutsi minority, killing at least half a million people (Tutsi, moderate Hutu, and Twa) in a matter of weeks.
		Then the Rwandese Patriotic Front returned (many from Ugandan exile), sending millions of Hutu, fearing vengeance, to neighboring Tanzania and Zaire.
		In 1995, “the Hutus came home” to their countries Rwanda and Burundi in front of running TV-cameras.
	www.hubertsauper.com /kisangani.html (911 words)

	Heritage Front - UpFront Online / UpFront Issue 7 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		He is the president of Austria's Chamber of Engineers and a respected expert witness in court cases.
		Recent false allegations that the Heritage Front vandalized 3 synagogues (and perhaps the Morgentaler abortion clinic?) is another example of Jewish pressure to close down yet another Majority political expression.
		Up Front is proud to recount to you what we are doing, for we are fighting as hard as we can in every arena for our principles and yours.
	www.heritagefront.com /upfront/upfront07.html (13551 words)

	Purity, Practicality or Both? (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		But with successes of the National Front in France and the Freedom Party in Austria, serious attention is being paid to rightists in Britain and elsewhere.
		The patriotic tend to be more the in-the-trenches forces, a bit older and more staid, with somewhat less drama and spectacle attached.
		A good example would be the late Ian Stuart, an anti- communist singer who started out as a patriot, extolling his country and people with his popular band.
	www.nationalist.org /alt/1999/oct/purity.html (928 words)

	La Grande Guerra: The Death of Sepp Innerkofler
		The Standschutzen, were made up of men who had spent their lives in the mountains: climbing guides and porters, herders and foresters, some even possessing the unique skills of poachers and smugglers.
		Alpini units, mountain troops par excellence, professional and elite, recruited from their alpine peoples and climbers, raced Standschutzen patrols to occupy the highest points along the front after the opening shots of 24/25 May. Italy hoped to catch Austria, with most of their forces in Russia, off guard.
		The front line went directly through Sepp's beloved Drei Zinnen refuge which was totally destroyed by Italian artillery fire the first days of the war.
	www.worldwar1.com /itafront/sepp_ink.htm (2933 words)

	Franz Von Papen
		He definitely stated that he was in Austria to undermine and weaken the Austrian Government and from Vienna to work towards the weakening of the Governments in the other states to the South and South East.
		Throughout the earlier period of his mission to Austria, von Papen's activity was characterized by the assiduous avoidance of any appearance of intervention.
		At this meeting the severest pressure was exerted to extort far-reaching concessions from Austria, including reorganization of the cabinet, appointment of Seyss-Inquart as Minister of Security and the Interior, and a general amnesty to Nazis convicted of crimes (2995-PS; 2461-PS; 1544-PS; 1780-PS).
	www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org /jsource/Holocaust/Papen.html (10846 words)

	Revolt Revisited--A Study Of The Hungarian Revolution Of October, 1956
		It was the Front that attracted the attention of Hungarian Communists residing in the Soviet Union; their chief spokesman, Jozsef Revai, challenged a basic concept of the Populist movement that it only represented the peasants and not the workers.
		Further, he was removed from the Vice-Presidency of the Patriotic Front and expelled from the National Assembly.
		Appreciating that the freedom fighters there were Hungarian patriots, he sided with them, became their leader, and defended the Barracks against some of the fiercest fighting of the first Soviet intervention.
	www.globalsecurity.org /military/library/report/1984/JCC.htm (16752 words)

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