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	Peace Preservation Law
		The Peace Preservation Law (Chian-ijihô) was passed in Japan in 1925 as a mechanism for the Imperial family to entrench itself against a growing left wing.
		The Peace Preservation Law of 1925 promised a prison sentence of up to 10 years for anyone who threatened the kokutai - an enigmatic term based on the belief in the unique nature of Japanese history and the fundamental role of the Imperial Family.
		If nothing else, however, the Peace Preservation Law allowed authorities to quell much of the social unrest and labor agitation that had been the hallmark of the century to date--a notable achievement in a nation where conditions for such outbursts of public anger were undoubtedly rife.
	www.willamette.edu /~rloftus/peacepres.html (1203 words)

	Peace Preservation Law - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Peace Preservation Law (Japanese: 治安維持法; Chian-ijihô) was a Japanese law passed in 1925 as a mechanism for the royal family to entrench itself against a growing left wing.
		His case set a precedent in Japanese law that effectively criminalized the discussion of ideas, and the government's clampdown on dissent only intensified after the 1921 assassination of prime minister Hara Takashi.
		This system remained in effect until the new Police Law was passed in 1947 under the eye of the American occupation of Japan.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Peace_Preservation_Law (250 words)

	2003 JAPAN LAW
		The arrests were based on the 1925 Peace Preservation Law prohibiting antiestablishment activity and was a key law used for repressive activities.
		The law was abolished officially in October 1945, but the defendants had been arrested based on the law before October but after Japan’s surrender in mid-August 1945.
		The argument of the plaintiffs in this case was that the law became invalid with Japan’s acceptance of the Potsdam Declaration on August 14, 1945.
	www.japanlaw.info /law2003/2003_YOKOHAMA_INCIDENT.html (149 words)

	Taisho Period - FreeEncyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-05)
		Japan went to the peace conference at Versailles in 1919 as one of the great military and industrial powers of the world and received official recognition as one of the "Big Five" of the new international order.
		Tokyo was granted a permanent seat on the Council of the League of Nations, and the peace treaty confirmed the transfer to Japan of Germany's rights in Shandong, a provision that led to anti-Japanese riots and a mass political movement throughout China.
		The 1925 Peace Preservation Law was a direct response to the "dangerous thoughts" perpetrated by communist elements in Japan.
	openproxy.ath.cx /ta/Taisho_period.html (2410 words)

	Peace Preservation Law -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-05)
		In 1920, a (additional info and facts about Tokyo Imperial University) Tokyo Imperial University professor named Morito Tatsuo was prosecuted for publishing an article critical of (additional info and facts about Peter Kropotkin) Peter Kropotkin, and spent three months in jail on charges of (Disloyalty by virtue of subversive behavior) treason.
		This system remained in effect until the new Police Law was passed in 1947 under the eye of the (additional info and facts about American occupation of Japan) American occupation of Japan.
		By then, the Peace Preservation Law had become unconstitutional under the new (additional info and facts about Japanese constitution) Japanese constitution.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/p/pe/peace_preservation_law.htm (198 words)

	1885, April 18. 2001. The Encyclopedia of World History (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-05)
		As work on the constitution neared completion, the government, using the newly enacted Peace Preservation Law, outlawed 570 opposition party leaders from living within three miles of the imperial palace in Tokyo.
		The Privy Council was created under Premier It Hirobumi as an advisory body to the emperor to rule on the constitution and related laws; later, it became the highest organ of state in matters concerning constitutional law.
		The emperor's powers were carefully guarded, including the right to declare war and make peace, and the power to issue ordinances having the force of law.
	www.bartleby.com /67/1454.html (470 words)

	Japan and Religious Freedom: An American Perspective
		Kobayashi’s sense that he and I had the easier job, which is to discuss the law and not the difficult metaphysical issues.
		In addition, you begin to see the development of political and legal doctrines that suggest non-participation is akin to treason, perhaps a violation of the peace preservation law.
		In addition, in 1941 the Peace Preservation Law was amended to authorize the police to investigate and suppress religious groups that denied or opposed the national policy of emperor worship.
	www.religiousfreedom.com /conference/japan/Young.htm (2661 words)

	AsiaMedia :: Story, Print Version
		About 30 journalists were charged with violating the wartime Peace Preservation Law, aimed at clamping down on communists, and most received suspended prison terms shortly after the war ended.
		The district court ruled that the two provisions in the Peace Preservation Law that applied to the five defendants were effectively invalidated when Japan signed the Potsdam Declaration on Aug. 14, 1945, to officially end the war.
		The prosecutors have argued that the Peace Preservation Law was in effect until it was officially abolished by an Imperial ordinance in October 1945.
	www.asiamedia.ucla.edu /print.asp?parentid=21661 (889 words)

	Real Invocation of the Divine: The Base on Which to Build a New World Order and a Lasting World Peace
		The acceptance of this law as a universal discipline is the basis for (progressively) resolving the current plight of humankind.
		global community must (without fail) preserve and protect the well-being of humankind (and of even all of earthkind) as a whole, by really and consistently by abandoning the self-centered, non-cooperative, and intolerant (or loveless) manner of life and the policies and activities that flow from it.
		The Peace Law of cooperation and tolerance must be embraced as the necessary politics of the future.
	www.universalpeace.org /outlawing_war (2694 words)

	PVH TRANSLATE, LLC (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-05)
		While the 1889 Meiji Constitution contained a provision guaranteeing religious freedom, it contradictorily emphasized the centrality and sanctity of the Emperor, reinforced by the divinity accorded him by Shinto, which enjoyed state support.
		In 1925, the Peace Preservation Law (revised in 1941) stifled freedom of speech and conscience.
		The 1940 Religious Organizations Act united all religious activities under the leadership of State Shinto, which in effect provided the basis for suppression of all opposition enabling ultra-nationalists to wage war.
	www.pvhtranslate.com /writingediting_13.htm (170 words)

	ZNet \| Activism \| The Retrial of the 'Yokohama Incident': A Six Decade Battle for Human Dignity
		It was not until October 15 that the Peace Preservation Law was finally abolished, thanks to an article written by a foreign correspondent.
		Among those arrested under the law were members of religious groups such as Omotokyo and Tenri hondo, as well as government officials who were detained in the Planning Bureau Incident for contemplating the creation of a new economic system.
		Moreover, the law allowed for preventive detention whereby those convicted could continue to be detained even after their sentences had expired on the pretext that they might commit another crime.
	www.zmag.org /content/print_article.cfm?itemID=10348§ionID=1 (3716 words)

	John Dewey and Tsunesaburo Makiguchi:
		In 1941, the Peace Preservation Act of 1925 was revised, expanding its scope to prohibit--under penalty of life imprisonment or death--any acts that were seen as blasphemous of the emperor or of State Shinto, which asserted the emperor's divinity.
		Regarding the second aspect, the emphasis on the law over the person, Makiguchi felt that this was a mode of faith consonant with the historical trend toward constitutional democracy under an impartial rule of law, as opposed to rule by the despotic will of a single individual.
		The law, in Buddhism, is the law of causality, of cause and effect.
	www.eddiv.homestead.com /files/John_Dewey_and_Tsunesaburo_Makiguchi.htm (7837 words)

	3-13 Adoption of Universal Manhood Suffrage Law and Peace Preservation Law \| Modern Japan in archives
		3-13 Adoption of Universal Manhood Suffrage Law and Peace Preservation Law
		3-13 Adoption of Universal Manhood Suffrage Law and Peace Preservation Law
		Moreover, in exchange for getting the agreement for passing the Universal Manhood Suffrage Law, the Peace Preservation Law was also passed as an anti-communist measure.
	www.ndl.go.jp /modern/e/cha3/description13.html (272 words)

	Resource Guide
		By all accounts he was a man of boundless compassion and peace, “a thinker of giant proportions who, for the sake of people in ages to come, persisted in his efforts to...
		In terms of Buddhism, this image depicts how all people can benefit from the impartial Buddhist law and, like the three kinds of medicinal herbs and two kinds of trees, can attain a state of enlightenment that is expressive of’ their unique character and individuality.
		The SGI aims to apply a philosophy of humanism, rooted in respect for the sanctity of life, in the fields of peace, culture, and education.
	www.sgi-usa.org /buddhism/resourceguide/resourceguide.html (7167 words)

	Aum Shinrikyo
		Meanwhile, local governments throughout Japan are flouting the law in refusing to allow Aum adherents to settle and enroll their children in school.
		Although new religious freedom laws introduced by the Allied Occupation after Japan’s defeat in 1945 curtailed the prewar power of the authorities to interfere with religion, the media remained highly critical of the new religions whose numbers swelled in the postwar chaos.
		The law, opponents said, harked back to the Peace Preservation Law of 1925, under which a number of religious and other groups were suppressed.
	www.trincoll.edu /depts/csrpl/RINVol4No1/aum_shinrikyo.htm (2046 words)

	Interwar Japan
		Additionally, between 1871 and 1873, a series of land and tax laws were enacted as the basis for modern fiscal policy.
		New laws in 1875 prohibited press criticism of the government or discussion of national laws.
		As early as 1943, Konoe led a peace movement, and Tojo was forced from office in July 1944.
	www.shsu.edu /~his_ncp/IntJapan.html (8730 words)

	Resource Guide
		By all accounts he was a man of boundless compassion and peace, “a thinker of giant proportions who, for the sake of people in ages to come, persisted in his efforts to...
		In terms of Buddhism, this image depicts how all people can benefit from the impartial Buddhist law and, like the three kinds of medicinal herbs and two kinds of trees, can attain a state of enlightenment that is expressive of’ their unique character and individuality.
		The SGI aims to apply a philosophy of humanism, rooted in respect for the sanctity of life, in the fields of peace, culture, and education.
	www.sgi-usa.net /buddhism/resourceguide/resourceguide.html (7167 words)

	Adi Da Samraj: The Peace Law
		In this message to all, I call upon the leaders and educators of humankind to actively embrace, and to universally declare and promote, and to actively require the universal real fulfillment of the simplest law and measure of humankind, which I have stated in the form:
		on the foundation of ego-transcending cooperation and tolerance is it possible for peace (or right life) to be established along living beings of
		The Peace Law of cooperation and tolerance must be embraced as the
	www.aboutadidam.org /readings/peace_law (2614 words)

	Japan - BETWEEN THE WARS
		Prewar solutions were applied by the cabinet to these postwar problems, and little was done to reform the government.
		Hara worked to ensure a Seiyokai majority through time-tested methods, such as new election laws and electoral redistricting, and embarked on major government-funded public works programs.
		Fiscal austerity programs and appeals for public support of such conservative government policies as the Peace Preservation Law--including reminders of the moral obligation to make sacrifices for the emperor and the state--were attempted as solutions.
	countrystudies.us /japan/30.htm (863 words)

	New Religious Movements Page: Christianity in Japan
		In 1941, a revised Peace Preservation Law was passed.
		All prisoners were pardoned by MacArthur and the Occupation government on November 13, 1945.The Peace Preservation Law was also lifted ("Ideology," Mullins: 275).
		Mullins ventures that this persecution was a response to a numerically insignificant and unthreatening, marginal group.
	religiousmovements.lib.virginia.edu /nrms/christian_japan.html (3607 words)

	SGI Quarterly April, 2000 - History (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-05)
		The military government was clamping down on freedom of speech and forcing adherence to State Shinto on the entire population.
		In July 1943, Toda and Makiguchi were arrested on charges of lèse-majesté and violating the notorious Peace Preservation Law.
		Toda’s call was the starting point of the Soka Gakkai’s peace activities, and nuclear disarmament has remained a key issue for the organization.
	www.sgi.org /english/Features/quarterly/0004/history.htm (828 words)

	Chinese Holocaust Museum
		Realize that peace and democratic institution and values are sustained, appreciated and protected.
		In 1931, the Japanese Military forces first invaded Northeast China, known as Manchuria, then escalated the aggression against China to an all-out war by staging the Marco Polo Bridge Incident in July 7, 1937, and eventually launched the Pearl Harbor surprise attack that touched off the Pacific War or World War II in Asia.
		Through the harsh Peace Preservation Law of 1925, further strengthened in 1928, all "dangerous thought" was to be rooted out from Japanese society; as a result thousand of intellectuals with leftist leaning were thrown into prison or even killed.
	www.chineseholocaust.org /edu1.html (1274 words)

	Session 146 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-05)
		This in turn forced new legislation, the NPO Law in 1998, and may cause a revision of the taxation and subsidy systems.
		In 1925, Hara Yoshimichi of the Japan Lawyers Association engineered a split that confounded opposition to the Public Peace Preservation Law.
		His establishment of the Imperial Lawyers Association halved professional opposition to the law and led to Hara’s appointment as Justice Minister in 1927.
	www.aasianst.org /absts/1999abst/Japan/j-146.htm (1407 words)

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