
	Where results make sense

Topic: Pearl oyster

	Pearl History
		A pearl is cultured by opening a live mollusk slightly and inserting a small piece of mantle tissue or a small pearl into the mantle of the animal.
		The chemical produced by the freshwater pearl mussel that forms the pearls is identical to the chemical produced by the saltwater pearl oyster.
		If a pearl necklace is regularly worn, as it should be, some of the pearls will constantly be in close contact with the woman's skin on her neck at the shoulder line.
	www.pearlsforgirls.com /pearl_history.htm (2890 words)

	Pearl - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Pearl is valued as a gemstone and is cultivated or harvested for jewellery.
		Oysters which survive the subsequent surgery to remove the finished pearl are often implanted with a new, larger nucleus as part of the same procedure and then returned to the water for another three years of growth.
		The value of the pearls in jewelry is determined by a combination of the luster, color, size, lack of surface flaw and symmetry that are appropriate for the type of pearl under consideration.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Pearl (1203 words)

	Oyster - Open Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Oysters are highly prized as food, both raw and cooked, and have a reputation as an aphrodisiac due to the high content of zinc they contain.
		Oysters are generally an expensive food in places where they aren't harvested, and often they are eaten only on special occasions, such as Christmas.
		The generally used method for opening oysters is to use a special knife, with a short and thick blade, inserting the blade (with some moderate force and vibration if necessary) at the hinge in the rear of the shell, and sliding it upward to cut the addctor muscle (which holds the shell closed).
	open-encyclopedia.com /Oyster (595 words)

	AllRefer.com - pearl, gem, Mineral (Mineralogy And Crystallography) - Encyclopedia
		The pearl is built up of layers of aragonite or calcite (crystalline forms of calcium carbonate) held together by conchiolin (a horny organic substance); its composition is identical to that of the mother-of-pearl, or nacre, that forms the interior layer of the mollusk shell.
		Pearls found attached to the inner surface of the shell are known as blister pearls.
		These pearls are commonly produced by placing a small mother-of-pearl bead enclosed in a piece of mantle tissue in the body of the oyster.
	reference.allrefer.com /encyclopedia/P/pearl.html (593 words)

	Pearl oyster - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Pearl Oysters are the genus Pinctada of bivalve molluscs.
		Black South Sea Pearls, or Tahitian pearls come from the Black-lip oyster; White and Golden South Sea pearls from the White-lip and Golden-lip oysters; and Akoya cultured pearls from the Japanese pearl oyster.
		Pearls are also obtained in commercial quantities from some species of the related genus Pteria, and also from the freshwater mussel species Hyriopsis schlegeli.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Pearl_Oyster (225 words)

	Dave's Down To Earth Rock Shop Pearls!!!
		A natural pearl (also called a genuine pearl) is a pearl that was produced in an oyster, freshwater mussel or other mollusk as a reaction to a tiny invading object that happened to be caught inside its shell.
		A freshwater pearl is a pearl that was harvested from a freshwater mussel (a mollusk).
		Majorca pearls are imitation pearls made by dipping glass beads repeatedly in a solution of "pearl essence," a year's supply of which requires the scaling of 100 million fish.
	www.davesdowntoearthrockshop.com /pearl.htm (1947 words)

	Pearl Oyster Farming and Pearl Culture
		The thickness of the pearl layers are affected by the minute changes in water temperature during the day and also vary considerably according to the season of the year.
		In the Gulf of Kutch, the pearl oysters are found on the intertidal flats and the population is sparse.
		Juvenile pearl oysters are reared in netcages (Plate V C-D).
	www.fao.org /docrep/field/003/AB726E/AB726E06.htm (1617 words)

	BlackPearl
		Pearls are formed naturally when the oyster is irritated by the presence of a foreign particle in its body.
		Pearl oysters for farms are obtained in one of three ways: collection of wild juveniles and adults; spat collection; and hatchery-reared animals.
		A pearl farm is simply a structure that allows the oysters to be suspended in the water column at a depth of 3-7 m.
	library.kcc.hawaii.edu /CTSA/publications/Blackpearl.htm (3706 words)

	Black lip Pearl 144
		Pearl oysters are generally either male or female, although there are occasional hermaphrodites (individuals that are simultaneously male and female).
		Additionally, most farms make a considerable amount of their revenue from the second and third pearls that a pearl oyster may produce; adults collected from the wild may be too old and past the period at which they will be useful for second and third implants.
		Pearl oysters of the genus Pinctada are easily distinguished from bivalves that are not pearl oysters, but distinguishing between Black-lip pearl oysters (Pinctada margaritifera) and related species is often difficult.
	library.kcc.hawaii.edu /CTSA/publications/144/Spat.htm (4434 words)

	Pearl Oyster (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Cultural pearl is produced by catching young oysters and introducing a foreign particle and watching it under enclosed cage for about 3 years.
		Pearl fisheries in the Gulf of Mannar is under the control of Tamil Nadu Govt.
		The maximum numbers of oysters collected was 76,685 in the year 1916-17 and a minimum number of 522 oysters were collected during 1936-39.
	www.indiaagronet.com /indiaagronet/Fisheries/Contents/pearl_oyster.htm (320 words)

	Pearls at discount prices from The Pearl People
		Pearl oysters are therefore placed in a water bath, sometimes of slightly higher temperature or with a mild anesthetic, until they relax and gape.
		Nucleated pearl oysters are then moved into "post-operative" care, consisting of relatively crowded racks or baskets suspended from log rafts close to the laboratory." After this one- to two-week period, any dead clams or other "unsuccessful grafts" are discarded.
		In comparison, as of the year 2000, pearl yields from the Black-lipped Pearl Oysters in French Polynesia are even lower: of one thousand nucleated pearl oysters, four hundred and forty will die during the culturing period, and two hundred and forty will reject the nucleus.
	www.thepearlpeople.com /pearls/akoyapearls2.html (924 words)

	Pearl Farming
		Pearl divers in the Tuamotu Archipelago had truly exceptional skill, frequently reaching depths of 100-130 feet (30.5-39.6 meters), remaining under water for a long as three minutes.
		For oysters, diameter is measured from the edge of the shell behind the hinge (dorsal margin) to the opposite edge, where the shell opens in front (ventral margin).
		The divers bring the oysters to the farm facilities at regular intervals to be cleaned, brushed down and then taken back to their resting place in the lagoon.
	www.pacificislandtravel.com /fr_polynesia/about_destin/pearlfarming.html (1148 words)

	oyster on Encyclopedia.com
		Since the oyster spends most of its life (except for the free-swimming larval stage) attached—having fused its valve with a sticky substance to a substratum of shells, rocks, or roots—the foot is rudimentary.
		These oysters are harvested in artificial beds on both coasts of the United States: on the Atlantic especially in the regions of the Delaware and Chesapeake bays and in the waters off Long Island, in the Gulf Coast off Louisiana, and in the Pacific off the state of Washington.
		The great pearl oyster, from which the pearl is obtained, is a large (12-in./30.5-cm) tropical species.
	www.encyclopedia.com /html/o1/oyster.asp (727 words)

	Pearls and Trade
		For instance, the pearl was the favored gem of the wealthy during the Roman Empire.
		For the South Sea pearls, it appears to be the warm waters combined with the swell of nutrient rich water from the bottom of the ocean that provides the oysters with the ideal mixture to produce some of the world’s finest pearls.
		Notwithstanding the special treatment bequeathed this select oysters, many die in the effort to produce a pearl; falling victim to infection, being killed in the process of seed implantation, or simply perishing from old age.(16) Due to over-exploitation, and in some cases habitat loss, these naturally existing oysters and their Seabeds are becoming more rare.
	www.american.edu /projects/mandala/TED/PEARL.HTM (3655 words)

	The Akoya pearl oyster Pinctada (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		While the Australian pearl industry is based on the silverlip pearl oyster Pinctada maxima, there is increasing interest in pearl production from other species.
		To overcome the shortage of oysters and to commence trial farming, NSW Fisheries signed a memorandum of understanding with a pearl farming company ‘Australian Radiata’, who have a wealth of farming experience in both Australia and Japan.
		The Akoya pearl oyster is found in temperate climates and forms the basis of the pearling industry in Japan.
	www.imperial-deltah.com /news2/akoya_pearl_oyster_pinctada.htm (469 words)

	Learn about cultured pearls
		Threeridge mussels (Amblema plicata) have pearls in shades of blue-green and lavender.
		Mabe Pearls are assembled from a cultured blister pearl produced by the Pteria penguin and Pteria sterna oysters(Black-winged and White-winged Pearl Oyster).
		Among the chief sources are the pearl oyster, found in warm and tropical seas, chiefly in Asia; freshwater pearl mussels, which live in many rivers of the United States, Europe, and Asia; and the abalone of California, Japan, and other Pacific regions.
	www.pearloasis.com /pearltypes.html (1316 words)

	Marine Fisheries Review: History of the Atlantic pearl-oyster, Pinctata imbricata, industry in Venezuela and Colombia, ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		The pearl oyster beds were a few hundred meters to several km off the coast, where the depths were from 3 to 10 m, and they covered a total area of about 68 [km.sup.2].
		The pearl oyster fishery started up again in about 1845, and for several years thereafter an average of 45 kg of pearls/yr were landed.
		Over the years, scarcities of pearl oysters on the beds limited harvests, but when the beds were left undisturbed the oysters became more abundant as a result of oyster larval settlement and growth.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m3089/is_1_65/ai_n6272151/pg_5 (1450 words)

	Tahitian Black Pearl Jewelry
		A cultured pearl is produced when a shell nucleus is implanted into an oyster, which surrounds the nucleus with micro-layers of a protective coating called nacre.
		Pearls are valued according to their lustre and color, surface clarity, shape and size.
		Akoya pearls are usually white to creamy ivory to gold in color, reminiscent of the sands along an island beach.
	www.mauidivers.com /overview_2.asp (695 words)

	Pearl Oyster Farming and Pearl Culture
		For fixing the oyster, the movable jaw is opened by applying finger pressure at the bottom of the plate and after the oyster is placed in position the pressure is released.
		The retractor is used to hold the foot of the oyster in a stretched position during the operation.
		Mount the oyster with the speculum on the clamp.
	www.fao.org /docrep/field/003/AB726E/AB726E10.htm (3308 words)

	Journal of Shellfisheries Research: Gametogenic processes in the pearl oyster, Pteria penguin (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		The biology of pearl oysters is poorly understood considering the importance of pearl culture and shell fisheries (Chellem 1987, Gervis and Sims 1992).
		The pearl oysters were measured for shell length and shell width with Vernier calipers and the soft body weights were recorded.
		A total of 142 P. penguin pearl oysters (72 males and 70 females) were examined histologically to determine the gametogenic cycle of both sexes.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m0QPU/is_2_23/ai_n6276404 (1366 words)

	NOVA Online \| The Perfect Pearl \| What's Killing the Oysters?
		Experts attribute the initial oyster deaths in 1994 to "red tide," a bloom of microscopic, toxin-producing animals in the ocean that proved deadly to the oysters.
		Japanese pearl farmers reaped only 56.6 tons of akoya-grown pearls in 1996, down 22 percent from the 1993 harvest.
		Pearl buyers around the world have witnessed a shortage of the most desirable akoya pearls, especially those in the 6 and 7 millimeter size range and larger.
	www.pbs.org /wgbh/nova/pearl/oysters.html (1134 words)

	Tahitian Black Pearl Information
		Black-lipped oysters are indigenous to the beautiful lagoons of French Polynesia, Fiji, Samoa, and the atolls of the Cook Islands.
		If the pearls in a necklace are too large, the necklace tends to look “horsy” — especially if the pearls in the necklace are not graduated in size.
		The Tahitian pearl’s overtones tend to be somewhat iridescent and occur in shades of pink, blue, gold, silver, green, pistachio, and aubergine.
	www.firebirdgold.com /QueenPearls.html (1086 words)

	PEARL AND HERMES REEF
		The discovery of pearl oysters in the lagoon of Pearl and Hermes Reef, by Captain William Greig Anderson in 1927, did more to put this lonely atoll on the map of the Hawaiian archipelago than any other event during the 105 previous years of its history.
		To forbid commercial fishing for pearl oysters in Pearl and Hermes Reef for a period of not less than five years.
		To establish at Pearl and Hermes Reef a pearl oyster reserve from which oysters could be taken only by permission of the Government and exclusively for the purpose of transplantation and cultivation.
	www.janeresture.com /pearl_and_hermes (1227 words)

	SPC Pearl Oyster Information Bulletin N¡14 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		We are witnessing the ascendancy of the pearl agribusiness: the nacri-business.
		Communally-owned and -operated pearl farms have pretty much all come to nought — either sundered by small island politics, left languishing for lack of motivated labour, or stripped of the oysters by folk who favour individual initiative over socialist ideals.
		Black Pearls of Micronesia (partly owned by BPI — your Editor), is attempting to apply the old nucleus estate model, formerly used in plantation agriculture and more recently in shrimp production, to expand pearl farming beyond the one large, nucleus farm.
	www.spc.org.nc /coastfish/News/POIB/14/POIB14.htm (1981 words)

	The Seattle Times: Nation & World: Asian oyster: Pearl or peril for ecosystem? (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		The oysters, with a meat bigger than a McDonald's patty, were the biggest anybody had seen here in Virginia's Northern Neck in years.
		These Asian oysters — apparently sterile and apparently left behind by scientists after an experiment in 2001 — became the first of their kind to grow wild in the Chesapeake region.
		The Army Corps of Engineers' study of the Asian oyster's potential effect is expected next year; in the meantime, the oysters are supposed to be tested only when they are sterile and kept in mesh bags.
	seattletimes.nwsource.com /html/nationworld/2001941047_oysters28.html (569 words)

	South Sea Pearls
		However, as the oyster fights this mother of pearl bead implant (which it sees as a foreign body) and the oyster's environment is disrupted by unpredictable weather, the likelyhood of producting a perfectly round pearl that is beautiful and blemish free decreases.
		Before a south sea pearl oyster begins cultivating a pearl, a mother of pearl bead implant is inserted into the oyster to begin the pearl forming process.
		The fewer the pearls in a beginning lot, the less likelyhood there is of composing a necklace where are the pearls have a similar luster, bodycolor, shape and overtone.
	www.americanpearl.com /unsoutseapea.html (1251 words)

	Island Pearls - Southern California is Pearl Harvester's Oyster
		In it was a large, iridescent, silver-blue Mabe pearl -- the first, according to Cross, oyster pearl harvested in the United States.
		Cross, who is also growing pearls in abalone beds along the coast wants nothing less than to transform Southern California into the pearl capital of the world.
		The cost of the pearl varies around the world, with the Tahitian fl pearls selling from $40 to $100 per piece, with strands ranging from thousands to hundreds of thousands of dollars; abalone pearls sell from $300 per piece on up.
	www.islandpearls.net /article4.htm (668 words)

	Polynesia Black Pearls.
		Pearl farming is drawing many people back to ancestral islands they abandoned after devastating hurricanes in 1983.
		A spherical pearl is formed when a Mississippi River mussel graft from Tennessee is introduced inside the coat; the oyster only creates a hemispherical half pearl if the graft goes between the coat and the shell.
		It is one of the few pearl farmers with strict rules against fishing their portion of the lagoon and against cleaning shells with pressure hoses.
	www.travelwithachallenge.com /Polynesia_Black_Pearls.htm (1457 words)

Try your search on: Qwika (all wikis)