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Topic: Payola

	Payola - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Another early disc jockey who was nearly derailed by the payola scandal was Dick Clark, but he avoided trouble by selling his stake in a record company and cooperating with authorities.
		Currently a different form of payola is used by the record industry through the loophole of being able to pay a third party or independent record promoters ("indies"; not to be confused with independent record labels), who will then go and "promote" those songs to radio stations.
		This new type of payola sidesteps current FCC regulations requiring that, if a song is paid for by the record company, the radio station must state that it was paid for.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Payola (756 words)

	No maps for these territories: payola
		There's a rash of new payola scandals in the news, with record companies paying out millions of dollars in penalties for having bribed people to play their music on the air.
		Payola is illegal when the radio station does not disclose that someone paid for the song to be played.
		The whole un-fairness of payola is not paying for airplay, but the fact that the airplay is not disclosed as paid for.
	www.coziahr.com /2006/07/payola.php (491 words)

	Payola
		After the trial, the anti-payola statute was passed under which payola became a misdemeanor, penalty by up to $10,000 in fines and one year in prison.
		Billboard stated payola was rampant during vaudeville of the 20s, and the big band era of the 1930s and 1940s
		Clark admitted a $125 investment in Jamie Records returned a profit of $11,900 and of the 163 songs he had rights to143 were given to him.
	www.history-of-rock.com /payola.htm (672 words)

	DP W1995A: Payola Diplomacy
		Payola Diplomacy is played on a normal Diplomacy board, using the standard Diplomacy rules except as amended herein.
		The Payola concept is also easily applied to other games; application of Payola to other Diplomacy variants is discussed in Section 6 of these rules.
		Payola Diplomacy is combined with the Blind variant by making the following four changes or additions to the rules above.
	www.diplom.org /Zine/W1995A/Payola (4040 words)

	CampusProgress.org \| Crib Sheet: Payola
		Payola involves the flow of money and other perks from music labels to radio stations, and, through resulting record sales, back to the labels themselves.
		Spitzer’s office is now investigating reported payola deals between other large recording labels (including EMI Group, Vivendi, Warner Music and Universal) and the nation’s biggest radio station chains (including Infinity Broadcasting, Clear Channel Communications, Emmis Communications and Cox Radio).
		The campaign to scrub payola from our airwaves now hinges on the public’s ability to force stronger accountability and enforcement across a radio industry dominated by conglomerates.
	www.campusprogress.org /tools/585/crib-sheet-payola (1261 words)

	PAYOLA : MusicWeb Encyclopaedia of Popular Music (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		The term was coined by Variety, which headlined 'Plug Payola Perplexed' in 1938 (maybe that was the case of two West Coast bandleaders listed as co-writers of a song neither of them had yet seen); Time carried a story in 1953 about 'cut-ins' (performance shares of a song) and 'hot stoves' (outright bribery).
		Payola skyrocketed because radio had become a showcase for record companies.
		Payola was only a symptom of the disease, wrote Lane, which was 'the involvement of the entire broadcasting industry, networks and local stations, in a deliberate and successful distortion of music programming for their own financial gain'.
	www.musicweb-international.com /encyclopaedia/p/P41.HTM (932 words)

	Recording Artists' Coalition: A Voice for Artists' Rights
		"Payola" is the practice by which record companies routinely pay millions of dollars in independent promotion fees to consultants who in turn ensure radio play from radio conglomerates.
		Such consolidation has led to allegations that radio station owners charge record companies to play their music but do not disclose the payments to the government and on the air to their listeners, as required by law.
		Payola stifles creativity, helping to explain the lack of innovation in today’s musical landscape.
	www.recordingartistscoalition.com /issues_payola.php (367 words)

	Populist Party - In Defense of Payola (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Payola occurs when music publishers pay singers and players of music to sing or play their songs.
		Payola is illegal because the big guys have succeeded in getting regulations and laws passed to make it illegal, the motive being to keep the little guys little.
		There's outright payola that ignores the law, in which the broadcaster simply doesn't announce that the music is supported by a promotion.
	www.populistamerica.com /in_defense_of_payola (2274 words)

	DP S2002R: Why Aren't You Playing Payola?
		In Payola Diplomacy, instead of submitting orders, each player submits an offer list, which is a list of orders for various units (of any nationality), with each order specifying an amount of money that the player offers to pay to that unit if it issues that order.
		Not only are these players not likely to grasp the geographical freedom of Payola's paradigm shift, they probably don't have enough Diplomacy experience to "go it alone" and fully experience the lessons, the true art of the stab, the constant vigilance and suspicion, that is the point of Diplomacy in the first place.
		It is much harder to prove lies in Payola than in standard Diplomacy, and it is much harder for other players to organize alliances against a "Deviate" who has offended a number of players on the board, even if his "deviance" is somehow exposed.
	www.diplom.org /Zine/S2002R/Torres/payola.html (4161 words)

	Majikthise : Payola
		Payola is an explicit quid pro quo in which a record agent compensates a DJ for playing a specific song.
		Payola was considered scandalous in the 1950s because consumers wanted the DJ's taste and expertise.
		Payola is dishonest and immoral in the same way fake-news-by-RNC-fake-reporters is, or, for that matter, disinterested op-eds by people who are secretly on the payroll of an interested party, or scientific studies with pre-ordained findings paid for by special interests.
	majikthise.typepad.com /majikthise_/2005/07/payola_.html (2462 words)

	CANOE -- JAM! Music - Pop Encyclopedia - Payola$
		They wanted a change in musical direction as well as their name; A & M in the US had a hard time trying to sell the name Payola$ to radio broadcasters who were still sensitive to the 1950's Alan Freed scandal of the same name.
		The band became Paul Hyde And The Payolas and were put under the studio guard of multi-talented producer David Foster.
		The Payolas were let go by A & M Records and subsequently split up in 1986.
	jam.canoe.ca /Music/Pop_Encyclopedia/P/Payolas.html (819 words)

	The New Yorker : online : content (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		As for the difference between payola and legitimate advertising, I think the big difference is that most advertising is immediately recognizable as advertising.
		Payola seems much worse than advertising because it blurs the distinction between content and ads.
		I think that payola’s critical function is less obvious and probably not as important as the critical role that reviewers play.
	www.newyorker.com /online/content/040712on_onlineonly01 (2194 words)

	Payola
		An older way to get around payola laws is to use a middle man between the recording labels and radio stations called an "indie", short for independent promoter.
		Payola is alive and well through these middle men.
		File trading networks are competition to all three parts of the payola system: the labels, the radio stations, and most of all, the indies.
	www.dontbuycds.org /payola.htm (1200 words)

	Conglomerate Blog: Business, Law, Economics & Society
		The point of Coase’s analysis is that payola introduced a price system that would efficiently allocate resources in the music industry, and that a ban on payola would therefore reduce efficiency and community wealth.
		This is implicit in the popular claim that payola is the cause of the rise of “bad” music, or is only necessary for such music.
		Note however that there are strong economic motives for the record companies to pick their best songs for promotion through payola, and for stations to turn down songs that would repel their audience, no matter the amount of payola.
	www.theconglomerate.org /2005/08/some_economics_.html (2597 words)

	Free Press : Payola
		While payola has been around since the early days of broadcasting, it takes on a particularly insidious form in an era of massive radio consolidation.
		The payola landscape changed after Congress passed the 1996 Telecommunications Act that lifted the national caps on radio ownership.
		The success of the campaign to scrub payola from the airwaves hinges on the public's ability to force FCC and Congress to create stronger accountability and enforcement across an industry that has become dominated by a handful of such conglomerates.
	www.freepress.net /payola (846 words)

	What's wrong with payola? Nothing. - By Daniel Gross - Slate Magazine
		In the half-century since the original payola scandals, the music industry, the broader commercial culture, and consumer expectations have evolved to the point where the payola laws seem outmoded and backward-looking.
		Payola is banned in radio because the airwaves are publicly licensed, which makes them subject to government regulation in a way supermarket shelves are not.
		After the 1950s payola scandals, government decided that radio stations should be as independent as possible from their suppliers (the music industry).
	www.slate.com /id/2123483 (1970 words)

	Free Press : Payola
		The rapid concentration of radio ownership has ushered in a new age of “payola.” Major recording labels now shower radio station owners with money and prizes to plug and play their most bankable stars, securing spins of Dion, Ricky Martin and Ashlee Simpson at the expense of struggling local acts.
		The playing of music or other programming in exchange for payments is now against state and federal laws, punishable by as much as $10,000 in fines and a year in prison.
		In November 2005, Sen. Russ Feingold (D-Wis.) introduced legislation, the “Radio and Concert Disclosure and Competition Act of 2005,” expanding the definition of payola to eliminate the inside dealing and structural abuses in consolidated radio, which have locked local and independent artists off the airwaves for years.
	freepress.net /payola/=faqs (1262 words)

	Willamette Week - Radio Airplay Payola KUFO Pay-for-Play April 15, 1998
		But the practice, dubbed "pay for play," brought back memories of the payola scandals of the '60s and served as a reminder of just how bottom-line-oriented the radio business has become.
		The other distinction Numme makes between payola and pay-for-play is that one is illegal and the other is not.
		"Payola is defined as getting compensation in the back room for putting a record on and not telling your boss," Numme explains.
	www.wweek.com /html/cover041598.html (2547 words)

	USATODAY.com - Government to examine payola, vows action (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		WASHINGTON (AP) — Federal regulators are taking a closer look at the payola scandal that led to a $10 million settlement by Sony BMG Music Entertainment with the state of New York.
		The agreement is part of a wider investigation by New York state Attorney General Eliot Spitzer, who has called payola "pervasive" in the industry.
		"Payola" is a contraction of "pay" and "Victrola," the old wind-up record player.
	www.usatoday.com /news/washington/2005-08-08-fcc-payola_x.htm?csp=15 (347 words)

	Record companies: Save us from ourselves! - Salon (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		With payola up but profits down, labels are wondering if paying $100 million to middlemen "fixers" is still a swell business idea.
		If and when the RIAA files one regarding payola, FCC commissioners and their staffs will "decide if it's an issue that needs clarification or addressed by the commission," says FCC spokesman David Fiske.
		During the mid-1980s, when indies wielded even more power than today, the RIAA considered launching its own investigation into payola, assuming that if the investigation documented any illegal activity the labels would have a reason to cut their ties to the indies, saving millions.
	dir.salon.com /story/ent/feature/2002/03/13/indie_promotion/index.html (1106 words)

	CBC.ca Arts - 'Payola' probe turns towards radio conglomerates (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		In the continuing investigation of the "payola" scheme in U.S. radio, New York's attorney general has turned his sights on many of the country's largest radio conglomerates.
		The practice known as "payola" — in which record companies give money or other incentives to radio stations to secure more airplay for their artists — was prevalent more than 50 years ago.
		Payola re-emerged in recent years, however, and investigators discovered that the practice had evolved: not only did cash, gifts and trips pass into the hands of DJs and music programmers, but money also went to radio station administrators to fund larger schemes like listener contests to pay for station operational expenses.
	www.cbc.ca /arts/story/2006/02/08/radio-payola-probe.html?ref=rss (1287 words)

	USATODAY.com - EMI settles payola probe for $3.75M (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		The settlement was the latest during more than two years of a "payola" investigation by New York Attorney General Eliot Spitzer.
		He said payola also hurts struggling artists who aren't judged on the merits of their music.
		Payola is the term coined in the 1950s when early rock music was hit with the scandal.
	www.usatoday.com /life/music/news/2006-06-15-payola_x.htm?csp=34 (526 words)

	On The Media- Payola Persists
		Payola had its heyday in the 1950s, when a handful of disc jockeys were convicted of taking money in exchange for playing a few potential hits.
		JAMES SUROWIECKI: Well, the simple idea of payola, of course, is record labels paying radio stations in order to get their records on the air, and modern payola takes a variety of forms.
		That payola, what that actually did was break a lot of interesting records.
	www.onthemedia.org /transcripts/transcripts_112604_payola.html (1167 words)

	Straight Dope Staff Report: What's the story on the radio payola scandal of the 1950s?
		At the height of the scandal Billboard magazine claimed that payola in various forms had been common during the big band era of the 1930s and 40s and in the vaudeville business in the 1920s.
		Some contend that payola helped smaller labels break the majors' stranglehold on the market, and the scandal offered a way to fight back.
		The current FCC regulations on payola can be found at http://www.fcc.gov/eb/broadcast/sponsid.h tml.
	www.straightdope.com /mailbag/mpayola.html (1283 words)

	Payola Crayola \| Article @ Music-Critic.com : the source for music reviews, interviews, articles, and news on the ...
		Charged With 'Payola'," he addresses the recent scandal investigated over a two-year period by U.S. prosecutors, whereby, two senior executives of the popular Latin music label, Fonovisa, were charged in a 'Payola' scandal.
		Often, 'Payola' is as subtle as the suggestion of station personnel to purchase advertisement for more favorable consideration.
		Thankfully, Payola is a demon not desiring to emerge from the shadows to the spotlight.
	www.music-critic.com /articles/payolacrayola.htm (491 words)

	SignOnSanDiego.com > News > Business -- Sony BMG payola case settled for $10 million
		The practice of giving radio stations "payola," or gifts in exchange for playing specific songs, dates to the 1930s and has been prohibited by federal law for the past 45 years.
		He said the system used today is far more elaborate than that used in payola scandals of the 1950s and '60s, most of which involved direct payments to radio disc jockeys.
		Spitzer is expected to continue his investigation into the other major record companies – Vivendi Universal, the Warner Music Group and the EMI Group – as well as the radio companies that have accepted their gifts.
	www.signonsandiego.com /news/business/20050726-9999-1n26payola.html (1047 words)

	AIRPLAY 101 - Payola, part 1 of 5 by Bryan Farrish
		Although established label people (and radio people) realize that it's a red herring for a new indie, the response to our previous article about Clear Channel was the greatest of all the previous fifty Airplay 101 articles.
		That's funny, since the purpose of that article was to explain how focusing on things like payola or Clear Channel is a waste of time for the indie artist...
		The remaining 1000 non-grassroots readers, who are working on projects at the medium and major level, might indeed have payola or CC as concerns.
	www.vocalist.org.uk /airplay101_payola.html (813 words)

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