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	Paul Touvier - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Paul Touvier (April 3, 1915 - July 17, 1996) was one of only two Frenchmen to be convicted of war crimes against humanity (the other was Maurice Papon).
		Touvier was eventually appointed head of the intelligence department in the Chambéry Milice under the direction of Klaus Barbie and in January 1944 became second regional head of the Vichy Government.
		Paul Touvier was granted provisional release in July 1991 and his trial for complicity in crimes against humanity only began on March 17, 1994.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Paul_Touvier (551 words)

	Paul Touvier (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Paul Touvier (April 3, 1915 - July 17, 1996) was the only Frenchman to be convicted of war crimes against humanity.
		However, it wasn't until 1989 that Touvier was found hiding in a monastery in Nice.
		On July 17, 1996, Paul Touvier died of prostate cancer in the Fresnes prison hospital near Paris.
	www.sciencedaily.com /encyclopedia/paul_touvier (564 words)

	Paul Touvier -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Paul Touvier (April 3, 1915 - July 17, 1996) was the only (A person of French nationality) Frenchman to be convicted of (Click link for more info and facts about war crimes against humanity) war crimes against humanity.
		Touvier was eventually appointed head of the intelligence department in the (Click link for more info and facts about Chambéry) Chambéry Milice under the direction of (Click link for more info and facts about Klaus Barbie) Klaus Barbie and in January 1944 became second regional head of the Vichy Government.
		However, it wasn't until 1989 that Touvier was found hiding in a (The residence of a religious community) monastery in (A city in southeastern France on the Mediterranean; the leading resort on the French Riviera) Nice.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/p/pa/paul_touvier.htm (671 words)

	Paul Touvier - Wikipédia
		Paul Touvier (1915-1996) : premier français condamné pour crimes contre l'humanité en 1994.
		La vie de Touvier prend un nouveau cours avec la création du SOL et de la Milice où l'héritage social, la notoriété combattante comptent moins que l'action et la conviction idéologique.
		Le lobby catholique, qui soutient Paul Touvier, parviendra après des années d'efforts, à obtenir une grâce du président Georges Pompidou, le 23 novembre 1971.
	fr.wikipedia.org /wiki/Paul_Touvier (1741 words)

	Paul Touvier (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Touvier was eventually appointed head of the intelligence department in the Chambéry Milice under the direction of Klaus Barbie and in January 1944 becamesecond regional head of the Vichy Government.
		After being indicted, Touvier disappeared again but throughhis lawyers, years of legal maneuvering ensued until finally a warrant was issued for his arrest on November 27, 1981.
		Paul Touvier was granted provisional release in July 1991 and his trial for complicityin crimes against humanity only began on March 17, 1994.
	www.therfcc.org /paul-touvier-89267.html (430 words)

	Paul Touvier, 81, French War Criminal
		Paul Touvier, the only Frenchman to be convicted of war crimes against humanity and for half a century a troubling reminder of his country's ambivalence about World War II, died Wednesday at a prison hospital near Paris.
		On April 20, 1994, Touvier became the first Frenchman to be found guilty of war-related crimes against humanity for ordering the execution of seven Jews 50 years earlier, while he was serving in a pro-Nazi militia that had been set up by the collaborationist Vichy government.
		As he was sentenced to life imprisonment, Touvier continued to insist that he had sent the seven Jews to their deaths on June 29, 1944, at Rillieux-la-Pape near Lyon as a last resort to save the lives of 23 others who had also been marked for death.
	www.writing.upenn.edu /~afilreis/Holocaust/touvier-obit.html (819 words)

	French war criminal Paul Touvier des (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Touvier, who ordered the 1944 executions to avenge the assassination of the Vichy propaganda chief, died in a prison hospital south of Paris, court officials said.
		Touvier was head of the Lyon-area militia for the Vichy regime, which collaborated with the Nazi occupation of France.
		Touvier claimed that he was acting under German orders and that he actually saved 93 Jews by sacrificing seven, but that was never proven.
	www.chron.com /content/chronicle/world/96/07/17/touvier.html (552 words)

	Paul Touvier: Definition and Links by Encyclopedian.com - All about Paul Touvier
		Paul Touvier (1915 - 1996) is the only Frenchman to be convicted of war crimes against humanity.
		On April 20th, a nine-person jury found him guilty and he was sentenced to life imprisonment.
		Paul Touvier died of prostate cancer in a prison hospital in Fresnes[?], France, on July 17, 1996.
	www.encyclopedian.com /pa/Paul-Touvier.html (521 words)

	Vichy France - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Many officials, including the Prime Minister, Paul Reynaud, wanted to move the government to French territories in North Africa, and continue the war with the French naval fleet and the resources of its empire.
		Paul Reynaud, who had not officially resigned as Prime Minister, was arrested in September 1940 by the Vichy government and sentenced to life imprisonment in 1941.
		Under Darnand and his sub-commanders, such as Paul Touvier and Jacques de Bernonville, the Milice was responsible for helping the German forces and police in the repression of the French Resistance and Maquis.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Vichy_France (2970 words)

	The Trial of Klaus Barbie: Touvier, Papon, and Beyond
		In the 1992 trial, Touvier was accused of hurling grenades into a synagogue but, as in the previous cases, there were conflicting accounts by eyewitnesses and the case was therefore thrown out.
		For the fourth time in four decades, Paul Touvier had escaped justice by the grace of the French legal system which found it either too difficult or too painful to try him, let alone convict him.
		Thus, during the Touvier "Affair," as it was called in a sick mockery of the Dreyfus Affair almost a century before, France proved that although it had come a long way, it had not completely conquered the shadows of the past.
	members.aol.com /voyl/barbie/7chapter.htm (1979 words)

	sgvol39
		Touvier was the chief of Milice intelligence in the Lyons area, and his status as a high ranking security officer meant that he sometimes worked closely with Klaus Barbie.
		Touvier never denied giving the order for their execution, but as we shall see later, he pleaded that his actions were unavoidable.
		Granted, Touvier was ultimately convicted of crimes against humanity, but the arguments and scenarios that had been used in the trial were crafted in such a way that they explained away Vichy complicity, so that the spotlight was once again placed on the Nazis and their minions.
	www.mnsu.edu /spcomm/dsr-tka/sgvol39.htm (14246 words)

	Review of Memory, the Holocaust and French Justice: The Bousquet and Touvier Affairs
		Touvier was first accused in 1973 and then indicted on the imprescriptible charge of crimes against humanity in 1981.
		Touvier was convicted in April 1994 and sentenced to life in prison, where he died shortly thereafter.
		It exposes the legal and logical absurdity of the Touvier trial, where the state had to prove, in order to convict him, that the Milice chief was obeying German orders--which would, in effect, mitigate his personal guilt and which was, in fact, untrue.
	www.ess.uwe.ac.uk /genocide/reviewsh5.htm (1893 words)

	NewStandard: 7/18/96
		Touvier, who was convicted in 1994 of ordering the deaths of seven Jews, died in a hospital at Fresnes prison south of Paris, court officials said.
		Touvier was a key aide during World War II to Gestapo chief Klaus Barbie, the "Butcher of Lyon," tracking Jews and Resistance fighters and frequently confiscating their possessions.
		Touvier remained a fugitive, moving from convent to monastery under assumed names with his wife and two children until he was arrested at a Roman Catholic priory in Nice in 1989.
	www.s-t.com /daily/07-96/07-18-96/zobits.htm (1567 words)

	Paul Touvier (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Paul Touvier (de abril el 3 de 1915 - de julio el 17 de 1996) era el único francés que se condenará por crímenes de guerra contra humanidad.
		Touvier eventual fue designado jefe del departamento de la inteligencia en el Chambéry Milice bajo dirección de Klaus Barbie y en enero 1944 se convirtieron en jefe en segundo lugar regional del gobierno de Vichy.
		Concedieron Paul Touvier el lanzamiento provisional en julio de 1991 y su ensayo para la complicidad en crímenes contra humanidad comenzó solamente de marcha la 17 de 1994.
	www.yotor.net /wiki/es/pa/Paul%20Touvier.htm (594 words)

	La vie de Paul Touvier
		Né dans une famille savoyarde catholique, Paul Touvier n'a pas fait particulièrement honneur à ses éducateurs de l'institution Saint-François-de-Sales de Chambéry qu'il quitte à seize ans pour un emploi d'expéditionnaire au PLM à Ambérieu.
		Touvier, aboutissent le 23 novembre 1971 à; un décret de grâce du président Pompidou.
		Paul Touvier est mort en juillet 1996 à; la prison de Fresnes, à l'âge de 81 ans.
	perso.wanadoo.fr /d-d.natanson/touvier.htm (907 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Touvier is accused of ordering the execution of seven Jews in June 1944.
		By portraying himself as a victim or by exaggerating his desire to repent, Touvier found sanctuary with churchmen, many of whom were anti-Semitic, the report said.
		Touvier told the court in Versailles near Paris on Wednesday how he hid in a hole in the floor and then sought asylum in churches during his years as a fugitive.
	www.mosquitonet.com /~prewett/churchindock.html (584 words)

	The Extradition of General Augusto Pinochet (Human Rights Watch, October 14, 1999)
		In four recent high-profile cases---the prosecutions in France of Klaus Barbie, Paul Touvier and Maurice Papon, and in Germany of Erich Honecker---perpetrators of crimes against humanity argued that they should be awarded leniency due to old age and/or ill health.
		Paul Touvier, the former French militia chief and assistant to Barbie known as the "Hangman of Lyon," was tried and convicted in 1994 for ordering the death of seven Jews.
		Touvier became quite sick while incarcerated from prostrate cancer; his family asked twice for a presidential pardon.
	www.hrw.org /english/docs/1999/10/14/chile5503_txt.htm (2171 words)

	Weekend: Indie Flix: A very weak 'Statement'
		The Statement reportedly was inspired by the true story of a Frenchman, Paul Touvier, who (for many years) was protected from prosecution as a war criminal - he sent Jews to death while consorting with Nazis - by a right-wing faction of Catholics.
		His incongruous accent is the least of Caine's worries; the screenplay by Ronald Harwood, an Oscar winner for The Pianist, is a lumpy rehash of elements culled from postwar fugitive yarns such as Marathon Man and The Boys from Brazil.
		The setup is appealing enough, as a charismatic priest, Father Nicholas (Paul Bettany, Master and Commander) in 1380 England leaves a grim church after dallying with a married parishioner.
	www.sptimes.com /2004/03/25/news_pf/Weekend/Indie_Flix__A_very_we.shtml (1202 words)

	Moral message lost in chase thriller
		Based on the slim, chilling novel by the late Canadian novelist Brian Moore, "The Statement" is a fictionalized version of the story of Paul Touvier, an officer in the Milice, the Vichy equivalent of the Gestapo.
		Though Touvier was tried in absentia and sentenced to death for treason and collusion with the enemy, he was protected by a cabal of right-wing Catholic priests, and even given sanctuary in monasteries.
		Touvier was finally brought to justice in 1989 by a persevering judge and imprisoned for crimes against humanity.
	www.freep.com /entertainment/movies/state26_20040326.htm (596 words)

	Paul
		Paul is the English and French form of a Latin name, Paulus.
		Paul became common in the 17th century, though not really popular.
		Paul (in its various translations) has traditionally been more common in southern and eastern Europe, than in the north and west.
	www.geocities.com /edgarbook/names/p/paul.html (189 words)

	Boston.com / News / World / Europe / Nazi-era collaborator's appeal rejected (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		His lawyers gained a final chance to argue that proper procedures were not followed after the European Court of Human Rights in 2000 said France had violated Papon's rights in rejecting his 1999 appeal.
		Papon and Paul Touvier, a former aide to Gestapo official Klaus Barbie, were the only two Frenchmen convicted of World War II crimes against humanity.
		Touvier, who executed seven Jews, was convicted in 1994 and died two years later.
	www.boston.com /news/world/europe/articles/2004/06/11/appeal_by_nazi_era_collaborator_rejected (527 words)

	Commonweal: New light under the old bushel: what's happening in the French Church? - Catholic Church in France - Cover ...
		The report's best feature is its unflinching portrait of Touvier: a man who remains to this day (at age seventy-eight) unrepentant for his wartime actions, who has never sought anything less than complete vindication, and who has demonstrated an uncanny knack for engaging clerics in his cause.
		Julien Gouet or Duquaire to abet a Touvier, of staunch right-wing Catholic past and family, and not a Communist or an anticlerical republican on the lam.
		When, last spring, Touvier appeared before a court to learn if he would be tried for crimes against humanity, the three judges quashed the case on the wholly questionable grounds that the state Touvier served (Vichy) was not, technically, a totalitarian regime nor did it systematically persecute people for religious, racial, or political reasons.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m1252/is_n8_v120/ai_13799013 (1142 words)

	j. - Shoah film ‘Statement’ says little (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		The character of Brossard is inspired by Paul Touvier, a small-time French collaborator who was shielded for years by both government and church officials.
		Thanks to the relentless efforts of Beate and Serge Klarsfeld, Touvier was arrested in 1989, convicted for his role in the murder of seven Jews and given a life sentence.
		Touvier’s trial, like Marcel Ophul’s revelatory 1970 documentary about French collaboration with the Nazis, “The Sorrow and the Pity,” forced the French to publicly confront the truth about their behavior during and after the war.
	www.jewishsf.com /content/2-0-/module/displaystory/story_id/21236/format/html/displaystory.html (594 words)

	CNN - French war criminal Touvier dies in jail at 81 - July 18, 1996 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		PARIS (CNN) -- Paul Touvier, the only Frenchman to be jailed for World War II crimes against humanity, died Wednesday in a prison hospital after a long battle with cancer, officials said.
		Touvier was intelligence chief of the pro-Nazi militia in central France in the last year of the German Occupation.
		After spending nearly 50 years in hiding, he was convicted in 1994 of ordering the execution of Jewish hostages in Rilleux-la-Pape during the war, and given a life sentence.
	www.cnn.com /WORLD/9607/18/briefs.late/france.html (173 words)

	Film Threat - Reviews (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Inspired by the true story of Paul Touvier and based off of the novel by Brian Moore, “The Statement” follows the flight of Pierre Brossard, a pro-Nazi conspirator, and his last desperate attempts to evade French captivity.
		Paul Touvier was in his twenties when leading the murderous exploits of the French Milice.
		In 1981, a warrant was re-issued for Touvier’s arrest, with new evidence against him for the deportation of Jews and a possible connection to the death of two prominent political activists.
	www.filmthreat.com /Reviews.asp?Id=5636 (1368 words)

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