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Topic: Pazyryk

	Pazyryk - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Pazyryk is a local name for a valley in the Altai Mountains lying in Siberian Russia south of the modern city of Novosibirsk, near the borders with China, Kazakhstan and Mongolia.
		The most famous undisturbed Pazyryk burial so far recovered is the "Ice Maiden" found by archaeologist Natalia Polosmak in 1993, a rare example of a single woman given a full ceremonial wooden chamber-tomb in the 5th century BCE, accompanied by six horses.
		The Pazyryk culture has since been connected with the Scythians, whose very similar tombs are found across the steppes.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Pazyryk (970 words)

	Pazyryk
		Pazyryk is a local name for a part of the Altai Mountains lying in Russia, near the borders with China, Kazakhstan and Mongolia.
		The Pazyryk culture has been connected with the Scythians described by the ancient Greeks, whose very similar tombs are found elsewhere.
		There is also the possibility that the current inhabitants of the Altai region are descendants of the Pazyryk culture: their unwillingness to see their presumed ancestors disturbed has closed the site to archaeologists for the time being.
	www.ebroadcast.com.au /lookup/encyclopedia/pa/Pazyryks.html (274 words)

	Persian Rug Education Pazyryk Carpet
		The mainstay of this theory is that the horsemen on the carpet are very similar to those carved in stone blocks in Persepolis, which was the ceremonial capital of the Persian Empire.
		Harold Bohmer of Marmara University, reputed internationally for his knowledge of rug dyes, has determined, by his analysis of the dyes used, that it is most likely that the Pazyryk Carpet was made in the area in which it was found.
		The Pazyryk Carpet, a monument to the history of carpet weaving and to the history of the artworks of mankind now finds it’s home in St. Petersburg, at the Hermitage Museum.
	www.houseofpersianrugs.com /education/paz/Pazyryk.htm (748 words)

	Pazyryk culture - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The mummies are buried in long barrows (or "kurgans") similar to the tomb mounds of western Scythian culture in modern Ukraine.
		Archaeologists associate the sites with the widespread Scythian culture of the steppe, an association that is resisted by the modern Mongol inhabitants of the region near Pazyryk in the Altay Mountains, where the first remains were found.
		Surprisingly, some of the vessels excavated from the tombs are similar to ones still in use today by indigenous groups.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Pazyryk_culture (180 words)

	Learn About Rugs - History - Famous Rugs \| e Rug.com Handmade Carpets & Area Rugs
		The importance of Pazyryk rug is that it proves pile weaving is an ancient craft.
		Until the discovery of Pazyryk carpet, the scholars relied on literary accounts about the existence of certain rugs in history that did not specify the technique by which the rugs were woven.
		The dimensions of Pazyryk were 6' by 6' and it was woven by symmetric knots of about 200-225 per square inch.
	www.eruggallery.com /learnrugs/learn_hstry/lrn_hstry_rugs.htm (360 words)

	NOVA \| Transcripts \| Ice Mummies: Siberian Ice Maiden \| PBS
		She was arranged like that intentionally because the Pazyryk believed they never died, but simply passed on to another world.
		She was 5 foot 6, extremely tall for her time—as tall as many of the powerful men found in the richest Pazyryk graves.
		Although I think the soul is immortal and the body is only a shell, something the Pazyryk believed, it always provokes a feeling of unease, pity, and sadness when you see a once great woman lying there in front of you.
	www.pbs.org /wgbh/nova/transcripts/2517siberian.html (5730 words)

	The Ice Maiden Limited Edition Dark Art Print featuring the Ice Maiden Russia NOVA Show Sib eria
		She was 2400 years old and came from a mysterious nomadic group of people that sacrificed animals, valued possessions, and were the fiercest of warriors.
		They were militarists in constant combat, one group with another, and tales of Pazyryk warriors so fierce they would drink from the skulls of their victims are not uncommon.
		Pazyryk legend says that no maiden may marry until she has killed a man of the enemy.
	www.jasonbeamstudios.com /g_theicemaiden.html (670 words)

	THE FIRST REPORT ON A BURIAL OF A NOBLE PAZYRYK (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		In the Altai, the Kara-Kobinian population co-existed with the Pazyrykers, being submitted to the latter [2].
		S.I. Rudenko considers the Pazyrykers' custom of mummification of bodies of the deads to be connected with the other one-to bury only in certain seasons of the year (in Spring, in the beginning of Summer, or in Autumn).
		The tattoo on the arms and hands of the Pazyryk woman, in the style, manner of plotting, some images, as well as in its composition, as a whole, corresponds to the one that was on the same places of the upper extremities of the man from the Pazyryk Burial Mound 2.
	ambal.archaeology.nsc.ru /gen-i/Editions/Electronical/Bulletens/Herald/Vol1/Chapter7/Pol4.htm (3656 words)

	Welcome to Steven's Blog! Here are some links to sites where I've found much about pazyryk (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
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	pazyryk.boyco.be (746 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		In this case, the Pazyryk rug and other objects that included a saddle cover of felt and leather, felt figures of swans stuffed with goat hair, a horse harness with carved wooden ram's heads and other objects were buried with the dead person [1, p.
		The Pazyryk carpet is made with the Turkish knot system used in carpet weaving and has horse patterns with saddle clothes which are typically Turkish.
		Designing and weaving such a complex and colorful carpet as the Pazyryk carpet is a credit to the ancestors of Turks, who must have started their carpet making culture many thousands of years earlier.
	www.compmore.net /~tntr/rug_gallery.html (487 words)

	Vintage Rugs - Persian Rug History - Oriental Rug History
		Before the discovery of the Pazyryk Rug, the oldest pile rug fragments of ancient rugs ever discovered were found in East Turkmenistan in an area known as the Tarim Basin.
		The Pazyryk rug shows a mixture of Assyrian, Achaemenian (ancient Persian empire), and Scythian motifs, and it is believed by some to be of Persian origin.
		Before the discovery of the Pazyryk rug, the oldest known specimens of carpets were found in the Tarim Basin of East Turkmenistan, west of China and Mongolia.
	www.rugman.com /Library/RT_History.aspx (852 words)

	History of rugs. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		The oldest surviving area rug, the "Pazyryk" carpet, was discovered in 1949 by a Russian archeologist during the unearthing of a Siberian burial site.
		Dating back to the 5th Century BC, the Pazyryk carpet is considered an exceptional work of Scythian art, featuring exquisite details, symmetrical patterns, rich colors, and a hand-knotted technique still popularly used today.
		Before the discovery of the Pazyryk carpet, the oldest known rug was the King of Persia's legendary "Spring of Khosrows" carpet; an enormous hand-knotted area rug made of wool, silk, gold, silver, and precious stones.
	www.express-rugs.com /History_of_rugs.htm (325 words)

	Tattoos.Com Ezine
		The Pazyryks were formidable iron age horsemen and warriors who inhabited the steppes of Eastern Europe and Western Asia from the sixth through the second centuries BC.
		The Pazyryk tombs discovered by Rudenko were in an almost perfect state of preservation.
		Animals are the most frequent subject matter of tattooing in many cultures and are traditionally associated with magic, totemism, and the desire of the tattooed person to become identified with the spirit of the animal.
	tattoos.com /bronze.htm (1003 words)

	Persian rug history
		In a unique archaeological excavation in 1949 however, the exceptional Pazyryk carpet was discovered among the ices of Pazyryk Valley, in Altai Mountains in Siberia.
		Most experts believe that the Pazyryk carpet is a late achievement of at least one thousand years of technique evolution and history.
		The discovery of the Pazyryk carpet leads us therefore, to the belief that in a much more remote epoch than the sixteenth-century Imperial period, carpet-making had gone through an earlier, brilliant phase, in which a very high level of technique and decorative values had been reached.
	www.persian-carpet.info (2663 words)

	TurkoTek Discussion Forums - More Pazyryk Felts
		Barkova is the curator of the Pazyryk materials at the Hermitage Museum.
		The article then discusses a fragment of a large felt panel unearthed by Gryaznov in Pazyryk kurgan 1 in 1929 as well as the findings of Rudenko in the 5th kurgan in 1949 which included the famous Pazyryk carpet and a remarkable wooden chariot and four incredible three-dimensional felt swans stuffed with deer hair.
		Relevant to this thread is the discussion of the Pazyryk carpet in which some comparisons to the felts also found in kurgan 5 is made.
	www.turkotek.com /salon_00104/s104t1.htm (3280 words)

	The State Hermitage Museum: Hermitage News
		Three of the mummies come from the Altai, more specifically from the Pazyryk barrows, which date from the 5th-3rd centuries B.C. and were excavated by S.I. Rudenko during 1947-1948.
		This is the first and only case of tattooing ever found in the Tashtyk culture of which burial of mummies is a part; however, the existence of tattooing among the Tashtyk population was long assumed.
		All of the pictures are done in a special artistic manner which is characteristic of Pazyryk art in the so-called Siberian Scythian animal style.
	www.hermitagemuseum.org /html_En/11/2005/hm11_3_30.html (784 words)

	TurkicWorld - RECONSTRUCTION OF THE GENOFOND PECULIARITIES OF THE ANCIENT PAZYRYK POPULATION (I-II MILLENIUM BC) FROM ...
		Altaic peoples still profess beliefs that relies heavily on their kam's (aka shaman's) intellectual and spiritual knowledge, there is a belief that the disturbed sanctity are causing increased suicides, sickness and earthquakes in the region and hence the corps must be brought back to their origins to stop the chaos.
		Knowing that the moms as a group wore Paleosiberian genes is just a small step, we still want to know the composition of the pops, and their horses, and their accurate timing, and the bacteria used to make kumiss, and many many more.
		Structure of the control region of the mtDNA isolated form three representatives of Pazyryk Culture of Gorny Altai (IV-II century BC), one of the central cultures in the Scythian-Siberian world, was analyzed by molecular genetic techniques.
	s155239215.onlinehome.us /turkic/64_Pazyryk/Pazyryk_gensEn.html (1708 words)

	History of an Oriental Rug
		The discovery of the Pazyryk rug proved that pile weaving is an ancient craft.
		The size of the Pazyryk carpet was 6' by 6', and was woven with symmetric knots of about 200-225 knots per square inch.
		Currently, the Pazyryk carpet is displayed in the Hermitage Museum in St. Petersburg, Russia.
	www.feizy.com /ui/RRHistoryofOR.cfm (176 words)

	The Alekseev Manuscript - Chapter VIII - Iron Age in Eurasia
		Information on the Pazyryk Culture of the Minusinsk Basin in Siberia can be found in Frozen Tombs of Siberia by S.I. Rudenko 3.
		The Kingdom of Pazyryk is located in the eastern section of the Altai Mountains close to the border of Mongolia 11.
		"Pazyryk chronology and early horse nomads reconsidered" by Fredrik Hiebert in "Bulletin of the Asia Institute", vol.
	www.drummingnet.com /alekseev/ChapterVIII.html (8583 words)

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	pazyryk.sunsmot.be (1018 words)

	An Ancient Carpet in Urumchi
		Its relatively recent discovery and the lack of communication between this area and the outside world may also account for the unknown status of this rug.
		It is well known from the discovery of ancient manuscripts and other types of textiles that burial in the dry sands of the Taklamakan was unsurpassed among archeological sites in facilitating the preservation of perishable materials.
		Others have suggested that the Pazyryk Carpet was not woven by the same people who entombed it, but was rather acquired through trade.
	www.rugreview.com /orr/82chris.htm (1357 words)

	The Horses of the Scythians (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		Buried and subsequently frozen Scythians found in places such as the Pazyryk kurgans show some people with strong Mongolian features, and others who were blond and had quite European-looking faces.
		Research with tissue from a number of burials suggests that the Pazyryks were ethnically diverse" (Nova).
		We do know, however, that in one important respect, they were very different from the mounted archers who came after them: many of their best and most celebrated warriors--or at least given the most elaborate funerals--were women.
	www.turanianhorse.org /scythians.html (608 words)

	Turanian Horse Website: Fossil and Frozen Horses from Prehistoric Times (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		Among the earliest Turanian horses we know about at the present time are those found in the Pazyryk kurgans or mounded tombs.
		Pazyryk is itself a plateau at the spring of the Kizil River, approximately where China, Mongolia, Russia and Kazakhstan all meet on the western edge of the Sayan mountains, or on the easternmost border of the Turan Flats.
		Note the similarities between her tack and that depicted on the belt buckle at the beginning of this section; and also the way the tail has been tied or braided into a single long rope.
	www.turanianhorse.org /prehistoric.html (1344 words)

	Art & Culture of Iran: A brief history of Persian Carpet and its patterns
		From being simple articles of need, floor and entrance coverings to protect the nomadic tribesmen from the cold and damp, the increasing beauty of the carpets found them new owners - kings and noblemen, who looked upon them as signs of wealth, prestige and distinction.
		Dating back to the fifth century BCE The Pazyryk carpet is of rare beauty and woven with great technical skill.
		It was found preserved in the frozen tombs of Scythian chiefs, which were 2400 to 2500 years old, it is now kept in the Hermitage Museum of Leningrad.
	www.iranchamber.com /carpet/brief_history_persian_carpet.php (1091 words)

	Tattoos - Crystalinks
		Still relatively unknown (the only current publications in Western languages are those of J P. Mallory and V H. Mair, The Tarim Mummies, London, 2000), some of them could date from the end of the 2nd millennium BCE.
		The world's most spectacular tattooed mummy was discovered by Russian anthropologist Sergei Ivanovich Rudenko in 1948 during the excavation of a group of Pazyryk tombs about 120 miles north of the border between China and Russia.
		No instruments specifically designed for tattooing were found, but the Pazyryks had extremely fine needles with which they did miniature embroidery, and these were undoubtedly used for tattooing In the summer of 1993 another tattooed Pazyryk mummy was discovered in Siberia's Umok plateau.
	www.crystalinks.com /tattoo.html (4102 words)

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