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Topic: Paulo Freire

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	Reading List on Paulo Freire
		Freire provides a rationale for a pedagogy of the oppressed, and exposes how historical teaching methods have relied on "banking education." He highlights the the contrasts between education forms that treat people as objects rather than subjects, and finally, explores education as a method for cultural action and social change.
		- By Paulo Freire and Antonio Faundez (1989).
		Paulo Freire: A homage, by Moacir Gadotti and Carlos A. Torres
	www.freechild.org /ReadingList/paulo_freire.htm (809 words)

	Who Is Paulo Freire (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		Freire was born of a middle-class family in northeastern Brazil -- the city of Recife, capital of the state of Pernambuco -- in 1921.
		Freire describes his father as a Spiritist that was not religiously affiliated, and who taught him to respect the opinions of others by respecting the religion of Freire's mother, who was a Catholic.
		Freire was offered financial assistance by AID to experiment with his method in a large scale campaign that would be conducted in the state of Río Grande del Norte (the next one in line planned by the Front for electing as governor a former mayor).
	www.brightok.net /~kellimcb/freirebio.htm (5544 words)

	Paulo Freire - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Paulo Freire (Recife, Brazil September 19, 1921 - São Paulo, Brazil May 2, 1997) was a Brazilian educator and influential theorist of education.
		In 1991, the Paulo Freire Institute was established in São Paulo to extend and elaborate his theories of popular education.
		Freire is best-known for his attack on what he called the "banking" concept of education, in which the student was viewed as an empty account to be filled by the teacher.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Paulo_Freire (869 words)

	PAULO FREIRE
		Freire believed that education is necessary for liberation and the result is transformation.
		Freire stated that “There will be no significant learning if the pupil fails to establish a relationship with the object, if he doesn’t act towards it.” (Gadotti, 1994, pg.24) As a result of this belief, Freire wrote cultural primers in the late 1950’s with the object of building a revolutionary society.
		Paulo Freire is often described as a humanistic, militant educator who believed that solutions in education are always found in concrete context.
	www.ac.wwu.edu /~sibrown/freire.htm (1121 words)

	Critical Pedagogy on the Web: Paulo Freire
		From 1980-86, Freire supervised an adult literacy project in Sao Paulo and was later appointed Minister of Education for the City of Sao Paulo in 1988.
		In 1991, at Freire's request, the Paulo Freire Institute was created to bring scholars and critics of his pedagogy into "a permanent dialogue that would foster the advancement of new educational theories and concrete interventions in reality" (Gadotti, "Paulo Freire: A Homage").
		Paulo Freire died of heart failure on May 2, 1997 in Sao Paulo, Brazil, leaving behind him a legacy of hopeful texts that continue to have a profound impact on educational theory and practice today.
	mingo.info-science.uiowa.edu /~stevens/critped/freire.htm (892 words)

	Paulo Freire and informal education
		Freire was able to draw upon, and weave together, a number of strands of thinking about educational practice and liberation.
		Paulo Freire argued for informed action and as such provided a useful counter-balance to those who want to diminish theory.
		Freire provides a rationale for a pedagogy of the oppressed; introduces the highly influential notion of banking education; highlights the contrasts between education forms that treat people as objects rather than subjects; and explores education as cultural action.
	www.infed.org /thinkers/et-freir.htm (1478 words)

	Pedagogy & Theatre of the Oppressed
		Freire was invited to Geneva in 1970 where he worked for ten years as a special educational advisor to the World Congress of Churches.
		With the triumph of the PT in 1988, Freire was appointed Minister of Education for the City of São Paulo.
		In 1991 the Paulo Freire Institute was created, "congregating scholars and critics of his pedagogy, in a permanent dialogue that would foster the advancement of new educational theories and concrete interventions in reality….
	www.ptoweb.org /about/freire.php (1638 words)

	Paulo Freire: The PrometheanLiteracy (dissertation)
		Freire's aim is to simultaneously strike four keys in the struggle for social justice: literacy, or as Freire says, the way we "read the word and the world", critical consciousness, the creation of liberation, and escalating economic production as people come to understand their surroundings.
		Freire builds, therefore, a sense of the self-worth of the students and their own knowledge, uses their knowledge system as a base for literacy projects, and aims the literacy projects at goals which can be reached by a variety of paths.
		Freire goes on to describe how it is that history is the method for analyzing the specificities of an area--and of a man. And Freire, who considered his period in Geneva and at Harvard to be exile, frequently insists he is a man of Northeastern Brazil.
	www.rohan.sdsu.edu /~rgibson/freirall.htm (18237 words)

	The Educational Theory of Paulo Freire
		Freire talks about the fallacy of looking at the education system like a bank, a large repository where students come to withdraw the knowledge they need for life.
		Freire's entire education career is based on his desire to provide greater opportunity for the poor and oppressed people of the world, but particularly in Brazil.
		Gadotti, Moacir and Torres, Carlos Alberto; Paulo Freire: A Homage, http://nlu.nl.edu/ace/Homage.html, (6/10/01)
	www.newfoundations.com /GALLERY/Freire.html (2780 words)

	Paulo Freire and Pedagogy For Social Justice by Rich Gibson
		Freire proposed that the use of his "see-judge-act" student-centered methods could lead to critical consciousness, that is, an awareness of the necessity to constantly unveil appearances designed to protect injustice which serves as a foundation for action toward equality and democracy.
		Freire fails to recognize in depth the importance of his own call for the centripetal role of critical consciousness, that, is the role of ideas as a material force--especially the idea of equality.
		Freire, constrained by his viewpoint which focuses on appearances, has an extraordinarily thin understanding of the revolution in Grenada and the years of preparation which preceded it--even though he was an active participant in the post-revolutionary government.
	www.pipeline.com /~rgibson/freireTRSSE.htm (11067 words)

	Paulo Freire Biography \| Encyclopedia of World Biography
		The Brazilian philosopher Paulo Freire (1921-1997) developed theories that have been used, principally in Third World countries, to bring literacy to the poor and to transform the field of education.
		Paulo Freire was born on the northeastern coast of Brazil in the city of Recife in 1921.
		Reflecting on their situation, Freire noted, "We shared the hunger, but not the class." After completing secondary school and with gradual improvement in his family's financial situation, he was able to enter Recife University, preparing to become a teacher of Portuguese.
	www.bookrags.com /biography/paulo-freire (1104 words)

	Paulo Freire
		Paulo Freire (1921-1997), Brazilian educator and political philosopher, born of lowly background.
		Freire believed there should be dialogue between pupil and teacher, that understanding the world was as important as understanding the word, that understanding should build social capital.
		Freire was invited to Geneva in 1970 where he worked for ten years as a special educational adviser to the World Congress of Churches.
	www.heureka.clara.net /art/freire.htm (1671 words)

	Paulo Freire Gesellschaft e.V. - früher auch zeitschrift für befreiende Pädagogik
		Freiria - Erfahrungen mit der Arbeit nach Paulo Freire
		nach Paulo Freire (Brasilien) - Pädagogik der Autonomie - zu berichten, um
		Paulo Freire verstarb 75-jährig in Sao Paulo an den Folgen eines Herzinfarktes
	home.arcor.de /letsch/paulo-fr.htm (2118 words)

	In Memory
		Paulo Freire, the radical Brazilian "Vagabond of the Obvious" and the most widely known educator in the world, died on May 2, 1997 in Sao Paulo, Brazil.
		Freire recommended methods recognizing the experience and dignity of students and their culture, techniques calling into question the assumptions which lay at the base of their social systems.
		Freire’s pedagogy united the curriculum, grasping that the seamless coat of learning is made alien by teaching methods that split it into irrational pieces.
	www.zmag.org /zmag/articles/gibsonjuly97.html (918 words)

	Rage & Hope: Paulo Freire
		Paulo Freire's lifework is a testament to Critical Theory.
		In 1979, Freire was invited to return to Brazil, where he joined the faculty at the University of Sao Paulo.
		Freire's work has inspired others worldwide to join in the fight for social reform, cautioning them not to see his philosophy as methodology, but rather to reinvent the philosophy to fit their reality.
	www.edb.utexas.edu /faculty/scheurich/proj3/freire1.html (371 words)

	Paulo Freire
		Freire's life and work as an educator is optimistic in spite of poverty, imprisonment, and exile.
		Freire won the attention of the poor and awakened their hope that they could start to have a say in the day-to-day decisions that affected their lives in the Brazilian countryside.
		Freire's methods were incontestably politicizing and, in the eyes of the Brazilian military and land-owners anxious to stave off land reform, outrageously radical.
	www3.nl.edu /academics/cas/ace/resources/paulofreire.cfm (1787 words)

	Biografias: A Voz do Biógrafo-Latino
		Paulo Freire tem muitas vezes expressado seu interesse com as experiências de Angola e Moçambique em educação de adultos.
		Freire argumentava que programas de educação adulta ajudariam a fortalecer a consciência revolucionária das pessoas que participaram da luta de libertação ou que estão comprometidas com o processo de transição para o socialismo e para mudança radical nas relações sociais de produção.
		Finalmente, a noção de Freire de uma relação dialética entre a liderança revolucionária e as masssas tem um terreno rico nas práticas educacionais, na verdade - em termos gramscianos - um rico terreno para desenvolver a liderança de trabalhadores jovens.
	www.ppbr.com /ipf/bio/latino.html (9718 words)

	Paulo Freire and Eco-Justice: Updating Pedagogy of the Oppressed for the Age of Ecological Calamity by Richard Kahn
		As Freire theorizes, it has always been the mindset of the oppressors to see themselves as “human,” while those that they prey upon are always less than such; like animals, they are barred from the prospects of history and the possibilities inherent in liberatory conduct.
		Freire himself begins Pedagogy of the Oppressed by asserting that it too is but an example of the radical praxis of which he speaks.
		It was Freire's great achievement in his pedagogy to instill within those trapped within the confines of limited situations the need to gain consciousness of the root structures by which they were bound.
	getvegan.com /ecofreire.htm (3457 words)

	Biografias: A Voz da Esposa
		Paulo Freire esteve no exílio por quase dezesseis anos, exatamente porque compreendeu a educação desta maneira e lutou para que um grande número de brasileiros e brasileiras tivesse acesso a esse bem a eles negado secularmente: o ato de ler a palavra lendo o mundo.
		Quando Freire escreve, vai "lendo" outros autores e relendo a si próprio da mesma maneira que ao ler a si e a outros autores vai, ao mesmo tempo, escrevendo ou re-escrevendo a si e aos outros.
		Freire jamais nega estas influências pois se sabe vivendo, trabalhando e fazendo em situação dada - que ele não fez - e, portanto, sofrendo, como todo homem e toda mulher - seres históricos - as influências da cultura de seu tempo e das culturas anteriores, mesmo se sabendo crítico e fazedor.
	www.ppbr.com /ipf/bio/esposa.html (10812 words)

	Biografias: Uma Voz Européia
		Encarcerado duas vezes, por causa de seus "método subversivo", a embaixada da Bolívia foi a única que aceitou Paulo Freire como refugiado político.
		Nesse período, Freire analisou a questão da "extensão rural".
		Nessa época, Paulo Freire chegou até mesmo a parar de usar o termo "conscientização", porque não queria contribuir para a equivocada concepção de que seria suficiente interpretar o mundo criticamente e não transformar, concomitantemente, as estruturas sociais, interpretadas por ele como opressoras.
	www.ppbr.com /ipf/bio/europeia.html (7017 words)

	The Loss of Paulo Freire, 1921-1997 - Vol 11 No 4 - Rethinking Schools Online
		Paulo Freire died on May 2 in Sao Paolo, Brazil, and educators throughout the world mourn our loss..
		In Freire's approach, literacy workers studied the lives of their students and derived a curriculum in which politically-charged words and images, "generative themes," evoked discussions on exploitation, the meaning of culture, and the power of written language.
		Freire and his colleagues began to achieve notable success and planned to expand their work by creating 20,000 "culture circles" throughout Brazil.
	www.rethinkingschools.org /archive/11_04/edit.shtml (632 words)

	Paulo Freire Personal Vita
		Paulo Freire’s Pedagogy of the Oppressed; www.shu.ac.uk./schools/ed/under/friere.html and Bentley, Leslie.
		In 1991 the Paulo Freire Institute was created in Sao Paulo, Brazil that congregates scholars in permanent dialogue that would foster the advancement of new educational theories and concrete interventions in reality.
		Freire, P., Fraser, J., Macedo, D. McKinnon, T., and Stokes, W. Mentoring the Mentor: A Critical Dialogue With Paulo Freire.
	www-distance.syr.edu /pvitapf.html (614 words)

	John Ohliger: Critical views of Paulo Freire's work
		Freire concentrates on the oppression of the poor and fails to deal realistically with oppression as it is found at all levels of society.
		Freire insists that teachers should never impose their views of a problem on students, though he does not say teachers should or even could be neutral.
		Freire has always asked us to be more critical, but we've allowed our affection for him and the important impact he had on all of us to get in the way.
	www.uow.edu.au /arts/sts/bmartin/dissent/documents/Facundo/Ohliger1.html (8018 words)

	Into the Blogosphere: Rhetoric, Community, and Culture of Weblogs: The Spirit of Paulo Freire in Blogland: Struggling ...
		Ideas and models presented by Paulo Freire and Michel de Certeau are used as a lens for one possible interpretation of the events studied from March to November 2003.
		The late Paulo Freire was a Brazilian educator wrestling with the problem of how to bring democracy to a colonized and oppressed people who had never in the better part of their cultural memory known anything like democracy.
		Freire discusses how repression and backlash by elites are often the result of the “oppressed” gaining too much power of voice and consciousness.
	blog.lib.umn.edu /blogosphere/the_spirit_of_paulo_freire.html (9183 words)

	Thoughts by Paulo Freire
		Brief bio: Brazilian educator and author Paulo Freire (born Sept. 19, 1921, Recife, Brazil, died May 2, 1997, São Paulo, Brazil) sought to empower the world's oppressed through literacy programs that encouraged social and political awareness.
		Freire) was Brazil's most important educator and author of many other books.
		Freire favored a "pedagogy of liberation" that encouraged dialogue between teacher and student.
	social.chass.ncsu.edu /slatta/hi216/documents/freire.htm (2233 words)

	Amazon.ca: Pedagogy of the Oppressed: Books: Paulo Freire (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		Freire reflects on the impact his book has had, and on many of the issues it raises for readers in the 1990s.
		Freire was a brilliant thinker, and his ideas about education and society are quite relevant; the main flaw with this book however, is one glaring contradiction--Freire seems to be completely ignoring his own proposal that ideas should be more accessible to the masses.
		Freire wrotes admiringly of Mao's Cultural Revolution and Castro's Cuba, and quotes Lenin as a brother-in-arms.
	www.amazon.ca /Pedagogy-Oppressed-Paulo-Freire/dp/0826412769 (1332 words)

	Paulo Freire Kooperation - MainWebsite of the Paulo Freire Cooperation in Europe - Paulo Freire Co-Operation in Europe (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		Paulo Freire (1921-1997) was one of the most significant pedagogues in this century.
		Paulo Freire increased with his work democratical basic trials world-wide.
		There are also a lot of connections to the pedagogic of Paulo Freire: theatre, theology, social ethics, economics, sociology, psycology or arts.
	www.freire.de /sprachen/english/english.html (600 words)

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